Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8, Problem 13Q
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Horizontal gene transfer is a process through which an organism can incorporate DNA of other organism. It is common in bacteria and viruses and involves three steps: transduction, conjugation, and translation.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 8.1 - Define the terms genome and gene.Ch. 8.1 - Differentiate between genotype and phenotype.Ch. 8.1 - Draw a segment of DNA, labeling all important...Ch. 8.1 - Summarize the steps of bacterial DNA replication,...Ch. 8.1 - Compare and contrast the synthesis of leading and...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 1NPCh. 8.2 - Provide an overview of the relationship among DNA,...Ch. 8.2 - Identify important structural and functional...Ch. 8.2 - Draw a picture of the process of transcription.Ch. 8.2 - List the three types of RNA directly involved in...
Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 10AYPCh. 8.2 - Identify the locations of the promoter, the start...Ch. 8.2 - Indicate how eukaryotic transcription and...Ch. 8.2 - NCLEX PREP 2. The following are all true of RNA,...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 3NPCh. 8.3 - Define the term operon, and explain one advantage...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 8.4 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 8.4 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 8.5 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 8.5 - Differentiate among frameshift, nonsense, silent,...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 8.5 - Prob. 1MMCh. 8.6 - Explain the importance of restriction...Ch. 8.6 - List the steps in the polymerase chain reaction.Ch. 8.6 - Describe how you can clone a gene into a...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 23AYPCh. 8.6 - Prob. 24AYPCh. 8.6 - Name two genetic techniques that are designed to...Ch. 8.6 - NCLEX PREF 4. A client is being treated with...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 2MMCh. 8 - Single nucleotide polymorphisms are found in a....Ch. 8 - Using your knowledge of DNA from this chapter,...Ch. 8 - Conduct research on CRISPR and explain in...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is a characteristic of RNA?...Ch. 8 - List some advantages and disadvantages to a cell...Ch. 8 - Construct an argument for why tRNA contains a lot...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7QCh. 8 - Discuss the intersection between the metabolome...Ch. 8 - Defend this statement: All of biology is dependent...Ch. 8 - DNA is semiconservative because the ______ strand...Ch. 8 - Examine the DNA triplets here and determine the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 12QCh. 8 - Prob. 13QCh. 8 - Prob. 14QCh. 8 - Metagenomics is providing insight into the...Ch. 8 - The creation of biological molecules and cells...Ch. 8 - Prob. 17QCh. 8 - Genetically modified organisms (GMOs)especially in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 19QCh. 8 - Construct an analogy using your clothes closet to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 21QCh. 8 - Prob. 1VC
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- Some strains of Escherichia coli bacteria have acquired the ability to produce the harmful Shiga toxin, normally produced by Shigella dysenteriae. Which statements best explain why this occurs? Mark all that apply. A. conjugation between two different species of bacteria allowed both strains of bacteria to express a virulence factor B. transformation resulted in expression of a virulence factor C. horizontal gene transfer between different species of bacteria D. transduction of a specific gene resulted in expression of new traitsarrow_forwardIn prokaryotic cells, mRNA is translated as soon as it is transcribed because prokaryotes have... A. No nuclear membranes B. Fewer genes than eukaryotes C. Genes contained in plasmids D. A and Barrow_forwardA form of genetic transfer that involves the uptake of a fragment of DNA from the environment is calleda. conjugation.b. transduction.c. transformation.d. all of the above.arrow_forward
- Which process of DNA transfer in bacteria requires a virus? a. Conjugation b. Transduction c. Transformation d. All of the abovearrow_forwardA small nonessential circular DNA molecule in prokaryotes is called a: a. plasmid b. telomere c. bacteriophage d. prophagearrow_forwardTargeting topoisomerase or DNA gyrase with an inhibitory antibiotic would inhibit which of the following processes in the bacterial cell? A.Peptidoglycan synthesis B.Plasma membrane synthesis C.Translation D.DNA replicationarrow_forward
- Which of the following is defined as transformation? A. Transfer of genetic information via a plasmid B. Virus infects a host and deposits genetic material C. Free floating DNA is uptaken D. Transfer of genetic information from one bacterium to another 5.arrow_forwardSynthesis of proteins occurs by the process of A. replication B. cytokinesis C. translation D. ossification E. transcriptionarrow_forwardWhich of the following mutations would be the LEAST likely to have a harmful effect on an organism? A. insertion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene B. a single nucleotide substitution that produces a codon that codes for the same amino acid C. a single nucleotide insertion near the end of the coding sequence D. a single nucleotide insertion close to the start of the coding sequencearrow_forward
- 5) Pathogenic bacteria such as Mycobacterium tubercuosis tend to become resistant to antibiotics used to treat them over time. This resistance arises because a. individual bacteria undergo mutations when exposed to an antibiotic b. individual bacteria are able to adapt to the presence of an antibiotic c. individual bacteria become tolerant to an antibiotic over time d. some individual bacteria have mutations that make them resistant when the drug is first appliedarrow_forwardA.) DNA encodes for the cell genome and is therefore a permanent copy to have a functioning cell. B.)Different changes to the structure of messenger RNA can cause mutations and genomic instability which could lead to abnormal cells in the body. a. Statement A is correct b. Statement B is correct c. Both A and B are correct d. Both A and B are incorrectarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a DNA sequence? a. TAG b. AUGAUUCT d. AAAAAAAAAA e. CGGarrow_forward
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genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Va8FZJEl9A;License: Standard youtube license