Concept explainers
Interpretation: To explain the
Concept introduction: An equilibrium constant
The reaction of an acid HA with water is written as,
The relative strength of an acid and base in water can be also expressed quantitatively with an equilibrium constant as follows:
An equilibrium constant
The relation between
Stronger the acid higher the value of
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Organic Chemistry
- Specialized reagents and their acronyms: MCPBA= meta-chloroperbenzoic acid; HOAC = acetic acid, NaOAc = Sodium Acetate; Ph= phenyl = C6H5-; P(Ph)3 = triphenyl phosphine; NBS = N- bromosuccinimide, PBR3, SOCI2, AlCl3, FeBr3, H2SO4, Li, Na, Mg, Br2, CrO3, LDA = lithium diisopropylamide, PCC = pyridinium chlorochromate, KO-C(CH3)3, LAH = LIAIH4, (sia)2BH = disecondary isobutyl borane, KMNO4, HIO4 = periodic acid %3D %3D %3D %3D %3D write the missing reagents and solvents over the arrows. Some transformation require multiple steps. In some cases there will be multiple arrows. Br Brarrow_forwardAn electron-rich carbon reacts with an electrophile, symbolized as E+. Explain this ?arrow_forwardwhat is the role of conc. H2SO4 in molisch's reagent test?arrow_forward
- Given that 0.00348 moles of 2-naphthol was mixed with 0.00700 moles of NaOH, 0.21707 moles of Ethanol, and 0.00270 moles of 1-Iodobutane to create the product of 2-Napthyl-Butylether. Find the pKa of the product of 2-Naphthyl-Butylether.arrow_forwardWhat changes would be made to separate the two isomeric pinene (α and β), bp 156 oC and 167 oC respectively that are the major constituents of commercial turpentine?arrow_forward(a) For each structure, identify all of the possible hydrogen bond donors (HBDS) and hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAS). Remember, some functional groups may be able to act as HBDS and HBAS. HO MeO Capsaicin Citalopram HO HO HO HO- Prostaglandin D2 Atropine (b) Eukaryotic cell membranes function as a hydrophobic barrier around the cell and prevent the passage of polar or charged molecules. Briefly explain how cell membranes work and use a simple diagram to aid your explanation. Refer specifically to hydrophobic and hydrophilic components in their structure.arrow_forward
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- The pKa values of a few ortho-, meta-, and para-substituted benzoic acids are shown below: The relative pKa values depend on the substituent. For chloro-substituted benzoic acids, the ortho isomer is the most acidic and the para isomer is the least acidic; for nitro-substituted benzoic acids, the ortho isomer is the most acidic and the meta isomer is the least acidic; and for amino-substituted benzoic acids, the meta isomer is the most acidic and the ortho isomer is the least acidic. Explain these relative acidities.a. Cl: ortho 7 meta 7 para b. NO2: ortho 7 para 7 meta c. NH2: meta 7 para 7 orthoarrow_forwardThe pKa values of a few ortho-, meta-, and para-substituted benzoic acids are shown below: The relative pKa values depend on the substituent. For chloro-substituted benzoic acids, the ortho isomer is the most acidic and the para isomer is the least acidic; for nitro-substituted benzoic acids, the ortho isomer is the most acidic and the meta isomer is the least acidic; and for amino-substituted benzoic acids, the meta isomer is the most acidic and the ortho isomer is the least acidic. Explain these relative acidities. a. Cl: ortho > meta > para b. NO2: ortho > para > meta c. NH2: meta > para > orthoarrow_forward10:56 1 Question 11 of 25 Submit Draw the major product of this reaction. Ignore inorganic byproducts. Br FeBr3arrow_forward
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