Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 3NST
German measles results from an infection of the rubella virus, which can cause a multitude of health problems in newborns. What conclusions can you reach from a viral
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German measles results from an infection of the rubella virus, which can cause a multitude of health problems in newborns. What conclusions can you reach from a nucleic acid analysis of the virus that reveals an A + G/U + C ratio of 1.13?
Streptococci are divided into different groups called serotypes. Consult this or other textbooks and explain what determines the different serotypes (A-O) of streptococci?
Heinz Shuster collected the following data on the base composition of ribgrass mosaic virus (H. Shuster, in The Nucleic Acids: Chemistry and Biology, vol. 3, E. Chargaff and J. N. Davidson, Eds. New York: Academic Press, 1955). On the basis of this information, is the hereditary information of the ribgrass mosaic virus RNA or DNA? Is it likely to be single stranded or double stranded? Percentage A G C T U Ribgrass mosaic virus 29.3 25.8 18.0 0.0 27.0
Chapter 10 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 10 - Would an experiment similar to that performed by...Ch. 10 - In sea urchin DNA, which is double stranded, 17.5...Ch. 10 - German measles results from an infection of the...Ch. 10 - What vital clues were provided by Franklins work...Ch. 10 - Was it ethical for Wilkins to show Franklins...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3CSCh. 10 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we first focused...Ch. 10 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 10 - Discuss the reasons proteins were generally...Ch. 10 - Contrast the contributions made to an...
Ch. 10 - When Avery and his colleagues had obtained what...Ch. 10 - Why were 32P and 35S chosen for use in the...Ch. 10 - Does the design of the HersheyChase experiment...Ch. 10 - What observations are consistent with the...Ch. 10 - What are the exceptions to the general rule that...Ch. 10 - Draw the chemical structure of the three...Ch. 10 - How are the carbon and nitrogen atoms of the...Ch. 10 - Adenine may also be named 6-amino purine. How...Ch. 10 - Draw the chemical structure of a dinucleotide...Ch. 10 - Describe the various characteristics of the...Ch. 10 - What evidence did Watson and Crick have at their...Ch. 10 - What might Watson and Crick have concluded had...Ch. 10 - How do covalent bonds differ from hydrogen bonds?...Ch. 10 - List three main differences between DNA and RNA.Ch. 10 - What are the three major types of RNA molecules?...Ch. 10 - How is the absorption of ultraviolet light by DNA...Ch. 10 - What is the physical state of DNA after it is...Ch. 10 - What is the hyperchromic effect? How is it...Ch. 10 - Why is Tm related to base composition?Ch. 10 - What is the chemical basis of molecular...Ch. 10 - What did the WatsonCrick model suggest about the...Ch. 10 - A genetics student was asked to draw the chemical...Ch. 10 - Considering the information in this chapter on B-...Ch. 10 - One of the most common spontaneous lesions that...Ch. 10 - In some organisms, cytosine is methylated at...Ch. 10 - Because of its rapid turnaround time, fluorescent...Ch. 10 - Prob. 31ESPCh. 10 - Newsdate: March 1, 2030. A unique creature has...Ch. 10 - During gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules can...Ch. 10 - DNA and RNA are chemically very similar but are...Ch. 10 - Electrophoresis is an extremely useful procedure...
