We will explore the impact of cache capacity on performance, focusing exclusively on the data cache and excluding instruction storage in the caches. Cache access time is directly linked to its capacity. For the sake of simplicity, let's assume that accessing the main memory takes 100ns, and in a specific program, 50% of instructions involve data access. Two distinct processors, denoted as P1 and P2, are engaged in executing this program. Each processor is equipped with its own L1 cache. L1 size L1 Miss Rate L1 Hit Time P1 64 KB 3.6% 1.26 ns P2 128 KB 3.1% 2.17ns (a) What is the AMAT for P1 and P2 assuming no other levels of cache?

We will explore the impact of cache capacity on performance, focusing exclusively on the data cache and excluding instruction storage in the caches. Cache access time is directly linked to its capacity. For the sake of simplicity, let's assume that accessing the main memory takes 100ns, and in a specific program, 50% of instructions involve data access. Two distinct processors, denoted as P1 and P2, are engaged in executing this program. Each processor is equipped with its own L1 cache. L1 size L1 Miss Rate L1 Hit Time P1 64 KB 3.6% 1.26 ns P2 128 KB 3.1% 2.17ns (a) What is the AMAT for P1 and P2 assuming no other levels of cache?

Systems Architecture

7th Edition

ISBN:9781305080195

Author:Stephen D. Burd

Publisher:Stephen D. Burd

Chapter4: Processor Technology And Architecture

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2PE: If a microprocessor has a cycle time of 0.5 nanoseconds, what’s the processor clock rate? If the...

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Let us assume we have a CPU which supports both 3-address and 2-address instruction. The length of the instruction is 20 bits. The processor contains 64 registers. With proper reasoning and steps explain: 1. If we take minimum number of 3-address instructions, then how many maximum 2-address instruction is supported by the processor? 2. If we take maximum number of 3-address instructions, then how many minimum 2-address instruction is supported by the processor?
Consider a processor running a program. 30% of the instructions of which require a memory read or write operation if the cache bit ratio is 0.95 for instructions and 0.9 for data. When a cache bit occurs for instruction or for data, only one clock is needed while the cache miss penalty is 17 clocks to read/write on the main memory. Work out the time saved by using the cache, given the total number of instructions executed is 1 million.
Consider the execution of a program that results in the execution of 8 million instructions on a 400-MHz processor. The program consists of four major types of instructions. The instruction mix and the CPI for each instruction type are given below. What is the program execution time in the second? Instruction Type Arithmetic and logic Load/store with cache hit Branch Floating-point arithmetic operation Execution Time: sec CPI 3 4 3 9 Instruction Mix (%) 60 20 12 8
A program sees a 4% miss rate on both the Instruction Cache and the Data Cache. Every instruction requires access to the Instruction cache. Only 35% of the instructions require data access from the Data Cache. The miss penalty for either the data or the instruction cache is 100 cycles. Assume the average Clocks per Instruction (CPI) is 2 without any memory stalls (this is a hypothetical machine where if there were no misses on that instruction, it would get executed in 2 clock cycles. We are not worrying about how it is implemented, just, that suppose it was possible). Assume the number of instructions in a program is X. F1: What is the number of 'instruction miss cycles'? (The number of clock cycles lost due to a miss on the Instruction Cache) F2: What is the number of 'data miss cycles'? F3: What is the total run time of the program including the missed cycles dues to data and instruction misses? F4: What is the ratio of the actual run time (from question F3 above) to the…
A program sees a 4% miss rate on both the Instruction Cache and the Data Cache. Every instruction requires access to the Instruction cache. Only 35% of the instructions require data access from the Data Cache. The miss penalty for either the data or the instruction cache is 100 cycles. Assume the average Clocks per Instruction (CPI) is 2 without any memory stalls (this is a hypothetical machine where if there were no misses on that instruction, it would get executed in 2 clock cycles. We are not worrying about how it is implemented, just, that suppose it was possible). Assume the number of instructions in a program is X. F1: What is the number of 'instruction miss cycles'? (The number of clock cycles lost due to a miss on the Instruction Cache) F2: What is the number of 'data miss cycles'? F3: What is the total run time of the program including the missed cycles dues to data and instruction misses?
A program sees a 4% miss rate on both the Instruction Cache and the Data Cache. Every instruction requires access to the Instruction cache. Only 35% of the instructions require data access from the Data Cache. The miss penalty for either the data or the instruction cache is 100 cycles. Assume the average Clocks per Instruction (CPI) is 2 without any memory stalls (this is a hypothetical machine where if there were no misses on that instruction, it would get executed in 2 clock cycles. We are not worrying about how it is implemented, just, that suppose it was possible). Assume the number of instructions in a program is X. F3: What is the total run time of the program including the missed cycles dues to data and instruction misses? F4: What is the ratio of the actual run time (from question F3 above) to the fictitious run time if there were no cache misses at all?
Asap
A microprocessor has an on-chip 2-way set associative cache with a total capacity of 8 kByte. Each line in cache can store sixteen 8-bit words. It has a total addressable space of 16 MBytes. Consider the following CPU instruction: Load AB1234., will store the result in set number; a. B1H O b. 24H O c. 12H O d. 23H
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A typical computer system has a MM of size 4Gwords, and a 4-way cache memory of 256Kwords. The cache line size is 128words, while the cache miss penalty is 100 clock cycles. a) How many sets are in that cache? what is the tag size? b) Suppose the same cache described in part a is used, the CPU generates the following MM address to read an instruction from the MM in case of a cache miss. Address generated by CPU: n = #003EF6FH n= What would be the word number the CPU is requested? In which MM block this word should belongs to? Also, in which cache set this word and the whole MM block must be stored? e) If the cache hit time is 1 clock cycle, what is the hit rate would be required to achieve an AMAT equal to 3.86 clock cycle?
.4 Consider a microprocessor that has a block I/O transfer instruction such as that found on the 28000. Following its first execution, such an instruction takes five clock cycles to re-execute. However, if we employ a nonblocking I/O instruction, it takes a total of 20 clock cycles for fetching and execution. Calculate the increase in speed with the block I/O instruction when transferring blocks of 128 bytes.
The memory access time is I nanosecond for read operation with a hit in cache. * nanoseconds for a read operation with a miss in cache, 2 nanoseconds for a write operation with a hit in cache and 10 anoseconds for a write operation with a miss in cache. Execution of a sequence of instructions involves 100 instruction fetch operations, 60 memory operand read operations and 40 memory operand write operations. The cache hit-ratio is 0.9. The average memory access time (in nanoseconds) in executing the sequence of instructions is