Concept explainers
To explain:
What type of microbial blooms might be triggered if the sewage plant releasing sewage containing high levels of ammonia, phosphate and very low levels of organic carbon. How would the graphs of oxygen beyond and near the plant’s release point vary from the graph?
Concept introduction:
A type of waste water that generated by the community of individual is called as the sewage. It is also called as domestic waste water or municipal waste water. It is indicated by the rate of flow or volume, chemical, toxic constituents and physical condition. Mostly the sewage consists of human waste, detergents and soaps.
Explanation of Solution
The release of very low levels of organic carbon, high levels of phosphate and ammonia from a sewage treatment plant would activate the growth of cyanobacteria, algae and nitrifying the bacteria that will oxidize ammonium (NH4+) to NO3+. The graph of oxygen shows difference that decrease nearby the outflow due to the presence of small organic carbon and the organism which respires aerobically would not consume it at a comparable amount.
Further, the cyanobacteria and blooms are contributing to increase the dissolved oxygen levels nearby the release point of the sewage due to oxygenic photosynthesis. However, the initial blooms of cyanobacteria and algae has finally results in decreased dissolved oxygen. Because the phototrophs mass start to decompose and die by the aerobic bacteria which will consume the oxygen present in the water.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 20 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
- Which of the following could be an effect of an excess ofsewage running into a freshwater reservoir?(a) It could cause the water to become polluted and nonpo-table.(b) It could cause an increase in the biological oxygen de-mand (BOD).(c) It could cause oxygen depletion, leading to an increasein the anaerobic microbial population.(d) Large quantities of organic wastes could be left behind,killing off many plants and animals or causing animalsto migrate.(e) All of the above.arrow_forwardof the following organisms, which one can counteract the overload of CO2 in the atmosphere? choose the correct alternative:a) bacteriab) zooplanktonc) fungusd) detritivorese) diatomsarrow_forwardImagine a sewage plant that is releasing sewage containinghigh levels of ammonia and phosphate and very low levels oforganic carbon. Which types of microbial blooms might betriggered by this sewage?arrow_forward
- Which process allows water to enter the atmosphere? A) Transpiration B) Respiration C) Condensation D) Evaporationarrow_forwardWhich of these are known to host chemosynthetic communities? a) Hydrothermal vent O b) Hydrocarbon seep c) Hypersaline seep d) All of the above.arrow_forward10) The graph describes the relative rates of metabolism that occur at different depths in a lake. I. Evaluate the figure and indicate whether the letters A and D represent only the respiration rate of the organisms. A) TrueB) false II. Evaluate the figure in indicate what the productivity observed at 10 meters is due to. A) Excess nutrients on the surface.B) High temperatures.C) The turbinez of the water at 10 meters.D) The availability of the Light. III. Part of the energy that is not transferred to subsequent trophic levels is used by organisms for their vital processes. What happens to the remaining energy? A) is used in reproduction.B) It is removed as heat.C) It is stored as a reserve of nutrients.D) It is stored as body tissue.arrow_forward
- Refer to the following graph of Carbon Assimilation vs. Irradiance of several cultures of dinoflagellates in the northern Baltic Sea. Samples were treated with varying levels of pH. What is the effect of pH on the metabolism of the cultures? a) The growth of the culture is limited by increasing pH. b) The growth of the culture is increased by increasing pH. c) The growth of the culture is not limited by increasing pH. d) The growth of the culture is not affected by increasing pH or increasing irradiation.arrow_forwardAn over growth of microbes can decrease dissolved oxygen levels to the point where organisms cannot survive True or false ?arrow_forwardAdding high levels of nutrients to a lake or inshore area wouldhave all of the following effects in that environment excepta) death of clams and crabs.b) increased growth of heterotrophic microbes.c) increased growth of photosynthetic organisms.d) increased levels of dissolved O2 .arrow_forward
- Why does secondary treatment of wastewater require O2? A. Secondary treatment relies on anaerobic microbes to oxidize organic material. B.Secondary treatment relies on anaerobic microbes to reduce organic material. C.Secondary treatment relies on aerobic microbes to oxidize organic material. D.Photosynthetic bacteria are involved in secondary treatment and they require O2. E. Flocs require oxygen to facilitate biofilm formation.arrow_forwardWhich gas is not a pollutant?arrow_forwardThe process by which microbes break down food and paper waste into nutrient-rich humus is called: Question 2 options: A) eutrophication B) sludging C) oxygen recycling D) compostingarrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education