Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 5TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The process of natural selection conserves the alleles of high fitness and those individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce. These alleles express the
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Which of the following is false?
a.
The color of a fruit fly's eyes is a trait.
b.
The instructions for producing a trait are found in a gene that controls the physical expression of that trait.
c.
A gene can have different alleles that can specify different traits, such as red or brown eye color.
d.
The trait is influenced by the gene, independent of the environment.
e.
By studying the patterns of traits over generations of an organism, the genetic composition of an organism can be deduced.
Which of the following statements about dominant traits is correct?
a.
The dominant trait is the one that is expressed.
b.
They are observed three-fourths as frequently as heterozygous traits.
c.
They are observed less frequently than recessive traits.
d.
They increase in frequency over evolutionary time.
e.
The dominant trait is typically masked by the recessive trait.
Stabilizing selection on a trait tends toa. make the trait more extreme.b. reduce variability in the trait.c. decrease the frequency of alleles associated with the trait.d. result in elaborate male ornaments.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 21.1 - If a population of skunks includes some...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.1 - What factors contribute to phenotypic variation in...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 21.2 - Why is the Hardy-Weinberg principle considered a...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.3 - Which agents of microevolution tend to increase...Ch. 21.3 - Which mode of natural selection increases the...Ch. 21.3 - In what way is sexual selection like directional...Ch. 21.4 - How does the diploid condition protect harmful...
Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.5 - How can a biologist test whether a trait is...Ch. 21.5 - Why are most organisms adapted to the environments...Ch. 21 - The reason spontaneous mutations do not have an...Ch. 21 - The phenomenon in which chance events cause...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 21 - Which of the following represents an example of...Ch. 21 - A population of mice is at HardyWeinberg...Ch. 21 - If the genotype frequencies in a population are...Ch. 21 - An Eastern European immigrant carrying the allele...Ch. 21 - If a storm kills many small sparrows in a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 21 - Discuss Concepts Many human diseases are caused by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 21 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking Captive breeding...Ch. 21 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 21 - Design an experiment to test the hypothesis that...Ch. 21 - Peter and Rosemary Grant of Princeton University...
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- Which of the following is the definition of the term named Homozygous? a.Refers to genes that have identical alleles b.Genetic constitution of an organism c.Alternative form of a gene d.Trait expressed in the F1 generation e.Fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity f.Physical expression of traits of an organismarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best describe the equation P = G + E + (G X E)?* a. The phenotype is the sum of the genotype and the environment. b. The phenotype of an organism is determined by its genetic traits. c. The phenotype is the total characteristics displayed by an organism that results from the expression of the genes as well as the influence of environmental factors. d. The phenotype is the observable and measurable characteristics of an organism as a result of the interaction of the genes of the organism, environmental factors, and random variation.arrow_forwardA gene for a particular trait that is expressed when two copies (homozygous) or just one copy of the same allele are present (heterozygous), is called a(n): A. Dominant trait. B. Codominant trait. C. Incompletely dominant trait. D. Recessive trait. E. Multiple allele.arrow_forward
- Relative fitness a. refers to the survival rate of one phenotype compared to that of another. b. is the physical condition of an individual’s siblings and cousins. c. refers to the reproductive success of a phenotype. d. None of the choices is correct.arrow_forwardAll of the following are considered a quantitative trait, EXCEPT? a. A trait that has a continuously varying phenotype in the population. b. A trait that is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. c. A trait that has multiple genes that contribute to the phenotype. d. A trait that is influenced by one gene that follows complete dominance inheritance patterns.arrow_forwardAn organism with a wild-type phenotype has a. the most common expression of a gene in a population. b. only the dominant allele for a gene. c. only the recessive allele for a gene. d. an appearance different from others in the population.arrow_forward
- You are examining the gene in your snail population that confers resistance to a parasite. There are multiple alleles at this locus. Identify the characteristics that would result in the greatest increase in allele frequency (not necessarily the greatest allele frequency) in one single generation of the resistant allele. Answer Resistant allele acts… Initial resistant allele frequency… Selection strength is… a. dominantly high weak b. recessively low strong c. dominantly low strong d. recessively high weak a. Answer a. b. Answer b. c. Answer c. d. Answer d.arrow_forwardA gene exists in two alleles, and the heterozygote has the highest fitness. This situation is likely to result in a. directional selection. c. disruptive selection. b. stabilizing selection. d. balancing selection.arrow_forwardA type of bird on an island makes nests in both tree roots and in tree branches at various heights from the ground. A ground snake invades the island and eats eggs or chicks from nests in tree roots and low tree branches. Part A: What type of selection is operating on the height at which the bird places its nest? A. Stabilizing B. Balancing C. Directional D. Disruptive What's the rationale? What effect will this selection have on the trait phenotype (height of nest)? Answer based on chart linkedarrow_forward
- If two or more different genotypes do not respond to environmentalvariation in the same way, this outcome is due toa. a genotype-environment association.b. a genotype-environment interaction.c. the additive effects of alleles.d. both a and b.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not describe a gene? A. A gene is the observable characteristics or traits B. All are correct C. Agene is a stretch of DNA that produces one or more genetic traits D. A gene is the basic unit of genetic information for a specific traitarrow_forwardIn the context of genetic influence on individual differences, the degree of genetic influence typically a. increases from infancy through childhood, and then decreases from childhood through adulthood. b. decreases from infancy through adulthood. c. remains stable from infancy through adulthood. d. increases from infancy through adulthood.arrow_forward
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