Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780618974122
Author: Andrei Straumanis
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 4, Problem 1E
a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: Whether
Concept introduction: Solids have regular arrangement of their constituent particles as compared to that in liquids. Intermolecular forces in solids are stronger than that in liquids.
b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: Whether answer to previous question is consistent or not with fact that ice floats in water should be determined.
Concept introduction: Quantity defined as ratio of mass per unit volume of substance is called density of substance. It is represented by
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Write True if the statement is true otherwise, write false.
1. According to the kinetic molecular theorv of matter, the higher the temperature
of a substance, the greater the kinetic energy of the particles compriSing the
substance.
2. According to the kinetic molecular theory of matter, the faster the particles
Comprising a substance is movina, the greater the kinetic energy of that substance
is.
3. Relative to the other two states of matter, matter in solid state has the weakest
attraction between atoms.
4. Dispersion forces are exclusively experienced by nonpolar molecules.
5. To undergo a phase change from solid to liquid, the intermolecular forces holding
the atoms, ions, or molecules in a substance together must be overcome.
6. Among the different types of intermolecular forces that could be experienced by
a substance, dipole-dipole forces are the weakest.
7. The farther apart the atoms, ions, or molecules in a substance are, the stronger
the intermolecular forces…
If you have ever had gum stuck in your hair (or known a person or a pet with gum stuck in their hair), you may have tried to wash the hair with water in an attempt to remove the gum. However, trying to wash the gum out with water was probably not a very effective method.
a. The molecules in gum are non-polar. What type(s) of intermolecular forces are present in non-polar substances (like gum)?
b. What type(s) of intermolecular forces are present in liquid water?
c. Explain why water does not work effectively to remove gum.
d. Some people suggest using peanut butter to remove the gum from hair. Peanut butter mainly consists of unsaturated fats; an example chemical structure of an unsaturated fatty acid is shown below. Explain why peanut butter is a good option or a bad option to remove the gum (from a chemistry perspective).
Please answer all parts of question.
7. Circle the species in the following pairs that would have a higher vapor pressure
a. CH4 or NH3
b. CHo or CH;OH
Chapter 4 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1CTQCh. 4 - Figure 4.1 is a cartoon depiction of liquid water...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 4CTQCh. 4 - In HF , neither H nor F holds a full formal charge...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 7CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 8CTQCh. 4 - Within any one section of Table 4.2, boiling...Ch. 4 - Prob. 10CTQ
Ch. 4 - Prob. 11CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 12CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 13CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 14CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 15CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 16CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 17CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 18CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 19CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 20CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 21CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 22CTQCh. 4 - (E) Label each of the following as strong acid,...Ch. 4 - Prob. 24CTQCh. 4 - Draw the structure of the conjugate base of water....Ch. 4 - Does Cl have a conjugate acid? If so, what is it?...Ch. 4 - Draw the conjugate base of CH4 (methane).Ch. 4 - For the previous four questions, label each...Ch. 4 - Prob. 29CTQCh. 4 - According to the conventions above, what is the...Ch. 4 - Draw an arrow on Figure 4.13 representing Hrxn4 ....Ch. 4 - Prob. 32CTQCh. 4 - Add a + or above each curved arrow in Figure 4.11...Ch. 4 - Prob. 34CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 35CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 36CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 37CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 38CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 39CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 40CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 41CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 42CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 43CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 44CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 45CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 46CTQCh. 4 - For NH3 (ammonia) and H2O (water)... a. Use curved...Ch. 4 - Prob. 48CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 49CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 50CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 51CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 52CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 53CTQCh. 