Prelim 2 Practice
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Prelim 2 Practice
BIOG 1440, Spring
Thermoregulation, circulation, salt and water balance, excretion & kidney function, microbiota,
digestion
Multiple Choice Questions
1.
Which of the following statements about the ratio of an animal’s surface area to its
volume, SA:V, is FALSE?
a.
Volume influences heat of metabolism, whereas conduction, convection and
evaporation are more influenced by surface area.
b.
As animals get bigger, their volume increases faster than their surface area.
c.
Some large poikilotherms have a ratio that allows them to be endotherms once
they heat up in the morning.
d.
Bigger animals have a larger SA:V ratio, and smaller animals have a smaller one.
e.
The behavioral strategy of curling up in the cold can beneficially alter the animal’s
effective ratio.
2.
You find yourself in a really hot and humid environment. Which of the following heat
transfer mechanisms and associated actions should you employ as the most effective
cooling strategy?
a.
Conduction - You decide to stand in front of a fan
b.
Convection - You decide to hold a cold bottle to your forehead
c.
Evaporation - You decide to let sweat naturally cool you down through
evaporation
d.
Conduction - You decide to sit in a cold and calm pool of water
3.
A red blood cell (RBC) produced in the bone marrow of your leg gets into the femoral
vein and begins its journey. Which of the following statements describes the correct
sequence that the RBC will travel in one cardiac cycle? (Note that not all structures in
the journey are named, you are just looking for the correct order)
a.
right atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, aorta, lung capillary bed
b.
left ventricle, lung capillary bed, right atrium, right ventricle, aorta
c.
inferior vena cava, right ventricle, alveolus, aorta, cerebral capillary bed
d.
lung capillary bed, left ventricle, left atrium, aorta, leg capillary bed
4.
Which of the following statements is FALSE about the myogenic rhythm of hearts
a.
insect hearts have a myogenic rhythm
b.
the rate depends on the leakage of sodium ions into myocytes
c.
the transmitter acetylcholine can speed the heart rhythm
d.
the myogenic rhythm can be modified by transmitters that change the resting
potential of myocytes
e.
the myocytes that generate the rhythm are located in the right atrium
5.
The closed circulatory system of mammals requires a strong pump to generate the high
pressure needed to move blood around the circuits. Which of the following is FALSE
about our vascular system?
a.
The elasticity of the aorta allows continued pressure as the left ventricle relaxes
b.
Hydrostatic pressure is important for excretory filtration
c.
Blood flows faster in the pulmonary artery than in a single capillary in your brain
d.
Vessel diameter can be modified by hormones and neurotransmitters
e.
Blood pressure is the same everywhere in the circuit, but velocity changes with
vessel diameter
6.
The insect open circulatory system is inefficient compared to a high pressure, closed
circuit like ours, but they have evolved adaptations to make-up for the inefficiency. Which
of the following statements describes such adaptations?
a.
Oxygen is carried by a separate system of tubes directly to every cell.
b.
Insect blood sugar concentration is high.
c.
All of these statements describe such an adaptation.
d.
Insects have small pumps at the base of appendages.
7.
Apples taste sweet but do not perform photosynthesis and the Calvin Cycle to make
sugar. Which of the following terms or statements describes a structure or process that is
NOT directly involved in making apples sweet?
a.
Sieve tube elements in the phloem
b.
Evapotranspiration
c.
Bulk flow by positive pressure
d.
Active loading of solute into the vasculature
e.
Osmotic pressure gradient
8.
You just were given a fish pet as a gift and are having trouble telling whether it is a
freshwater fish or a saltwater fish. Luckily, you found a fish urine testing setup in the
back room and can use it to tell the fish apart! Which of the options below correctly
matches the type of fish with the amount and type of urine it would excrete in that
environment?
a.
Saltwater fish – Large volume of urine with a high concentration of salts
b.
Saltwater fish – Small volume of urine with a low concentration of salts
c.
Freshwater fish – Large volume of urine with a low concentration of salts
d.
