Biological Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321743671
Author: Scott Freeman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 3TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Adaptation is a heritable trait that increases the fitness of an individual in particular environmental condition, as compared to the individuals that lack the trait. Adaptation results in increased fitness, that is increased ability to produce viability and fertile offsprings.
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Which of the following is false?
a.
The color of a fruit fly's eyes is a trait.
b.
The instructions for producing a trait are found in a gene that controls the physical expression of that trait.
c.
A gene can have different alleles that can specify different traits, such as red or brown eye color.
d.
The trait is influenced by the gene, independent of the environment.
e.
By studying the patterns of traits over generations of an organism, the genetic composition of an organism can be deduced.
Environments all over the world are changing as a result of global warming. Will this cause natural selection to occur?
A.
No.The environment is always changing. Global warming is nothing new.
B.
Yes, warmer temperatures will induce mutations that are favorable to survial in the new teperature regime
C.
No. The only change will be that species from hot environments will expand their ranges.
D.
Yes. Traits that help individuals produce more offspring in warmer environments will increase in frequency.
E.
Yes. Warmer temperatures will increase the rate of chemical reactions in poikilothemic species and thus natural selection will be enhanced.
What is a quantitative trait locus (QTL)?
a.
A portion of the genome that is a particular quantitative length
b.
A portion of the genome in which polymorphic markers correlate with a phenotype
c.
A region of the genome where qualitative traits associate with discrete phenotypes
d.
A region of the genome that does not follow Mendelian inheritance patterns
Chapter 25 Solutions
Biological Science
Ch. 25 - True or false? Some trails are considered...Ch. 25 - CAUTION Why does the presence of extinct forms and...Ch. 25 - 3. Trails that are derived from a common ancestor,...Ch. 25 - How can biological fitness be estimated? a....Ch. 25 - 5. CAUTION According to data presented in this...Ch. 25 - Some biologists summarize evolution by natural...Ch. 25 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 25 - 9. The average height of humans in industrialized...Ch. 25 - Prob. 16TYPSSCh. 25 - Prob. 3TYK
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is the difference between artificial selection (e.g., greyhounds that are bred for speed) and natural selection? a. In artificial selection, the genetic variation introduced into the population is limited, but in natural selection, it is not b. In artificial selection, the environment is the selective force, while in natural selection, humans are the selective force c. In natural selection, the environment is the selective force, while in artificial selection, humans are the selective force d. Unlike other species, dogs are not subject to natural selection e. Both A & Carrow_forwardAssume that you are studying genetically identical clones in a certain plant species. You expose them to two different water treatments in a greenhouse. You find that they differ in height. This variation in height is an example of which form of variation? a. Genetic b. Environmental c. Genotype-by-environment d. All of the abovearrow_forwardConsider the trait in Figure 22.5a. Which statement about this trait is correct? Please choose the best option. a) In humans, the trait cannot be explained by the theory of evolution by natural selection. b. In humans, the trait improves the biological fitness of individuals. c. In humans, the trait is similar to a functional version of the trait in closely related species. d. Humans lack vestigial traitsarrow_forward
- Why is it that the allele coding for darker skin did not evolve to protect us from skin cancer? A. Darker skin did develop to protect us from skin cancer B. Because skin cancer usually develops before an individual's reproductive years, so it doesn't affect the ability for someone to pass on their genes. C. Because skin cancer isn't harmful D. Because skin cancer usually develops after an individual's reproductive years, so it doesn't affect the ability for someone to pass on their genesarrow_forwardHow can a polygenic trait be easily identified? a. There ae only two possible phenotypes for the trait. b. The graphing of the possible phenotypes results in a bell curve. c. The presence of the polygenic trait masks the other possible alleles involved. d. The environment has a greater influence on the trait.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between evolution, natural selection, and artificial selection? A. Evolution is a genetic change in a population over time which can occur through natural selection. Artificial selection is the differential reproduction of individuals in a population to promote the characteristics chosen by the breeder. B. Natural selection is the change of allele frequencies in a population over time. Evolution leads to differential survival and reproduction of individuals. Artificial selection has produced domesticated animals and plants. C. Evolution is a mechanism of artificial selection. Natural selection is a form of artificial selection in which nature selects the characteristics that are most beneficial to a species. D. Artificial selection is a mechanism of evolution and is the main process of domesticating animals and plants for human use. Natural selection is the same as evolution.arrow_forward
- Stabilizing selection on a trait tends toa. make the trait more extreme.b. reduce variability in the trait.c. decrease the frequency of alleles associated with the trait.d. result in elaborate male ornaments.arrow_forwardWhich of the following individuals would be considered to have the greatest evolutionary fitness? a. Olympic speed skater with one child b. an overweight person with three children c. a woman who had six children, none of whom (the children) survived to adulthood d. a single mom who adopted eight childrenarrow_forwardWhich statement is least relevant when examining traits considered as adaptations? A. Not every trait or use of a trait in an organism ia an adaptation. B. Mutations can result in maladaptive traits. C. Differences for a trait among populations or species are not always adapative D. Not every adaptation is perfect or unflawed.arrow_forward
- Certain species of blind fish living in perpetual darkness in the ocean depths have evolved from ancestors that could see. Research indicates that the brain centers for vision in these fish is degenerating, whereas the brain centers controlling other senses are enlarging. What might be the MOST probable reason for the loss of vision in these fish? O A. exposure to mutagens that caused the loss of vision B. progressive selection of genetic variants in the population leading to blindness as an evolutionary adaptation C. infection by cave-dwelling microorganisms that has led to degeneration of the eyes O D. extreme high pressure at the ocean depths causing a deterioration of visionarrow_forwardThe text explains that selective breeding involves breeding animals or plants for specific desirable traits. For example, humans bred different types of dogs to accomplish certain jobs. Farmers breed chickens for having meat and laying a greater amount of eggs. Cattle are often selectively bred either for more meat or for more milk production. The text also notes that breeding animals for size and strength interferes with natural animal processes. Based on this information presented in the text, who benefits from the traits different animals are bred for? a) humans breeding the animals b) the animals being bred by the humans c) both the humans breeding the animals and the animals being bred by the humans d) animals not being bred by humansarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the MOST important characteristic of a trait for it to undergo descent with modification? A. It must be heritable. B. It must exhibit variation. C. It must exhibit phenotypic plasticity. D. Variation in the trait must be accompanied by variation in fitness.arrow_forward
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Genetic Variation and Mutation | 9-1 GCSE Science Biology | OCR, AQA, Edexcel; Author: SnapRevise;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLP8udGGfHU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY