Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 6E
Compare asteroids of the asteroid belt with Earth-approaching asteroids. What is the main difference between the two groups?
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What is the purpose of the asteroid belt?
The diameter of an asteroid is 954 km and its mass is 9.4 x 1020 kg. What is the density in g/cm3?
g/cm3
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O rock (2.5-5 g/cm3)
O mix (between 1-2.4 g/cm3)
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The asteroid Hygiea has a mass of 8.67 x 1019 kg and an average radius of about 216 km (2.16 x 102 km). What is its escape velocity (in m/s)? (Hints: Use the formula for escape velocity,
2GM
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r
e
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 13 - Why are asteroids and comets important to our...Ch. 13 - Give a brief description of the asteroid belt.Ch. 13 - Describe the main differences between C-type and...Ch. 13 - In addition to the ones mentioned in Exercise...Ch. 13 - Vesta is unusual as it contains what mineral on...Ch. 13 - Compare asteroids of the asteroid belt with...Ch. 13 - Briefly describe NASA’s Spaceguard Survey. How...Ch. 13 - Who first calculated the orbits of comets based on...Ch. 13 - Describe the nucleus of a typical comet and...Ch. 13 - Describe the two types of comet tails and how each...
Ch. 13 - What classification is given to objects such as...Ch. 13 - Describe the origin and eventual fate of the...Ch. 13 - What evidence do we have for the existence of the...Ch. 13 - Give brief descriptions of both the Kuiper belt...Ch. 13 - Give at least two reasons today’s astronomers are...Ch. 13 - Suppose you were designing a spacecraft that would...Ch. 13 - Suppose you were designing a spacecraft that would...Ch. 13 - Suppose a comet were discovered approaching the...Ch. 13 - We believe that chains of comet fragments like...Ch. 13 - Why have we found so many objects in the Kuiper...Ch. 13 - Why is it hard to give exact diameters for even...Ch. 13 - Refer to Example 13.1. How would the calculation...Ch. 13 - Refer to Example 13.1. How would the calculation...Ch. 13 - The calculation in Example 13.1 refers to the...Ch. 13 - If the Oort cloud contains 1012 comets, and ten...Ch. 13 - The mass of the asteroids is found mostly in the...Ch. 13 - Make a similar estimate for the mass of the Kuiper...Ch. 13 - What is the period of revolution about the Sun for...Ch. 13 - What is the period of revolution for a comet with...
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- Explain why the planet Venus is differentiated, but asteroid Fraknoi, a very boring and small member of the asteroid belt, is not.arrow_forwardGive a brief description of the asteroid belt.arrow_forwardThe mass of the asteroids is found mostly in the larger asteroids, so to estimate the total mass we need to consider only the larger objects. Suppose the three largest asteroids-Ceres (1000 km in diameter), Pallas (500 km in diameter), and Vesta (500 km in diameter)-account for half the total mass. Assume that each of these three asteroids has a density of 3 g/cm3 and calculate their total mass. Multiply your result by 2 to obtain an estimate for the mass of the total asteroid belt. How does this compare with the mass of the Oort cloud?arrow_forward
- Give at least two reasons today’s astronomers are so interested in the discovery of additional Earthapproaching asteroids.arrow_forwardWhat evidence indicates that the asteroids are mostly fragments of larger bodies?arrow_forwardWhich meteorites are the most useful for defining the age of the solar system? Why?arrow_forward
- Why do astronomers conclude that asteroids were never part of a full-sized planet?arrow_forwardAnnual meteor showers occur when the Earth passes through the orbital path of acomet. The intensity of these showers vary from year to year. Which of the following may bethe reason for this? Group of answer choices - Meteor showers are not caused by comet debris - Sun's temperature - en distribution of debris along comet's orbit - Earth's rotation axisarrow_forwardThe asteroid Pallas has a mass of 2.11 x 10^20 kg and an average radius of about 2.6 km (2.56 x 10^2 km) What is the escape velocity in (m/s). (Hint: use the formula for escape velocity; remember to concert units to m, kg, & s). ________ m/s could you jump off the asteroid? -yes -noarrow_forward
- Re-order the numbers so the events occur in the correct order, with the oldest event as number 2, and the youngest event as number 13. 2. Now at roughly 100% of present-day mass and the asteroid bombardment over, Earth begins cooling and differentiating. As the outer layer of the Earth cools and solidifies, lighter elements and compounds rise to the surface while the denser ones sink to the core 3. The now differentiated ice, gas, and dust of the solar accretion disc conglomerates together into asteroids from gravity 4. "The Big Whack" A Mars-sized protoplanet we call Theia collides with primitive Earth, adding even more energy and mass 5. The Big Bang 6. As the early atmosphere cools, water vapor is eventually cool enough to condense into liquid water, eventually covering the planet in an ocean 7. The debris from the collision of Earth and Theia produce a ring in orbit. This ring eventually coalesces into the Moon, just as Earth coalesced from the solar accretion disc 8. A nebula…arrow_forwardThe asteroid Vesta has a mass of 2.59 x 1020 kg and an average radius of about 263 km (2.63 x 102 km). What is its escape velocity (in m/s)? (Hints: Use the formula for escape velocity, V. = 2GM -; remember to convert units to m, kg, and s.) m/s Could you jump off the asteroid? O Yes O Noarrow_forward
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