Freshwater fish – Small volume of urine with a low concentration of salts
9.
Upon dehydration, the brain modifies your behavior and can generate thirst as well as
induce a craving for salt. Which of the statements below is TRUE?
a.
Extracellular thirst occurs when blood volume drops. It triggers the activation of
baroreceptor cells that stimulate thirst and craving for salt.
b.
Intracellular thirst occurs when blood osmolarity increases. It triggers deformation
of osmoreceptor cells that stimulate thirst and craving for salt.
c.
Extracellular thirst occurs when blood osmolarity increases. It triggers
deformation of osmoreceptor cells that stimulate thirst and craving for salt.
d.
Intracellular thirst occurs when blood volume drops. It triggers the activation of
baroreceptor cells that stimulate thirst.
10. Which statement about the ADH/vasopressin response to dehydration is TRUE?
a.
ADH/vasopressin stimulates secretion of aquaporins from the proximal tubule
b.
ADH/vasopressin is secreted in response to low osmolarity and high blood
pressure
c.
ADH/vasopressin promotes the transport of aquaporins from storage vesicles to
the luminal side of collecting duct cells
d.
ADH/vasopressin results in lower blood pressure as water reabsorption is
stimulated in the renal
11. Which of the following is TRUE about dehydration and urine production?
a.
Upon dehydration, low levels of ADH trigger the transport of aquaporins to the
plasma membrane of collecting duct cells, decreasing urine production
b.
Upon dehydration, low levels of ADH trigger the transport of aquaporins to the
cytoplasm of collecting duct cells, decreasing urine production
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Comes with food
and drink
1/ day
Respiration
/day
Sweat
I/day
Metabolic water
I/day
Extracellular fluid
Intracellular fluid
Absorption
/day
about
liters
about
liters
Reabsorption
I/day
Filtration
/day
Excreted with feces
Kidneys
/day
Excreted with urine
/day
Img. 23. Receipt, redistribution and excretion of water
Indicate the approximate volumes of fluids with a body weight of 70 kg
Intestine
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H Oral cavity
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Cortex
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Img. 27. The functional system maintaining optimal level of osmotic pressure of blood plasma for
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25 metres head under water
Phase II
Title
iii) explain the chemical reasoning behind the impact on pH from Phase I to the end of Phase II (do
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Phase III
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REVIEW SHEET
5
Classification of Tissues
Name
Lab Time/Date
Tissue Structure and Function: General Review
1. Define tissue:
2. Use the key choices to identify the major tissue types described below. (Some choices may be used more than once.)
Key:
connective
epithelium
muscular
nervous
1. lines body cavities and covers the body's external surface
2. pumps blood, flushes urine out of the body, allows one to swing a bat
3. transmits waves of excitation
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5. cells may absorb, protect, or form a filtering membrane
6. most involved in regulating body functions quickly
7. major function is to contract
8. the most durable tissue type
9. abundant nonliving extracellular matrix
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A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt
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11
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+ Prepare answer
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Manipulated?
Measured?
B. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RATE OF ENZYME REACTION
a.
Procedure
1. Choose a concentration of amylase that had an endpoint time of 60 to 90 seconds
in Part A. This will probably be either 1.0 or 2.0 mg/ml. Only one amylase
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concentration into each of 6 clean test tubes.
2. Obtain 6 clean test tubes and add 2 ml of starch solution and 2 ml of pH 7.0
buffer to each. You now have 6 identical test tubes with amylase and 6 identical
test tubes with starch and buffer.
