Concept explainers
Normal Curve: Tree Rings Tree-ring dates were used extensively in archaeological studies at Burnt Mesa Pueblo (Bandelier Archaeological Excavation Project: Summer 1989Excavations at Burnt Mesa Pueblo, edited by Kohler, Washington State University Department of Anthropology). At one site on the mesa, tree-ring dales (for many samples) gave a
(a) Convertboth
(b) Interpretation Which of these two items is the more unusual as an archaeological find in its location?
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Understanding Basic Statistics
- Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a hereditary ocular diseasein which patches of pigment appear on the retina, potentially resulting in substantial vision loss and in somecases complete blindness. An important issue is how fastthe subjects decline. Visual field is an important measureof area of vision, which is measured in degree2. A visualfield area for a normal person is around 11,000 degree2.The longitudinal data in Table 11.29 were provided by anindividual patient.Table 11.29 Longitudinal visual field data forone RP patientTime Visual field area lnVisit (yr) (degree2) (visual field area)1 0 3059 8.032 1 3053 8.023 2 1418 7.264 3 1692 7.435 4 1978 7.596 5 1567 7.367 6 1919 7.568 7 1998 7.609 11 1648 7.4110 13 1721 7.4511 15 1264 7.14mean 6.09 1938 7.532sd 4.97 597 0.280Suppose the rate of change of ln (visual field) is a linearfunction of follow-up time.11.103 Write down a linear regression model that summarizes this relationship.11.104 Fit the regression line using the method of…arrow_forwardQUESTION 20 It was found that the mean annual turmover rate of the Aspirin medicine bottie is 24. The management think that the mean is changed. Therefore, a random sample of 67 is chosen that shows the average is 11 and the standard devlation is 12. Use 0.02 significance level to test this claim. Based on the above, the test statistic is equal to? (Round answer to two decimal places ex. 2.09)arrow_forwardRetinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a hereditary ocular diseasein which patches of pigment appear on the retina, potentially resulting in substantial vision loss and in somecases complete blindness. An important issue is how fastthe subjects decline. Visual field is an important measureof area of vision, which is measured in degree2. A visualfield area for a normal person is around 11,000 degree2.The longitudinal data in Table 11.29 were provided by anindividual patient.Table 11.29 Longitudinal visual field data forone RP patientTime Visual field area lnVisit (yr) (degree2) (visual field area)1 0 3059 8.032 1 3053 8.023 2 1418 7.264 3 1692 7.435 4 1978 7.596 5 1567 7.367 6 1919 7.568 7 1998 7.609 11 1648 7.4110 13 1721 7.4511 15 1264 7.14mean 6.09 1938 7.532sd 4.97 597 0.280Suppose the rate of change of ln (visual field) is a linearfunction of follow-up time.11.103 Write down a linear regression model that summarizes this relationship.arrow_forward
- The data in Table 7–7 were collected in an experiment designed to investigate the impact of different positions of pregnant women on fetal heart rate. Fetal heart rate is measured by ultrasound in beats per minute. The study included 20 pregnant women who were assigned to one position and had the fetal heart rate measured in that position. Each woman was between 28 weeks and 32 weeks gestation. Is there a significant difference in mean fetal heart rates by position? Run the test at a 5% level of significance. Back Side Sitting Standing 140 141 144 147 144 143 145 145 146 145 147 146 141 144 148 149 139 136 144 145 Please explain how to compute in excel...please use very detailed instructions, thanksarrow_forwardThe data in Table 7–7 were collected in an experiment designed to investigate the impact of different positions of pregnant women on fetal heart rate. Fetal heart rate is measured by ultrasound in beats per minute. The study included 20 pregnant women who were assigned to one position and had the fetal heart rate measured in that position. Each woman was between 28 weeks and 32 weeks gestation. Is there a significant difference in mean fetal heart rates by position? Run the test at a 5% level of significance. Back Side Sitting Standing 140 141 144 147 144 143 145 145 146 145 147 148 141 144 148 149 139 136 144 145arrow_forwardTable 2 on page 603 is based on paired-samples t tests, a technique that we do not cover in this course. However, based on the p-values listed in the second to last column of the table, state three measures that showed a statistically significant change over 24 months for mothers and children in the MST-BSF group. Indicate whether the change was an increase or a decrease, and whether the change was in the mother or the child.?arrow_forward
- QUESTION 1 Manama cement factory produces precast cement blocks, last year's record showed the mean weight per block as 21.05 KG. This year they have sampled 50 units, and the maximum acceptable weight per block was 29.85, with a variance of 13.51 KG. Calculate the z value associated with this sample? (Write your answer in 2 decimals places e.g. 0.99)arrow_forwardQuestion 11. Refer to Question 10. Callaway Golf Company's new forged titanium ERC driver has been described as "illegal" because it promises driving distances that exceed the USGA's standard. Golf digest compared actual driving distances with the ERC driver and a USGA-approved driver with a population mean distance of 280 yards. Based on nine test drives, the mean driving distance by the ERC driver was 286.9 yards and the standard deviation is 10 yards. i. Find the t value for the calculation of the 99% confidence interval for the population mean driving distance for the new ERC driver. ii. Find the margin of error for a 99% confidence interval for the population mean driving distance for the new ERC driver? iii. Find a 99% confidence interval for the population mean driving distance for the new ERC driver. iv. Find a 72% confidence interval for the population mean driving distance for the new ERC driver. Hint: Use Excel function=t.inv.2t to get the t value.arrow_forwardThe sulphur dioxide concentration (in percent) of gases collected from the eruptions of two volcanoes was measured. At each volcano, thirty measurements were taken. The following is the data set. Question: Accept or reject the null hypothesis that there is no difference in sulphur dioxide content in the composition of gases in two eruptions at the 0.05 level of significance? Draw your normal curve for supportarrow_forward
- AUA wants to determine whether the mean cumulative GPA, CGPA is significantly different among undergraduate and graduate students (Sheet 31). They collect data on several undergraduate and graduate students. What can they conclude at alpha=0.05? Select one: a. t(stat)=2.56, which is greater than t(cr)=1.68, therefore, we can conclude that there is significant difference in mean CGPAs b. Assuming unequal variances, t(stat)=2.56, which is greater than t(cr)=2.02, therefore, we can conclude that there is significant difference in mean CGPAs c. t(stat)=1.15, which is less than t(cr)=2.12, therefore, we can conclude that there is no significant difference in mean CGPAs d. Assuming equal variances, t(stat)=2.56, which is greater than t(cr)=2.02, therefore, we can conclude that there is significant difference in mean CGPAsarrow_forwardThe mean output of solar cells of three types is measured six times under random light intensity over a period of 5 minutes, yielding the results shown. Research question: Is the mean solar cell output the same for all cell types?arrow_forwardquestion 16 The amount of time that people spend at Grover Hot Springs is normally distributed with a mean of 68 minutes and a standard deviation of 18 minutes. Suppose one person at the hot springs is randomly chosen. Let X = the amount of time that person spent at Grover Hot Springs . Round all answers to 4 decimal places where possible. d. Find the Inter Quartile Range (IQR) for time spent at the hot springs.Q1:? minutesQ3: ? minutesIQR:? minutesarrow_forward
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