4 - Prob. 1ECh. 4 - Prob. 2ECh. 4 - Prob. 3ECh. 4 - Prob. 4ECh. 4 - Prob. 5ECh. 4 - Prob. 6ECh. 4 - Prob. 7ECh. 4 - Prob. 8ECh. 4 - Propanal (bp 48°C) and propanol (bp 97°C), both...Ch. 4 - Rank the following molecules from lowest to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 12ECh. 4 - For each molecule below, draw the conjugate acid...Ch. 4 - For each structure you drew in the answer to the...Ch. 4 - Mark each of the following statements True or...Ch. 4 - Organic chemistry is a bit like cooking. Later in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 17ECh. 4 - Prob. 18ECh. 4 - Are endothermic reactions favorable or...Ch. 4 - Prob. 20ECh. 4 - Is bond formation endothermic or exothermic? Write...Ch. 4 - Summarize the relationship between pKa and acid...Ch. 4 - Summarize the relationship between pKa and base...Ch. 4 - Prob. 25ECh. 4 - Consider the following bases: a. For each base...Ch. 4 - Prob. 27ECh. 4 - The following are equivalent ways of asking about...Ch. 4 - Prob. 29E
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 8.36 Why are dispersion forces attractive?arrow_forwardA sample of sulfur weighing 0.210 g was dissolved in 17.8 g of carbon disulfide, CS2 ( Kb=2.43 C/m). If the boiling point elevation was 0.107 C, what is the formula of a sulfur molecule in carbon disulfide?arrow_forwardA special vessel (see Fig. 10.45) contains ice and supercooled water (both at 10C) connected by vapor space. Describe what happens to the amounts of ice and water as time passes.arrow_forward
- Ice floats because of the electronegativity of oxygen that withdraws electron density from the covalently bonded hydrogens. This results in a permanent dipole, leaving a partial positive charge on the hydrogens. The extra electron density on the oxygen leaves a partial negative charge. Therefore, water is a polar molecule and has the ability to form hydrogen bonds. These properties explain many of water's characteristics, including why ice is less dense than liquid water. Sort the following images into phases of water. 1. Drag and drop options on the right-hand side and submit. For keyboard navigation... SHOW MORE ✓ Image 1 Image 2 2. Image 3 = ||| 3. State of water that is most dense Molecules with lowest kinetic energy Phase of water present at highest temperature K 7 Openarrow_forward4. Water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid. A. Why can solid ice float on liquid water? B. When a lake freezes, how does the density of water prevent all of the living organisms in the lake from freezing as well? OEL r TE OT 1arrow_forward4. CH4 and CCl4 reach its melting points of similar non-polar compounds. This interaction is Dipole-dipole b. Dispersion Which of the following statement is TRUE? CH4 is polar: dispersion forces. b. HBr is a non-polar molecule: dipole-dipole forces and there are also dispersion forces between HBr a. Ion-dipole d. Intermolecular C. 5. a. molecules. SO2 is a non-polar molecule: dipole-dipole forces where there are also dispersion forces between SO2 molecules. C. d. The hydrogen bond is a special dipole-dipole interaction between the hydrogen atom in a polar N-H, O-H, or F-H bond and an electronegative O, N, or F atom. Which of the following can form a hydrogen bond in water? CH;OCH3 b. CH4 6. a. C. Na" d. НСООНarrow_forward
- 4. Draw a representation of how you might expect a sample of H,0 molecules to arrange themselves. What type of intermolecular forces exists between water molecules? 5. Look up the structure of DNA and identify the intermolecular forces that support the double helical shape of DNA.arrow_forward35. Which substance would be predicted to be more soluble in water? BF3 C6H14 a. b. NCI3 CCI4 с. d.arrow_forward11.Why do water molecules tend to stick to each other to form a liquid? A.Because of their bent shape, the oxygen nucleus of one molecule is unshielded and can attract the hydrogen nucleus of another. B.The exposed charge on hydrogen's protons are attracted to unshared electron pairs on oxygen atoms. C.The hydrogen atoms form negative ions that can make ionic bonds with oxygen. D.Water molecules can share electrons with neighboring molecules forming strong covalent bonds.arrow_forward
- Determine whether each pair of compounds forms a homogeneous solution when combined. For those that form homogeneous solutions, indicate the type of forces that are involved.a. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 and CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3b. CBr4 and H2Oc. LiNO3 and H2Od. CH3OH and CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3arrow_forward22. The dipole-dipole interactions experienced when H is bonded to N, O, or F are unusually strong. We call these interactions Covalent bonds Polar bonds d. Weak bond a. C. b. Hydrogen bonds. 23. What is the correct chemical formula of water? a. НО b. HO с. Н20 d. 2HO 24. How many molecules of water make up a one raindrop? a. Tens C. Thousands b. Hundreds d. Millionsarrow_forwardWhich molecule ( CH3OH or CH4 ) has a greater vapor pressure and why?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Chemistry
ISBN:9781938168390
Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher:OpenStax
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079243
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning