Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 25, Problem 5TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The Oparin–Haldane theory of the origin was discovered by two scientists, Aleksandr I. Oparin and J. B. S. Haldane, which tells that the prehistoric earth’s atmosphere enabled numerous reduction reactions that produced a large number of organic molecules.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
What are enzymes?
A. Enzymes are biological catalysts made up of amino acids
B. Enzymes are biological catalysts that create an
environment to lower the energy expenditure to break "old"
bonds.
C. Enzymes are biological catalysts that provide a
mechanism to make unfavorable reactions proceed.
D. Enzymes are biological catalysts that require cofactors to
effect catalysis
E. Enzymes are biological catalysts that provide the means
to channel chemical energy to allow biological
transformations to occur
A) Briefly explain what oxygen is?
B) Is the surplus of oxygen in our atmosphere a requirement for life, or a product of life?
provide 3 points of evidence with explanation of each point
In a highly high-temperature environment, you placed an enzyme and some substrates. You've seen that there hasn't been any reaction. Applying what you have learned on enzyme activity, how would you explain what occurred?
A. The enzyme was not placed at a pH level that would allow it to react at its maximum rate.
B. There are not enough enzymes for the reaction to occur.
C. The enzyme may have denatured or broken down due to the high temperature of the environment, resulting in no reaction.
D. There are not enough substrates for reaction to occur.
Substrate concentration affects enzyme activity. Determine what would occur when there are too many substrates and fewer enzymes?
A. No enzyme activity would occur.
B. The reaction rate would continuously increase.
C. The reaction would speed up tremendously.
D. Maximal rate of reaction would occur.
Enzyme activity mainly involves the active site and the substrate. How would you compare the active site from the substrate?
A. The substrate…
Chapter 25 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 25.1 - Why is the reducing nature of early Earths...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 25.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 25.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 25.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 25.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 25 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 25 - Which of the following is not a characteristic of...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 25 - According to the OparinHaldane hypothesis, the...
Ch. 25 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 25 - In a population of self-replicating RNA molecules,...Ch. 25 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 25 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 25 - Prob. 3ITD
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which statements concerning free energy change are true?a. Free energy change is a measure of the rate of a reaction.b. Free energy change is a measure of the maximum amountof work available from a reaction.c. Free energy change is a constant for a reaction under anyconditions.d. Free energy change is related to the equilibrium constantfor a specific reaction.e. Free energy change is equal to zero at equilibrium.arrow_forwardThere may be more than correct answer for each Which of the following statements regarding enzymes are correct? a.) Enzymes lower activation energy b.) Enzymes are synthesized in the mitochondria c.) Enzymes show a high degree of specificity for substrates. d.) Enzymes stabilize intermediates The ability of DNA to denature is important for which of the following processes? a.) DNA synthesis b.) nucleic acid hybridization experiments c.) RNA synthesis d.) formation of biomembranesarrow_forwardWhat statements concerning free energy change are true or false? a. Free energy change is a measure of the rate of a reaction. b. Free energy change is a measure of the maximum amount of work available from a reaction. c. Free energy change is a constant for a reaction under any conditions. d. Free energy is related to the equilibrium constant for a specific reaction. e. Free energy change is equal to zero at equilibriumarrow_forward
- The Miller-Urey experiment used a closed system containing simple gases like ammonia, methane and water vapor, through which an electric current could flow. They found that molecules like amino acids could be produced. What did the experiment show?arrow_forwardWhich of these statements concerning enzymes is correct? a. Enzymes increase the rate of reactions but are permanently changed as a result. b. Enzymes are proteins that function as catalysts. c. Enzymes increase the activation energy requirement for a reaction to occur. d. Enzymes usually can only double the rate of a chemical reaction. e. Enzymes increase the kinetic energy of the reactants.arrow_forwardThe Miller- Urey Experiment In the Stanley Miller and Harald Urey designed experiments that tested Alexander Oparin's and J.B.S. Haldane's hypothesis that conditions on the primitive Earth favored chemical reactions that synthesized more complex organic compounds from simpler organic precursors. Miller and Urey used an apparatus that recreated the conditions of what a primitive Earth was thought to consist of at the time. Methane, hydrogen , and steam were all Included to recreate conditions similar to that of a primitive Earth. Their goal was to create complex organic molecules from the simple organic molecules that were believed to be part of primitive Earth's makeup. The Miller- Urey experiment was run for a week and the samples collected were analyzedAnalysis showed that some of the carbon in the apparatus was converted to amino acids molecules, In later experiments , similar to Miller and Urey's, it has been shown that it is possible to form all 20 amino acids commonly found in…arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are false. A. Peptide bonds are the only covalent bonds that can link two amino acids together in proteins. B. Inhibition of an enzyme either decreases Km or increases Vmax. C. Many membrane bound proteins have alpha helices comprised of nonpolar amino acids that span the membrane. D. Although living cells generate order (by surviving, growing and forming complex macromolecules), they do not defy the second law of thermodynamics. A and B A and C B and C А, В and C B and Darrow_forwardAcross 14.) Enzyme that removes hydrogens 12 15.) type of reactions that break down larger molecules into monomers typically release energy 14 15 7. 8. 16.) all the chemical reactions that occur in an organism 10 11 12 Down 13 14 9.) type of reactions that build up larger molecules from monomers typically require energy 15 16 17 18 10.) type of respiration that does not require oxygen 19 12.) process of forming ATP from ADP & P through 20 3.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. thermodynamics b. bioenergetics c. entropy d. enthalpy e. free energyarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is FALSE? Select one: a. Enzymes lower the amount of energy needed for a reaction. b. Enzymes are chemically unchanged during the actual catalytic process. c. Enzymes speed up the attainment of a reaction equilibrium. d. Enzymes make reactions 103 to 1020 times faster.arrow_forwardAll chemical reactions are theoretically reversible. However, many biological reactions are irreversible. Which factor(s) contribute to the irreversibility of biological reactions? a. high energy requirementsb. product removalc. state of chemical equilibriumd. a and be. a, b, and carrow_forwardThe element phosphorus is needed in organisms to builda. proteins.b. carbohydrates.c. ATP.d. steroidsarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
What is Metabolism?; Author: Stated Clearly;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRq6N5NGD1U;License: Standard youtube license