Understanding Our Universe
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780393614428
Author: PALEN, Stacy, Kay, Laura, Blumenthal, George (george Ray)
Publisher: W.w. Norton & Company,
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Question
Chapter 8.3, Problem 8.3CYU
To determine
The reason why the water is still liquid at very high temperature in the interior of the giant planet.
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Which one of the mechanism below can NOT be responsible for providing intrinsic luminosity for planets?
Gravitational settling of the hydrogen molecules.
Gravitational settling of the helium atoms.
Residual heat dating from the formation epoch of the planets.
Decay of radio-active isotopes like uranium.
According to the chart below, how do the gas giants differ from the terrestrial planets?
THE TERRESTRIAL PLANETS
THE GAS GIANTS
MERCURY
MARS
JUPITER
SATURN
URANUS
NEPTUNE
VENUS
EARTH
ROCK
ROCK
ROCK
ROCK
INNER
CORE
INNER
CORE
CORE
SIren/
Nickel
CORE
Iron/
WATER
WATER
WATER
Nickel
OUTER
CORE
OUTER
CORE
METALLIC
U HYDROGEN
METALLIC
WATER
MANTLE
Reck
HYDROGEN
MANTLE
Rock
MANTLE
Reck
CORE
SIren/
Silicates
Silicates
Silicates
Nickel
HYDROGEN
GAS
HYDROGEN
GAS
HYDROGEN
HYDROGEN
GAS
GAS
SURFACE
SURFACE
SURFACE
SURFACE
O The gas giants do not have solid surfaces.
O The gas giants have an iron core.
O The gas giants lack hydrogen gas.
O The gas giants do not contain water.
Why do we think that planets in our Solar System were not formed out of the gaseous disk by direct
gravitational collapse?
Planets are formed in disks. Disks rotate too fast to collapse gravitationally to form planets.
In disks that are not massive enough, tidal gravity of the central star prevents the disk gas from collapsing.
The material in the disk orbits close to the star. This makes the disk too hot, and pressure support
prevented the disk from gravitational collapse.
The gravity of the forming planets was not enough to accrete gas.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Understanding Our Universe
Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 8.1CYUCh. 8.2 - Prob. 8.2CYUCh. 8.3 - Prob. 8.3CYUCh. 8.4 - Prob. 8.4CYUCh. 8.5 - Prob. 8.5CYUCh. 8 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 5QAP
Ch. 8 - Prob. 6QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 8QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 10QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 11QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 12QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 14QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 15QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 16QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 17QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 18QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 19QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 20QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 21QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 22QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 23QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 25QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 26QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 27QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 28QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 29QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 30QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 31QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 32QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 33QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 34QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 35QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 36QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 37QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 38QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 39QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 40QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 41QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 42QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 43QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 44QAPCh. 8 - Prob. 45QAP
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- How did the giant planets grow to be so large?arrow_forwardWhy do the giant planets and their moons have compositions different from those of the terrestrial planets?arrow_forwardThe cores of terrestrial planets are mostly metal because: The entire planets are mostly metal Metals are denser and so sank to the centres of planets when they were still molten Metals condensed first in the formation of the Solar System Radioactivity created metals in the core of planets from the decay of uraniumarrow_forward
- The search for extrasolar planets fall broadly into two categories, what are they? Lensing and transits Astrometry and Doppler shifts Speckle imaging and interferometry Dust emission and radio bursts Direct and indirect detectionarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is/are true regarding a nebula? Which of the following statements is/are true regarding a nebula? It is believed that each planet in our solar system began as its own nebula. Over time, a nebula becomes cooler and grows in size. The density of a nebula is greatest at the edges and least in the center. There are no nebulas left in our galaxy because they have all formed stars and planets. Over time, a star will form at the center of a nebula.arrow_forwardPlanetary migration is a new process that has been added to the nebular theory of solar system formation. What type of planet, that does not exist in our solar system, made this change to the theory necessary? super-Earths Jovian planets beyond the "frost line" mini-Neptunes O hot Jupiters terrestrial planets in the habitable zonearrow_forward
- What are the main challenges involved in sending probes to the giant planets?arrow_forwardQuestion 7 What type of mission collects information about multiple planets? Sample returns. Rovers. Flybys. Atmospheric probes. Question 8 Why are neutrinos so difficult to detect? There are very few of them, so collecting enough to study takes a long time. They are theoretical and may not exist. They move so fast they pass right through the telescope. They don't interact strongly with matter, so they will not cause a reaction on a CCD imager.arrow_forwardWhen astronomers found the first giant planets with orbits of only a few days, they did not know whether those planets were gaseous and liquid like Jupiter or rocky like Mercury. The observations of HD 209458 settled this question because observations of the transit of the star by this planet made it possible to determine the radius of the planet. Use the data given in the text to estimate the density of this planet, and then use that information to explain why it must be a gas giant.arrow_forward
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