Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 18, Problem 21P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The correct option regarding the phosphofructokinase should be identified.
Introduction:
Phosphofructokinases are kinase group of enzyme, phosphorylates fructose-6 phosphate by utilizing ATPs.
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Students have asked these similar questions
You are studying the kinetics of a novel competitive inhibitor of ATP-citrate lyase that can be used to prevent obesity. What is likely true about this inhibitor?
(A) This inhibitor lowers the Vmax of ATP-citrate lyase.
(B) The inhibitor likely looks structurally similar to acetyl CoA.
(C) The inhibitor binds to an allosteric region on ATP-citrate lyase and prevents catalysis.
(D) You can distinguish between an uninhibited and inhibited enzyme by comparing the x-intercepts on a Lineweaver-Burk plot.
(E) This inhibitor lowers the KM of ATP-citrate lyase.
Related to this question, you should also be able to:
• explain the function of ATP-citrate lyase and why inhibition would prevent obesity
• interpret Michaelis-Menten & Lineweaver-Burk plots related to this question
• explain the differences between a competitive and non-competitive inhibitor
The following are the negative regulators of phosphofructokinase except
Select one:
a. AMP
+b. H
c. Citrate
d. ATP
The effect of ATP on the allosteric enzyme PFK-1 is shown below. For a given concentration of fructose 6-phosphate, the PFK-1 activity increases with increasing concentrations of ATP, but a point is reached beyond which increasing the concentration of ATP inhibits the enzyme.
(a) Explain how ATP can be both a substrate and an inhibitor of PFK-1. How is the enzyme regulated by ATP?
(b) In what ways is glycolysis regulated by ATP levels?
(c) The inhibition of PFK-1 by ATP is diminished when the ADP concentration is high, as shown in the illustration. How can this observation be explained?
*A graph is included for this question*
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 18 - Characterizing Glycolysis List the reactions of...Ch. 18 - Radiotracer Labeling of Pyruvate from Glucose...Ch. 18 - Effects of Changing Metabolite Concentrations on...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - The Reactions and Meehanisms of the Leloir Pathway...Ch. 18 - The Effect of lodoacetic Acid on the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Comparing Glycolysis Entry Points for Sucrose...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Energetic of Fructose-1 ,6-bis P Hydrolysis...Ch. 18 - Prob. 15PCh. 18 - Energetics of the Hexokinase Reaction The...Ch. 18 - Prob. 17PCh. 18 - Distinguishing the Mechanisms of Class I and Class...Ch. 18 - Prob. 19PCh. 18 - Understanding the Mechanism of Hemolytic Anemia...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - Based on your residing of this chapter, what would...Ch. 18 - Examine the ActiveModel for alcohol dehydrogenase...Ch. 18 - Based on your knowledge of the structure of NAD+...Ch. 18 - Using the ActiveModel for phosphofructokinase...
