Essential Cosmic Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135795033
Author: Bennett
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 47EAP
History of the Elements. Our bodies (arid most living things) are made mostly of water (H20). Summarize the “history” of a typical hydrogen atom from its creation to Earths formation. Do the same for a typical oxygen atom. (Hint: Which elements were created in the Big Bang, and where were the others created?)
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Another explanation for the Universe is the Steady State Hypothesis. The Steady State Hypothesis says that the Universe has always existed and is infinite in extent. Which of the following supports the Big Bang Theory and which supports the Steady State Model.
(Select B-Big Bang Theory, S-Steady State Model, If the first is B and the rest S, enter BSSSSS).
A) An observation that some globular clusters show M-type stars that have evolved off the main sequence.
B) The measurement of redshifts that show galaxies appear to be moving away from each other and the Universe is expanding.
C) A measurement that shows the density of the Universe is close to the critical density.
D) The measurement of the microwave background radiation.
E) Observing that galaxies at very large distances look identical to those in the nearby universe.
Read each question carefully and choose the letter of the best answer. Use the following choices to
answer questions 1-3.
a. nebula nucleosynthesis
b. supernova nucleosynthesis
c. stellar nucleosynthesis
d. big bang nucleosynthesis
1. Which process is probable to produce the heaviest element?
2. When are hydrogen and helium formed?
3. When are carbon and oxygen formed?
4. What elements will be produced when carbon undergoes fusion reactions?
a. hydrogen and helium
b. beryllium and hydrogen
C. oxygen and neon
d. xenon and gold
5. When does a massive star enter the stage of becoming a supernova?
a. when the star has used up all its hydrogen fuel
b. when the star has burned all its oxygen
C. when the chromium fusion stop
6. Which of the following describes stellar nucleosynthesis?
a. It is the formation of light elements such as hydrogen and helium.
b. It is the process by which elements are produced in gas clouds.
c. It is the formation of elements during a supernova explosion.
d. It is…
Tutorial
A radio broadcast left Earth in 1923. How far in light
years has it traveled?
If there is, on average, 1 star system per 400 cubic light
years, how many star systems has this broadcast
reached?
Assume that the fraction of these star systems that
have planets is 0.50 and that, in a given planetary
system, the average number of planets that have
orbited in the habitable zone for 4 billion years is 0.40.
How many possible planets with life could have heard
this signal?
Part 1 of 3
To figure out how many light years a signal has
traveled we need to know how long since the signal left
Earth. If the signal left in 1923, distance in light years =
time since broadcast left Earth.
d = tnow - broadcast
d = 97
97 light years
Part 2 of 3
Since the radio signal travels in all directions, it
expanded as a sphere with a radius equal to the
distance it has traveled so far. To determine the
number of star systems this signal has reached, we
need to determine the volume of that sphere.
V, =
Vb…
Chapter 6 Solutions
Essential Cosmic Perspective
Ch. 6 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 6 - Prob. 2VSCCh. 6 - Prob. 3VSCCh. 6 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 3EAPCh. 6 - What are the basic differences between terrestrial...Ch. 6 - Prob. 5EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 6EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 7EAP
Ch. 6 - Describe the four categories of materials in the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 9EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 10EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 12EAPCh. 6 - What is the leading hypothesis for the Moon’s...Ch. 6 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 17EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 18EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 25EAPCh. 6 - The nebular theory holds that (a) our solar system...Ch. 6 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 6 - Which of the following did not occur during the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 6 - Leftover ice-rich planetesimals are called (a)...Ch. 6 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 6 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 6 - Group Discussion: Who Named the Planets? The names...Ch. 6 - Planetary Priorities. Suppose you were in charge...Ch. 6 - Explaining the Past. Test the nebular theory...Ch. 6 - Unanswered Questions. As discussed in this...Ch. 6 - Group Activity: A Cold Solar Nebula. The excess...Ch. 6 - True or False. Decide whether each statement is...Ch. 6 - Planetary Tour. Based on the brief planetary tour...Ch. 6 - Patterns of Motion. In one or two paragraphs,...Ch. 6 - Solar System Trends. Study the planetary data in...Ch. 6 - 42. Two Kinds of Planets. The jovian planets...Ch. 6 - An Early Solar Wind. Suppose the solar wind had...Ch. 6 - History of the Elements. Our bodies (arid most...Ch. 6 - Rocks from Other Solar Systems. Many leftovers’...Ch. 6 - Current Spacecraft Mission. Find a list of current...Ch. 6 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 6 - Lucky to Be Here? Considering the overall process...Ch. 6 - Radiometric Dating. You are dating rocks by their...Ch. 6 - Lunar Rocks. You are dating Moon rocks based on...Ch. 6 - Carbon-14 Dating. The half-life of carbori-14 s...Ch. 6 - What Are the Odds? The fact that all the planets...
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