3. Place a pair of test tubes (an amylase test tube and a starch/buffer test tube) in
each of the following temperatures: 100°C, 60°C, 45°C, 37°C, ice and room
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You won't become dehydrated if you only drink caffeinated sodas and coffee
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O A. True
B. False
SUBMIT
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Part 1 - Assignment
Complete the following objectives:
• List all substances & enzymes
that are secreted from the
following organs:
o Salivary Glands
o Stomach
o Pancreas
o Liver
o Small Intestine (Epithelium)
• Include where these secretions
(substances and/or enzymes)
are dumped
Include the function of each
secretion (substance and/or
enzyme)
Describe the digestion of
either carbohydrates, lipids,
or proteins if applicable
SIDE NOTE: Describe is defined as
"give an account in words of
(someone or something), including
all the relevant characteristics,
qualities, or events." Define is
defined as "a statement of the exact
meaning of a word, especially in
dictionary." You MUST describe +
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12 Kauai
Picture-winged
Drosophila
Oldest
island
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Maui
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island
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Hawaii
© 2001 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
Examine the figure above. Arrows represent times that an ancestral species of Drosophila moved from one island to another and underwent a speciation event. This movement promotes what kind of
speciation?
O Morphological speciation
O Allopatric speciation
O Ecological speciation
O Sympatric speciation
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2
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Directions: Answer the following statements below.o. nisido of
1. What organs in the digestive system are common to the worm
and perch?
tuo 2.
Explain how the excretory system eliminates waste.
Define the term homeostasis.
bus 3.
Sil anoisy
no 4.
Explain how the muscular and skeletal systems works together
while you are playing outside on a sunny day.
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Insects and birds represent certain common features as
given below except
Can fly due to presence of wings
Digestive tract contains chambers like crop and
gizzard
Triploblastic, coelomate with complete digestive
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Assignment Booklet 2B
Science 24: Module 2
statenduestion 15 carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST completes the
Place your answer in the blank space given.
18. A city mall carrier resians and trains as an office receptionist. This
person's metabolism is likely to
A. Increase
B. decrease
C. romain the same
D. charge, but Impossible to say how
16. List at least two factors that affect metabolism.
17. Describe at least two différences in nutrient and energy requirements betweer
teenagers and senior citizens.
18. The percentage of overweight people in Canada is higher today than 100 years
ago. Why do you think this is?
Return to page 84 of the Student Module Booklet and begin the
Section 3 Review.
Section 4 Assignment: Fossil Fuels
33
For questions 1 to 3, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST
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1. Which of the following is the hardest type of coal?
A. lignite
B. bituminous
C. sub-bituminous
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Performance Matters
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- 10:24 pm Sun 15 May * 52% < 88 Question Collection - physics •.. x Introduction to Biological Physics for the Health... Question Collection - physics Summary Notes: All Weeks PSC 9 - magnetism af enpemes ard their los the digestive tract , dy 11.24 You wish to measure the blood pressure at the top of a patient's head but the patient is unable to lie flat. You measure the blood pressure at the bicep (i.e. level with the heart) and find that it is 140 mmHg systolic and 80 mmHg diastolic. What would you expect the blood pressure to be at the top of the head given that this point is 45 cm above the measurement point? Remember this is a gauge pressure and give your answers in both mmHg and kPa. (The density of blood is about 1060 kg m-.) 134 of 282arrow_forwardQ3 HEALTH ACTIVITY 1 Direction: Answer the following question using properly constructed sentences based on your idea of safety, and first aid. 4. When should primary survey of the victim used? 5. When should secondary survey of the victim used?arrow_forwardWork 6. Complete the scheme of the functional system maintaining the optimal level of osmotic pressure of blood plasma. Water and sali consumption The change in the state of the H Oral cavity Esophagus Stomach Intestine gastrointestinal tract Cortex Osmorecentors in the vessels/ Нурothal mus Hormonal regulation Metabolis Img. 27. The functional system maintaining optimal level of osmotic pressure of blood plasma for metabolism. Absorptionarrow_forward