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- Heinz Shuster collected the following data on the base composition of ribgrass mosaic virus (H. Shuster, in The Nucleic Acids: Chemistry andBiology, vol. 3, E. Chargaff and J. N. Davidson, Eds. New York: Academic Press, 1955). On the basis of this information, is the hereditary information of the ribgrass mosaic virus RNA or DNA? Is it likely to be single stranded or double stranded?arrow_forwardThe molecular weight of the RNA of poliovirus is 2.6x106 amu. How long would it take for it to travel the distance between two conversing people 1.0 m apart by diffusion in still air? (use very rough assumptions: density of spherical virus is 1 gm cm-3 and viscosity of air 1.0x10-5)arrow_forwardA virus has a double-stranded RNA genome that has 2400 base-pairs. Of these, 35 % are G:C base-pairs. How many uracil nucleotides would be present in this virus?arrow_forward
- a variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been found in brazil. this variant contains the mutation K417N, where the amino acid K has been mutated to the amino acid N. K and N refers to the one letter codes of the amino acids. a) state the names of the amino acids K and N. b) state one difference between the properties of these 2 aminoacidsarrow_forwardSeveral cell culture lines of epithelial cells, called “Cell Line A, B, or C,” are incubated with 104 infectious particles of influenza virus, and viral titers in the culture media are measured 2 days later. Looking at the results of this experiment, it is apparent that the three lines do not all show the same response to the virus. To investigate these differences, mixing experiments are performed, where cells from two different cell lines are mixed together at a 1:1 ratio before the Influenza infection. Based on the results shown in the figure below, propose an explanation for these data.arrow_forwardOne of the key biological characteristics of SARS-COV-2, as well as several other viruses, is the presence of spike proteins that allow these viruses to penetrate host cells and cause infection. With your knowledge about proteins, which best explain how denaturating agents such as alcohol, and detergents become effective in battling against SARS-CoV 2? O Denaturating agents were able to destroy the spike protein by detaching it to the virus, losing its ability to infect host. Denaturating agents were able to kill the viruses such as SARS-COV-2, therefore, they will no longer able to infect the host Denaturating agents were able to hydrolyze the spike protein to produce free amino acids, therefore, the function of the protein is now lost. Denaturating agents were able to disrupt the native structure of the spike protein, losing its ability to infect host.arrow_forward
- Viruses are made up of the same biomolecules as cellular organisms (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.). They infect cells and replicate themselves using resources from the host cells. Scientists discovered a previously unknown strain of virus in the tropical Pacific Ocean and it can infect higher-order eukaryotes. Initial analysis revealed that the virus is mainly composed of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Chemical analysis after complete hydrolysis revealed the following building blocks (by weight): Chemical components Nucleosides Amino acids Lipids, phosphates, and carbohydrates Percentage by weight 20 30 50 Analysis of percentages of nucleosides yielded the following results (by molar ratio): Nucleosides A G T C U Percentage by mole 19 29 19 29 4 Researchers determined that the lipids found in the virus form a bilayer membrane surrounding the virus, and are obtained from the membrane of the host cell during virus maturation and exit from host cell. Further…arrow_forwardImagine that you are a student in Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase’s lab in the late 1940s. You are given five test tubes containing E. Coli bacteria infected with T2 bacteriophages that have been labeled with either 32P or 35S. Unfortunately, you forget to mark the tubes and are now uncertain about which tubes is which. You performed their blender experiment and got the following results. Which tube out of these 5 contains E. Coli infected with 32P-labeled phage? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardEscherichia coli dsDNA contains 51% GC on a molar basis. What are the mole percentages of A, T, G and C respectively?arrow_forward
- Below is the DNA base sequence for the normal protein for normal hemoglobin and the base sequence for (abnormal) sickle cell hemoglobin: Normal GGG CTT CTT TTT Sickle GGG CAT CTT TTT A)Transcribe and translate the normal and sickle cell DNA. B)Identify this as a point or frameshift mutation. Explain.arrow_forwardA particular virus with DNA as its genetic material has the following proportions of nucleotides: 20% A, 35% T. 25% G, and 20% C. How can you explain this result?arrow_forward10 mL of a bacteriophage suspension is mixed with 5 mL of a bacterial culture and 25% of the phages adsorb. The bacteriophage suspension has a concentration of 4x1018 viruses per mL, and the bacterial culture had a concentration of 6x1014 bacteria per mL. How many viruses are adsorbed per cell (multiplicity of infection)? What fraction of the cells is uninfected? What fraction of the cells is single infected? What fraction of the cells is multiple infected?arrow_forward
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