Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20.4, Problem 1MQ
Summary Introduction
The biofilm contains any syntrophic association of microorganism in which cells stick to a surface. These sticky cells become fixed within a greasy extracellular matrix that is composed of EPS (extracellular
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Which of the following is not true about biofilms
a) are caused by many Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria as well as algae and fungi
b) are highly contagious
c) are hard to treat due to impermeability to drugs
Biofilms often consist of multiple species of bacteria.True or false?
Which of the following are ways in which forming a biofilm can make a bacterial
infection more difficult to fight off or treat? Choose all that apply.
Bacteria in biofilms can cause the immune system to attack human cells
Bacteria in biofilms can have increased antibiotic resistance
Bacteria in biofilms can no longer move
Bacteria in biofilms are difficult for white blood cells to engulf
Chapter 20 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.1 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.1 - How does a microbial population differ from a...Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.2 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.2 - What is a biogeochemical cycle? Give an example...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.3 - Prob. 2MQ
Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.4 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.4 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.6 - Which phylum of Bacteria dominates bacterial...Ch. 20.6 - What factors govern the extent and type of...Ch. 20.6 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.6 - In what soil horizon are microbial numbers and...Ch. 20.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.9 - What did the Deepwater Horizon spill tell us about...Ch. 20.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.9 - Why is release of sulfide from oxygen minimum...Ch. 20.10 - How does Ostreococcus differ from Prochlorococcus?...Ch. 20.10 - How does the organism Prochlorococcus contribute...Ch. 20.10 - How does Roseobacter differ from Prochlorococcus?Ch. 20.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.11 - What is proteorhodopsin and why is it so named?...Ch. 20.11 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.11 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.11 - Why are dilute culture media used for isolating...Ch. 20.11 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.12 - What molecular adaptations are found in...Ch. 20.12 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.13 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.13 - What alternative sources of energy are suggested...Ch. 20.13 - Deep-sea sediments show decreasing nutrient levels...Ch. 20.14 - How does a warm hydrothermal vent differ from a...Ch. 20.14 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.14 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.14 - Would you expect to find the same types of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 1AQCh. 20 - Prob. 2AQCh. 20 - Global warming has been suggested to result in...
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- Which of the following is the best definition of the word extremophile? bacteria that can withstand very acidic conditions bacteria that can withstand very salty conditions archaea that can withstand temperatures over 120°C bacteria that are able to live in extreme conditionsarrow_forwardDescribe why bacterial biofilms can be a threat to human health.arrow_forwardWithin a biofilm: cells are randomly distributed. cells are protected from easy penetration of larger molecules including disinfectants and antibiotics. dry conditions lead to stasis. oxygen is limiting.arrow_forward
- If it takes 2 hours for a population of bacteria to grow from 100 cells to 1600 cells, what is the generation time of this bacterial species? 15 minutes 20 minutes 30 minutes 40 minutesarrow_forwardList three (3) advantages microbes have when living in a biofilm, as compared to planktonic growth. Then explain how each biofilm advantage impacts human health.arrow_forwardBiofilms represent an important environmental niche. A) How does growth on a surface differ from growth in a suspended laboratory culture? (In other words: How do biofilm-forming cultures differ from planktonic cultures) B) Describe the stages of biofilm development including cellular and extracellular components?arrow_forward
- Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. They are not as easily treated compared with those involving free-floating (or planktonic) bacteria. Explain three reasons why biofilms can be more pathogenic.arrow_forwardBacterial growth depends on many environmental factors, including the temperature of the environment. Since microbes can survive in a certain range of temperatures and will thrive at a temperature, understanding these variables allows for control of their growth. This understanding can be used, for example, to preserve certain foods or to treat infections. This lab simulation will use an instrument called a spectrophotometer. This instrument quantitatively measures the amount of light that is absorbed or transmitted by molecules in solution. Microbial populations grow at different rates based on temperature. One way to measure growth is by turbidity measurements. When bacteria multiply in a broth culture they turn the clear solution cloudy, or turbid. a) in your own words explain the proper steps to Inoculate 5°C sterile broth tube using aseptic techniquearrow_forwardYour team suggests changing the temperature of the oil spill site in order to enhance the bioremediation process. Do you consider this decision effective? Why and why not? Explain, in your answer, the effect of changing the zone tension on the homeostasis capacity of the bacteria you use and their ability to withstand the osmotic pressure of the new surrounding solvent. In your answer, state how osmosis works and state the degree of tension of the solution (isotonic, hypertonic or hypotonic). Explain why osmosis is really just a special case of facilitated diffusionarrow_forward
- Microorganisms are needed in wastewater treatment facility to do the actual breakdown and removal of nutrients and organic matter in the waste matter. One day, the employee who is in-charge of the facility notice that as the time goes by after the wastewater was loaded into the medium the metabolic activity of the microbe cease to increase and remain stable instead. Within the context of our discussion, what could be the possible explanation for the employee’s observation?arrow_forwardBiofilms are often formed on artificial surfaces in the human body. During medical procedures, when artificial joints, intravenous catheters, urinary catheters are placed and injections are made, commensals/mutualists may be introduced into new sites in the body and there they may form biofilms. Which statement below is NOT a reason to explain why such bacteria living in biofilms are so difficult to eliminate? O layers of biofilm prevent phagocytes from killing bacteria O layers of biofilm acts a a diffusion barrier against antibiotics O biofilm stimulates bacteria to grow continually in the log/exponential phase of growth O layers of biofilm acts a a diffusion barrier against antibodies/immunoglobulins O bacteria often in stationary phase of growtharrow_forwarda)Describe how the bacterial cell acts like a fuel cell. b) Is it sustainable? Explain.arrow_forward
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