- Physiological Systems and Regulation Assessment 2: scenario based assessment Instructions This is a ‘scenario problem’. Read the information and answer the questions. Your answers must be concise, focus on the question (an introduction isn’t needed), and include a short explanation. ANSWERS OF ESSAY LENGTH ARE NOT REQUIRED. You will need to include some explanation as part of your answers. References should be included both in text (Harvard referencing system) and as a reference list at the end. An exemplar based on last year’s scenario is available on Moodle to guide you on the level of detail expected for this assessment. Please note that these questions are not equally weighted, and it is likely that answers to some will be a bit longer than others. Because of this, your mark will be based on your overall response to all of the questions. This doesn’t mean you can ignore a question – you must attempt all questions. Consider the following scenario: A group of five treasure…arrow_forwardAssignment Booklet 4A ence 24: Module 4 3 For questions 7 to 11, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST answers the question. Place your answer in the blank space given. 7. Which factor does not increase reaction time? A. distractions B. coffee C. alcohol D. fatigue 8. Which distraction can result in a motor vehicle collision? A. eating B. using a cell phone C. tuning in a radio station D. all of the above equoro boane bess 9. Generally, what is the legal limit for BAC in Canada? choloes BEST. A. 0.10 B. 0.08 C. 0.04 D. 0.02 10. How many alcoholic drinks, one after the other, will put someone weighing 45 kg or less over the legal limit? А. 1 С. 3 D. 4 A 11. A person at a party has a blood alcohol level of 0.13. How long will it be before the person can legally drive? (A. 1 hour B. 2 hours C. 3 hours D. 4 hoursarrow_forwardHeading 1 Normal Dive Phase I No Spacing 3. When our tissues are burning metabolic fuel they produce protons and carbondioxide. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase uses water to convert most of the carbondioxide into carbonic acid. Heading 2 i) Describe the change of the blood carbondioxide concentration of the swimmer from Phase I to the end of Phase II (do NOT explain the other phases)? ii) How does this change of the blood carbondioxide concentration impact on the pH of the blood of the swimmer from Phase I to the end of Phase II (do NOT explain the other phases)? 25 metres head under water Phase II Title iii) explain the chemical reasoning behind the impact on pH from Phase I to the end of Phase II (do NOT explain the other phases). Styles Pane 25 metres head above water Phase III i) The blood carbon dioxide concentration of the swimmer will decrease from the Dictaarrow_forward
- Technical College Home x O myAugusta Secure Login B Take Test: Study Question Quiz fo x G Which of the following planes ca X i augustatech.blackboard.com/webapps/assessment/take/launch.jsp?course assessment id=_71905 1&course id= 10021 18&new attempt=1&content id= 891273 1&step= es al Resources Remaining Time: 14 minutes, 57 seconds. * Question Completion Status: QUESTION 1 1 points Save The process of using ATP energy to move molecules against a concentration gradient (from low to high concentration) is called: O facilitated diffusion o hydrolysis o simple diffusion active transport QUESTION 2 1 points Save Am Which of the following is the place where proteins are made? O Golgi apparatus O ribosomes o lysosome o mitochondria 1 points Save Answ QUESTION 3 Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Ansuers to save all ansivers. Save All Answers Save and Subm 4 2/1 P Type here to search ort sc delete home 144 10 10 num backspace 8 9 lock 3 7. WE R Y U P homearrow_forwardA Week 36: THURSDAY (May 20, 20 Assessment cher Page A Classes b clever.discoveryeducation.com/learn/assessment/0e6e720a-d503-4a05-a651-0f7b0e3d6df1/assignment/4089672f-19f9-4 okmarks A Google Classroom:) Energy in Living Systems: Practice Assessment Question: 1 of 12 ▼ During cellular respiration, energy is released from food. What else does the cell need for this process to take place? O A. carbon dioxide O B. oxygen OC. sunlight O D. nitrogenarrow_forwardQuestion: Calculate the Rate Ratio of Giardia among hikers that filter water compare to hikers that don't filter water. 1.00 0.23 0.33 0.11 E+ = filter E-= no filter D+ = Giardia D-= no Giardia Patient Number E+1 E+ 2 E+ 3 E+4 E-5 E-6 E-7 E-8 1 X 2 3 Day X 4 X X 5arrow_forward
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