A radiolabeled glucose solution is utilized as a nutrient source for a human myocyte in order to investigate the metabolic response under several conditions. This system was subjected to different conditions, and the CO2(g) emitted is captured using carbon sequestration apparatus. The radioactivity of the sequestered gas is then measured. The following are the conditions (a to d). Arrange them in terms of expected radioactivity of the captured gas noting that higher radioactivity corresponds to increased concentration of CO2(g). Unless otherwise stated, all of these conditions are at room temperature. Explain the trend in 4 to 5 sentences. a. 1.0 M phosphate buffer, pH = 6.8 b. 0.1 M Nak c. 0.1 M citric acid d. 100 °C
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- Penicillin is hydrolyzed and thereby rendered inactive by penicillinase, an enzyme present in some resistant bacteria. The mass of this enzyme in Staphylococcus aureus is 29.6 kd. The amount of penicillin hydrolyzed in 1 minute in 10 ml solution containing 10–9 g of purified penicillinase was measured as a function of the concentration of penicillin. Assume that the concentration of penicillin does not change during the assay. [Penicillin] µM Amount hydrolyzed (nanomoles) 1 0.11 3 0.25 5 0.34 10 0.45 30 0.58 50 0.61 a) Plot V0 versus [S] and 1/V0 1/[S]. Does penicillinase appear to obey Michaelis-Menten kinetics? b) What is the value of KM? c) What is the value of Vmax? d) What is the turnover number of penicillinase under these conditions?Human serum albumin is another protein that has an extremely long half life in the body. Due to this, the low probability event, glycation does take place. Write a rate law for this reaction: Rate = k[glucose] Rate = k[hemoglobin] Rate = k [glucose hemoglobin albumin]In active muscle cells, the pO2 is about 10 torr at the cell surface and 1 torr at the mitochondria(the organelles where oxidative metabolism occurs). Calculate the percentage of bound oxygentransported to the mitochondria of muscle cells by myoglobin (KD = 2 torr).
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