Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 8PDQ
What observations are consistent with the conclusion that DNA serves as the genetic material in eukaryotes? List and discuss them.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 10 - Would an experiment similar to that performed by...Ch. 10 - In sea urchin DNA, which is double stranded, 17.5...Ch. 10 - German measles results from an infection of the...Ch. 10 - What vital clues were provided by Franklins work...Ch. 10 - Was it ethical for Wilkins to show Franklins...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3CSCh. 10 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we first focused...Ch. 10 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 10 - Discuss the reasons proteins were generally...Ch. 10 - Contrast the contributions made to an...
Ch. 10 - When Avery and his colleagues had obtained what...Ch. 10 - Why were 32P and 35S chosen for use in the...Ch. 10 - Does the design of the HersheyChase experiment...Ch. 10 - What observations are consistent with the...Ch. 10 - What are the exceptions to the general rule that...Ch. 10 - Draw the chemical structure of the three...Ch. 10 - How are the carbon and nitrogen atoms of the...Ch. 10 - Adenine may also be named 6-amino purine. How...Ch. 10 - Draw the chemical structure of a dinucleotide...Ch. 10 - Describe the various characteristics of the...Ch. 10 - What evidence did Watson and Crick have at their...Ch. 10 - What might Watson and Crick have concluded had...Ch. 10 - How do covalent bonds differ from hydrogen bonds?...Ch. 10 - List three main differences between DNA and RNA.Ch. 10 - What are the three major types of RNA molecules?...Ch. 10 - How is the absorption of ultraviolet light by DNA...Ch. 10 - What is the physical state of DNA after it is...Ch. 10 - What is the hyperchromic effect? How is it...Ch. 10 - Why is Tm related to base composition?Ch. 10 - What is the chemical basis of molecular...Ch. 10 - What did the WatsonCrick model suggest about the...Ch. 10 - A genetics student was asked to draw the chemical...Ch. 10 - Considering the information in this chapter on B-...Ch. 10 - One of the most common spontaneous lesions that...Ch. 10 - In some organisms, cytosine is methylated at...Ch. 10 - Because of its rapid turnaround time, fluorescent...Ch. 10 - Prob. 31ESPCh. 10 - Newsdate: March 1, 2030. A unique creature has...Ch. 10 - During gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules can...Ch. 10 - DNA and RNA are chemically very similar but are...Ch. 10 - Electrophoresis is an extremely useful procedure...
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- While the three previous paragraphs put on some details about enzymes, a Russian physician and chemist named Phoebus Levene focused on the three major components of a single nucleotide (phosphate, pentose sugar, and nitrogenous base) in 1919. He was also the first to discover the carbohydrate component of RNA (ribose), and carbohydrate component of DNA (deoxyribose). Years later, Levene finally identified how DNA and RNA molecules are put together Then in 1937, Hans Krebs discovered the most famous (probably) process that occur during cell respiration. This series of chemical reactions has three names such as the Citric Acid Cycle, Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and Krebs Cycle. In this process, glucose and oxygen is converted to carbon dioxide, water, and energy. While working on bacterial samples, Oswald Avery first suggested in 1944 that the genetic material of the cell was possibly the deoxyribonucleic acid. In the middle of the 20th Century, Erwin Chargaff began to oppose Levene's…arrow_forwardWhat is meant by the term DNA sequence?arrow_forwardWhat is the methyl group-containing nucleobase composition of a double- stranded eukaryotic DNA with 52,000 bases that contains 22% bicyclic nucleobases characterized to have both an amino group and a keto group? (Instructions: Do NOT put spaces or commas or additional words/letters/units; Type in your answer in NUMERICAL FORM with the following format: 1234567)arrow_forward
