Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 7TYK
Which of the following would not inhibit signal transduction?
a. Phosphate groups are removed from proteins.
b. Endocytosis acts on receptors and their bound signals.
c. Receptors and signaling molecules separate.
d. Receptors and bound signaling molecules enter lysosomes.
e. Autophosphorylation targets the cytoplasmic portion of the receptor.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following are methods of cellular signaling?
Select one:
a. All the answers are correct.
b. Connections through fibers of the ECM from one cell to another
c. Ligand binding to a receptor in the cell membrane
d. Desmosomes ‘pulling’ one cell to another
e. Lipid or gas ligand binding to an intracellular receptor
A small number of cell surface receptors and low amounts of signals (ligands) can generate a large intracellular response as each step of the signal transduction pathway can be expanded by...
A. gene amplification, i.e. increasing the number of target genes.
B. enzyme-mediated signal amplification, e.g. phosphorylation cascades.
C. the synthesis of new proteins.
D. ATP Synthase, e.g. by building proton (H+) gradients.
Receptor downregulation often occurs via endocytosis as a means of turning off a signaling pathway. How does receptor-
mediated endocytosis result in turning off signaling?
O A. Receptor-mediated endocytosis shuts off signaling through polyubiquitination and degradation of the receptor by the
proteasome.
B. It doesn't. Signaling continues until the endosome fuses with the lysosome.
) C. Signaling is shut off rapidly through the budding of endosomes into themselves forming multivesicular bodies. This sequesters
the cytoplasmic tail from intracellular signaling proteins.
D. Receptor-mediated endocytosis shuts off signaling by sorting receptors to recycling endosomes.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 9.1 - What accounts for the specificity of a cellular...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 9.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 4SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 5SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 6SBCh. 9.4 - What distinguishes a steroid receptor from a...
Ch. 9.4 - By what means does a specific steroid hormone...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 1SBCh. 9 - In signal transduction, which of the following is...Ch. 9 - Which of the following could not elicit a signal...Ch. 9 - A cell that responds to a signaling molecule is...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 9 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 9 - Which of the following is incorrect about pathways...Ch. 9 - Which of the following would not inhibit signal...Ch. 9 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 9 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 9 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 9 - Discuss Concepts Describe the possible ways in...Ch. 9 - Discuss Concepts Is providing extra insulin an...Ch. 9 - Discuss Concepts There are molecules called GTP...Ch. 9 - Discuss Concepts Why do you suppose cells evolved...Ch. 9 - How would you set up an experiment to determine...Ch. 9 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 9 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 9 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 9 - Prob. 3ITD
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Carbon monoxide is a deadly gas. This is due to its quick activation of specific signaling pathways in cells of our body. Since this is a gas, it most likely uses.... Select one: a. A transmembrane cell surface receptor since it cannot pass through cell membranes b. A voltage-gated ion channel receptor since it creates a charge when crossing the cell membrane c. An intracellular receptor since it can easily diffuse across a membranearrow_forwardWhich of the following would be considered second messengers of a signaling pathway? Select one: a. A kinase enzyme b. A scaffolding protein holding three kinases c. Adenyl cyclase d. All answers are examples of second messengers e. A sugar like inositol f. Ligand gated channelarrow_forwardWhat type of cell signaling receptor is depicted below a. Cytoplasmic Receptor b. Transmembrane Receptor c. Intracellular Receptor d. Nuclear Receptorarrow_forward
- A researcher tested Compound A on chemotaxing cells and measured the relative amount of filamentous actin found in the cells at different times. Based on the researcher’s observations on filamentous actin, what other observation regarding cell chemotaxis was MOST likely observed? A. The cell moved toward the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A. B. The cell moved away from the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A. C. The cell first moved toward and then away from the signaling molecule after the addition of Compound A. D. The cell did not move toward or away from the signaling molecule after the addition of Compound A.arrow_forwardSignal transduction pathways benefit cells for all of the following reasons except : a. they enable different cells to respond appropriately to the same signal. b. they can amplify and diversify a signal. c. they help cells use up phosphate generated by ATP breakdown. d. they help cells respond to signal molecules that are too large or too polar to cross the plasma membranearrow_forwardMany common medications function by interrupting the normal operation of certain signal transduction pathways. Which of the following describes a possible mechanism by which a certain medication may interrupt a signal transduction pathway? A A medication enters the target cell and triggers apoptosis by causing the release of di- gestive enzymes from cell lysosomes. B A medication interacts with the phospholipid bi-layer of the cell membrane and in- creases its permeability. с D A medication binds to membrane-bound glucose proteins and acts as an allosteric in- hibitor that prevents the intake of glucose by the cell. A medication diffuses through the membrane of a target cell and inhibits an enzyme that normally synthesizes a second messenger.arrow_forward
- Which of the following elements may be in the transduction part of cell signaling? Select one: a. A phosphatase b. A kinase c. cyclin AMP d. ions e. All answers are correctarrow_forwardChemotaxis is a process by which cells migrate toward higher concentrations of a signaling molecule. The signaling molecule binds cell-surface receptors that result in actin polymerization at the cell membrane. Actin polymerization results in the formulation of filamentous actin that exerts a force and leads to protrusion of the leading edge. A researcher tested Compound A on chemotaxing cells and measured the relative amount of filamentous actin found in the cells at different times. Use the EGF Pathway passage to answer the questions. Part A Which of these structures, if present in a prokaryote, would prevent the organism from using this type of actin polymerization to chemotax toward a signal? A. cell wall B. flagellum C. mitochondrion D. ribosome Part B In the model proposed, which of these events MOST likely occurs to facilitate chemotaxis? A. Integrins anchor the cell to extracellular components. B. Motor proteins move actin toward the leading edge. C. Mitochondria migrate…arrow_forwardIdentify which of the following statements is a lie? Select one: a. The docking of ligands to the receptor causes receptor-associated proteins to activate another protein to continue the signaling cascade and one example of this event is the binding of epidermal growth factor (EGF) to the EGF receptor . b. Ligands are important to initiate signal Transduction pathway. c. Ligands detach from the cell surface receptor in order to change the conformation of the receptor and initiate the signaling pathway.arrow_forward
- Chemotaxis is a process by which cells migrate toward higher concentrations of a signaling molecule. The signaling molecule binds cell-surface receptors that result in actin polymerization at the cell membrane. Actin polymerization results in the formulation of filamentous actin that exerts a force and leads to protrusion of the leading edge. A researcher tested Compound A on chemotaxing cells and measured the relative amount of filamentous actin found in the cells at different times. Use the EGF Pathway passage to answer the questions. Part B In the model proposed, which of these events MOST likely occurs to facilitate chemotaxis? A. Integrins anchor the cell to extracellular components. B. Motor proteins move actin toward the leading edge. C. Mitochondria migrate away from the leading edge. D. Desmosomes anchor the cell to other cells. My answer to Part B is (b) motor proteins move actin toward the leading edge. But your answer is (d). Can you please explain why B…arrow_forwardWhich of the following signaling mechanisms is not a switch mechanism? a. Changes in phosphorylation state b. Binding of GTP c. Binding of Ca2+ ion d. Protease activityarrow_forwarda universal feature of cell signaling receptors is that they? a. undergo a structural (shape) change when the signal molecule is bound b. are present only in the plasma membrane c. are only ion channels d. are protein kinases e. aer only nuclear receptorsarrow_forward
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Intro to Cell Signaling; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dbRterutHY;License: Standard youtube license