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- Consider the complete oxidation of one mole of simple TAG containing behenic acid residues (22:0). I. For one mole of the fatty acid residue, determine the following: c. ATP yield obtained from FADH2 coming from the complete β-oxidation of the fatty acid residue d. net ATP yield of ATP in the complete oxidation of the fatty acid residuearrow_forwardConsider the fatty acids: (a) Arachidic acid (C20H40O2); molar mass = 312.5 g/mol) (b) Palmitoleic acid(C16H30O2); molar mass = 256.4 g/mol). i. How many cycles of β -oxidation are needed for complete oxidation?ii. How many molecules of acetyl CoA are formed from its complete catabolism?iii. Calculate the number of molecules (moles) of ATP formed (net) by the completecatabolism of each fatty acid (show your calculation).iv. Calculate number of moles of ATP formed per gram of each fatty acid metabolized.arrow_forwardConsider the complete oxidation of one mole of simple TAG containing behenic acid residues (22:0). I. For one mole of the fatty acid residue, determine the following: d. What is the number of net ATP yield of ATP in the complete oxidation of the fatty acid residuearrow_forward
- If glucokinase has a higher Km for glucose than does hexokinase, but can only bind to D-glucose, while hexokinase can bind to several hexose sugars (like D-glucose, D-mannose, and D-fructose), then: glucokinase has both a higher affinity and a higher specificity for D-glucose than does hexokinase glucokinase has both a lower affinity and a lower specificity for D-glucose than does hexokinase glucokinase has a higher affinity but a lower specificity for D-glucose than does hexokinase glucokinase has a lower affinity but a higher specificity for D-glucose than does hexokinase all of the abovearrow_forwardIdentify the following: a. An oxidative process that releases energy b. Cellular localization of the electron transport chain during cellular respiration. c. The number of double bonds present in the metabolic precursor of all prostaglandins.arrow_forwardConsider the complete oxidation of one mole of simple TAG containing behenic acid residues (22:0). I. For one mole of the fatty acid residue, determine the following: c. What is the number of ATP yield obtained from FADH2 coming from the complete β-oxidation of the fatty acid residuearrow_forward
- Myristoleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid found in small amounts in a variety of foods. Calculate the net ATP yield from the complete β-oxidation of myristoleic acid. The formula of myristoleic acid is shown below (it is assumed that the total ATP production is the same for both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having the same carbon chain length). CH3-(CH2)3-CHCH-(CH2)7-COOH (Given: The oxidation of one NADH yields 2.5 ATP; the oxidation of one FADH2 yields 1.5 ATP; and the oxidation of one acetyl CoA yields 10 ATP. ) Group of answer choices a. 96 ATP b. 92 ATP c. 94 ATP d. 34 ATP e. 36 ATParrow_forwardIn relation to Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase enzyme, answer the following: A- What are the two isoforms of this enzyme, explain why there are two isoforms? B- What are the clinical manifestations associated with the deficiency of these two enzymes? C- Write down the biochemical reaction and the name of the metabolic pathway that these two isoforms are involved in, and how many ATP is utilized by these two isoforms?arrow_forward. Because of the position of arsenic in the periodic table, arsenate (AsO}-) is chemically similar to inorganic phosphate and is used by phosphate-requiring enzymes as an alternative substrate. However, organic arsenates are quite unstable and spontaneously hydrolyze. Arsenate is known to inhibit ATP production in glycolysis. Identify the target enzyme, and explain the mechanism of inhibition.arrow_forward
- The glucose/glucose-6-phosphate substrate cycle involves distinct reactions of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis that interconvert these two metabolites. Assume that under physiological conditions, [ATP] = [ADP]; [P;] = 1 mM. Consider the glycolytic reaction catalyzed by hexokinase: ATP + glucose ADP + glucose-6-phosphate AG = - 16.7 kJ/mol (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant (K) for this reaction at 298°K, and from that, calculate the maximum [glucose-6-phosphate]/ Iglucose] ratio that would exist under conditions where the reaction is still thermodynamically favorable. (b) Reversal of this interconversion in gluconeogenesis is catalyzed by glucose-6-phosphatase: glucose-6-phosphate + H20 = glucose + P AG" = -13.8 kJ/molarrow_forwardConsider docosanoic acid C12H43CO2H a. Label the alpha and beta Carbons. Show the beta-oxidation in an EXPANDED structure. b. Draw each acyl CoA derived from this fatty acid. c. How many acetyl Co A molecules are formed by complete beta-oxidation? d. How many cycles of beta-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation? e. How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complete catabolism of this fatty acid? Show the complete computation. f. How many moles of ATP per gram of fatty acid is formed from the complete catabolism of the given fatty acid? g. What is the molar mass of the given fatty acid? Solution: Show here the complete computations, [from a to e]arrow_forwardIndicate the energy yield or cost, in ATP equivalents, for the following processes: (a) glycogen (3 residues) → 6 pyruvate. (b) 3 glucose → 6 pyruvate(c) 6 pyruvate → 3 glucose.arrow_forward
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