- According to Chargaff's rule of nitrogenous base pairing, which of the following statements is correct? If all adenine bonds to thymine and all cytosine pairs with guanine, then the sum of all adenine will never be equal to the sum of all thymine in a DNA molecule. If all adenine bonds to thymine and all cytosine pairs with guanine, then the sum of all adenine will never be equal to the sum of all thymine in an RNA molecule. If all adenine bonds to thymine and all cytosine pairs with guanine, then the sum of all adenine equals the sum of all thymine in a DNA molecule. If all adenine bonds to uracil and all cytosine pairs with guanine, then the sum of all adenine will never be equal to the sum of all uracil in an RNA molecule.arrow_forwardWhat will be the order of amino acids derived from the following DNA sequence 5’-TGATCGCACAAT-3’? Explain briefly. (1.5) If the base G (denoted by an asterisk) in the sequence 5’-TGATCG*CACAAT-3’ is replaced by C due to a mutation, the new sequence will be 5’-TGATCCCACAAT-3’ what will be the new amino acid sequence? Explain briefly. (1.5) If the anticodon sequence of a tRNA is 5’-GCG-3’, what amino acid will it carry? Explain briefly. (1.5) What would be the effect of mutation if the C is changed to A in the anticodon? Explain briefly. (1.5)arrow_forwardProvide an explanation for why in DNA, the base G is always base paired with C and A is always base paired with T?arrow_forward
- What is the meaning of the term genetic material?arrow_forwardAs we have focused on DNA, the molecule that stores genetic information in all living things. In particular, we discussed its structure and delved into how we analyze this molecule. Based on your knowledge of these topics,answer several fundamental questions: Question: How do we know that the structure of DNA is in the form ofa right-handed double-helical molecule?arrow_forwardGiven the following eukaryotic DNA strand, transcribe and translate the DNA into apolypeptide using the 3’ – 5’ strand as the template. You may use drawings, diagrams,colours and annotations to describe how the DNA strand will be synthesized into afunctional protein. (KEY: The letters SBMD are “made up” nucleic acids that depict non-coding regions in theDNA, hypothetically S pairs with B and M pairs with D).2.2. Describe what are missense mutations and its effects on structure and function usinghaemoglobin as an example (8).5’ - TATAAAAASSMSBMDATGSBDCCMBDBAATBSMDSTGTGTCCTMSBAG – 3’arrow_forward
- The sequences of several short single-stranded DNA molecules are shown below. Imagine each sequence as a typical double-stranded DNA molecule, with antiparallel strands held together by Watson-Crick base- pairs between the complementary bases. Which of these double-stranded molecules would have the highest melting temperature (Tm)? 5' ACTGAGTCTCTGACTAGTCT 3' 5' ACTTAGTCTATGACTAGTCT 3' 5' ACTTAATCTATGAATAGTCT 3' 5' ACTGCGTCTCCGACTAGTCT 3' 5' ACTGCGTCTCCGACGAGCCT 3'arrow_forward11) Examine the following two DNA sequences. Sequence 1: ATGCGATGCTAGCAT Sequence 2: ATGCGATGATAGCAT If both of these sequences code for proteins, how might the function of protein 2 differ from the function of protein 1? Use the table below for assistance. U C A G บบน UUC UUA UUG CUU CUC CUA CUG U Phe GUUT GUC GUA GUG Leu Leu AUU AUC lle AUA AUG Met or Start Val Ceweg 232 www... UCU UCC UCA UCG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU ACC ACA ACG C GCU GCC GCA GCG Ser Pro Thr Ala CAU CAC CAA CAG A AAU AAC AAA AAG UAU U UAC C UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp G Tyr GAA GAG His Gin Asn Lys GAU GAC Asp G c] Glu UGU UGC CGU CGC CGA CGG AGU AGC AGA AGG GGU GGC GGA GGG Cys Arg Ser Arg Gly U C A G U C A G U C A G by Calin me press A) Protein 1 and protein 2 will function exactly the same. B) Protein 1 will be shorter than protein 2, so they will not function the same. C) Protein 2 will be shorter than protein 1, so they will not function the same. D) Protein 2 has a different sequence, so it will function…arrow_forwardAn analysis is performed to determine the proportions of each of the four nucleotide bases in the DNA of several tissue samples from various species. The results appear in the table. Human Chicken Yeast E. coli % Adenine % Guanine (A) (G) 31 20 28 21 32 18 26 25 % Thymine % Cytosine (T) 30 29 33 24 Which conclusions can be drawn from this data? (C) 19 22 17 25 The proportion of G is roughly equal to the proportion of C. The proportion of A is roughly equal to the proportion of T. The proportion of pyrimidines is roughly equal to the proportion of purines. The proportion of A-T base pairs is roughly equal to the proportion of G-C base pairs.arrow_forward
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