Concept explainers
Interpretation:
Out of the two shown structures, the resonance structure that makes a greater contribution to the resonance hybrid is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Resonance structures are alternate Lewis structures that can be drawn for a molecule. All the resonance structures do not contribute equally to the resonance hybrid. The structure with the lowest energy contributes the most. A greater number of atoms (other than hydrogen) with an octet of electrons and a greater number of covalent bonds results in a lower energy structure. A lower number of atoms with formal charges also leads to a lower energy structure.
Formal charge (FC) on an atom is calculated as
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Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
- Draw all reasonable resonance structures for the following compounds. Be sure to show the proper arrows to indicate electron movementarrow_forwardDraw the resonance structure that results from the following electron flow arrows. Note: Include formal charges and lone pairs where applicable.arrow_forwardDraw all the reasonable resonance structures for the following which delocalizes the negative charge on different atoms. You must use electron pushing arrows notation to show the conversion of a resonance structure into another for full credit.arrow_forward
- Draw a reasonable resonance structure for the following species. Draw out all bonds to the oxygen atom in your answer.arrow_forwardDraw the best Lewis structure for HCN and determine the formal charge on the nitrogen. Please just put in single number for answer. If it is positive no need for the +, if it is negative, please use the -.arrow_forwardWhich of the following species is a valid resonance structure of A? Use curved arrows to show how A is converted to any valid resonance structure. When a compound is not a valid resonance structure of A, explain why not.arrow_forward
- Which of the following species (B, C,D) is a valid resonance of A? Use curved arrows to show how A is converted to any valid resonance structure.arrow_forwardConsider the Lewis structure shown for thionitromethane. Draw the major resonance structure for the compound shown; include lone pairs of electrons, formal charges, and condensed hydrogen atoms (located in the More menu). Then draw curved arrows to show how this can be converted to the Lewis structure given.arrow_forwardDraw the curved arrows to show the resonance structure for the following molecules. ( there are 3 molecules )arrow_forward
- The next part of the problem is to draw the resonance hybrid. (Exclude formal charges) I’m not sure where to put the dotted resonance lines of the hybrid structure.arrow_forwardBelow are two sets of resonance structures. Where applicable provide the missing curved arrow notation, lone pair electrons, and nonzero formal charge. Do not delete or add any bonds or atoms.arrow_forwardSee image and include any lone pairs and any charges as wellarrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning