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- Recombination in Sexually and asexually Reproducing Organisms ASSIGNMENT 1. What is the importance of Gregor Mendel's Law of Inheritance in Molecular Biology? 2. What is the importance of Recombinant DNA Technology in the Molecular Laboratory? 3. Describe how DNA moves from cell to cell by: a. conjugation b. transduction c. transformation10:25 Name_ Bio320 What is lignin and its role in plants? Why can reducing the amount of lignin in trees enhance the efficiency of cellulostic-ethanol production? Why can't trees be genetically engineered without any lignin at all? 5Gº Why are transgenic approaches rather than traditional breeding being used to create trees with altered levels of lignin? Where can you find the only company in the USA that makes transgenic trees that are found in forests? Go to this company's website. What type of endangered tree are they trying to survive? AA moodle22-23.coastal.edu18. Shown below are the results of a series of coinfections of E. coli B using T4 rlI- strains similar to those employed by Benzer in his deletion mapping experiment. Each strain contains a different deletion mutation. The ability to produce wild-type progeny phage is indicated by (+), (0) indicates no wild-type progeny. A D A B D E Which order of deletions is most consistent with this data? a. CDBEA b. DCEAB C. ABECD d. CDEAB e. EDCBA
- SCi 7. Superhelical Density Bacteriophage A infects E. coli by wi integrating its DNA into the bacterial chromosome. The suc- cess of this recombination depends on the topology of the E. coli DNA. When the superhelical density (ơ) of the E. coli DNA is greater than -0.045, the probability of integration is <20%; when o is less than -0.06, the probability is –70%. the at lor 10 sic Plasmid DNA isolated from an E. coli culture is found to have is a length of 13,800 bp and an Lk of 1,222. Calculate o for this DNA and predict the likelihood that bacteriophage A will be 14 able to infect this culture. sisGenome for C. diphtheriae have about 2,500,000 nucleotides, 87% of them are coding. This ingle circular chromosome contains 2,389 genes from which 2,272 proteins are coded. It does not contain any plasmids. The genome contains Pathogenicity Islands (PAIs), which C. diphtheriae has 13. What is a PAI and what are their characteristics?Why would an individual with a mutation that prevented the formation of recombination nodules be considered less fit than other members of its species?
- OO HUAWEI nova 2 Plus DUAL CAMERA In bacteria, which of the following is/are considered as a mechanism of defense against bacteriophage infection? O a. Indigo dye O b. Xanthan gum О с. Restriction enzyme d. Ascorbic acid e. Amino acids If you are interested to clone your gene of interest to produce a product for commercial use you will use start material for your cloning. as a O a. Gênomic DNA O b. Complementary DNA O C. mRNA O d. Plasmid DNA and CDNA e. Plasmid DNA NEXT PE E PAGEYou are analyzing the intracellular DNA intermediates formed during the replication of the single-stranded (ss) DNA phage M13. In a replication mutant, you find accumulation of DNA molecules with the following properties:Results of a 0.7% agarose gel electrophoresis run at pH 8.0 – gel is running top tobottom, with the origin at the top of the diagram. The smudges indicate several bandswith slightly different migration rates. open circle M13closed circle M13 Left lane — markers (wild-type open circle M13 and closed circle M13)2nd lane — DNA extracted from mutant M13 phage cells3rd lane — DNA extracted from mutant M13 phage cells denatured4th lane — DNA extracted from normal M13 phage cellsRight lane — DNA extracted from normal M13 phage cells denaturedProfiles from a 5 – 20% sucrose gradient centrifuging of the mutant M13 phage DNA The arrow on the neutral (pH 7.4) gradient shows the position of the covalently closed circular DNA. On the alkaline (pH 12.5) gradient, note two peaks…2005) Bsal 6. On the left is a diagram of the pUC19 plasmid, which is composed of 2,686 bp. Numbers on the plasmid and next to each restriction enzyme cut site represent a base pair (bp) measurement from an arbitrary starting point (0) going in the clockwise direction. On the right is a diagram of an electrophoresis gel. A standard molecular weight (MW) ladder is in the far-left lane, labeling the position of DNA fragments of known sizes from 0.5-10 kb. Lanes 1-5 are DNA bands observed from digestion of the plasmid with one or more of the restriction enzymes. 2500 11500 ori PUC19 2686 bp Sspl (1266) 9 B -HindIII (632) BamHI (662) EcoRI (683) kb 10.0, 8.0 6.0. 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.5 1.0 <0.5 MW 1 | || 2 3 4 5 a. Which lane(s) shows the DNA fragmentation pattern produced by digestion of the plasmid with either EcoRI, Bsal, OR Ssp1? Briefly explain your answer. b. Cutting this plasmid with restriction enzymes Bsal AND Ssp1 would result in DNA fragments of what sizes? Which lane(s) of the gel…
- Kpnl 4. Plasmid Z has a size of 7 kb, and the map shows Kpnl (K) and Pstl (P) cut sites relative to each other. This plasmid was digested with three different restriction enzymes 2000 bp 3500 bp Kpnl (K), Pstl (P) and Bgll (B) either alone or in combination and the samples run on an agarose gel as shown below. Where does Bgll (B) cut this plasmid ? Does the plasmid have one recognition site or two for Bg|l? Describe the Bgll cut site in this plasmid relative to the Kpnl cut Plasmid Z -7 kb Pstl site. How many bases to the left or right of the Kpnl cut site would you observe the Bgll cut site. Explain briefly. 1500 bp Pstl Ladder Kpni Psti K/P Bgl K/B KPB 7000 bp 7000 bp 5600 bp 5500 bp 4900 bp 3500 bp 2000 bp 1500 bp 1500 bp 1500 bp 1400 bp 600 bp %3DSal1 Xho1 Insert pUC cloning vector MCS Insert Digested with Sal1 on the left and Xho1 on the right Sal1 Ori Vector Digested with Sal1 Xho1: СТСGAG Sal1: GTCGAC RE cut site Part B) After 8 h of sleep, you realize your mistake above (Question 3 Part A), and you successfully transformed your plasmid and obtained a subset of white colonies and blue colonies on the plate. Question: You conclude that all the blue colonies contain a plasmid O With the insert in the LacZ screening marker With the insert in the Antibiotic selectable marker O Without an insert in the LacZ screening marker O None of the above + Lacz alpha AmpRSummary table of data for one yeast DNA microarray. Shows 14 of the 6,200 genes on the full microarray. Also contained in the data is the location of each spot on the microarray. Block Column Row Red 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Gene Name tubl tub2 sec1 sec2 sec3 act1 act2 fus 1 idp2 idp1 idh1 idh2 erd1 erd2 2,345 3,589 4,109 1,500 1,246 1,937 2,561 2,962 3,585 2,796 2,170 1,896 1,023 1,698 Green 2,467 2,158 1,469 3,589 1,258 2,104 1,562 3,012 1,209 1,005 4,245 2,996 3,354 2,896 Red: Green Ratio 0.95 1.66 2.80 0.42 0.99 0.92 1.64 0.98 2.97 2.78 0.51 0.63 0.31 0.59 Induced or Repressed? In the table above, write down if the gene is induced, repressed, or equally expressed.