The elements that are diamagnetic in the first transition series has to be identified. Concept Introduction: Diamagnetic: When atoms or ions with all electrons are paired their magnetic field effectively cancels each other. Substances with paired electrons are called diamagnetic. They are weakly repelled by magnetic fields. Paramagnetic: Atoms or ions with unpaired electrons are attracted to magnetic field. Substances with unpaired electrons are called paramagnetic.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 74QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The elements that are diamagnetic in the first transition series has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Diamagnetic: When atoms or ions with all electrons are paired their magnetic field effectively cancels each other. Substances with paired electrons are called diamagnetic. They are weakly repelled by magnetic fields.

Paramagnetic: Atoms or ions with unpaired electrons are attracted to magnetic field. Substances with unpaired electrons are called paramagnetic.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the elements in first transition series, the element with greatest number of unpaired electrons has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

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Boron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively.(a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B? (b) Drawthe orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons? (c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons inboron differ from its 2s electrons. (d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation forthe reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas. (e) ΔHf° for BF31g2 is -1135.6 kJ>mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in thereaction of boron with fluorine. (f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?

Boron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively. (a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B? (b) Draw the orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons? (c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons in boron differ from its 2s electrons. (d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas. (e) ΔHf° for BF3(g) is -1135.6 kj/mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in the reaction of boron with fluorine. (f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?

(a) Rank elements: Na, Mg, Al, and K, in increasing order of: (i) atomic size; (ii) ionization energy, and (iii) reactivity. (b) Explain why atomic size decreases from left to right, but increases from top to bottom; (c) Explain why ionization energy increases from left to right, but decreases from top to bottom; (d) Explain why the reactivity of alkali metals (Group-1) increases from top to bottom, where as the reactivity of halogen (Group-17) decreases from top to bottom.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 74QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The elements that are diamagnetic in the first transition series has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Diamagnetic: When atoms or ions with all electrons are paired their magnetic field effectively cancels each other. Substances with paired electrons are called diamagnetic. They are weakly repelled by magnetic fields.

Paramagnetic: Atoms or ions with unpaired electrons are attracted to magnetic field. Substances with unpaired electrons are called paramagnetic.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the elements in first transition series, the element with greatest number of unpaired electrons has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 74QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The elements that are diamagnetic in the first transition series has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Diamagnetic: When atoms or ions with all electrons are paired their magnetic field effectively cancels each other. Substances with paired electrons are called diamagnetic. They are weakly repelled by magnetic fields.

Paramagnetic: Atoms or ions with unpaired electrons are attracted to magnetic field. Substances with unpaired electrons are called paramagnetic.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the elements in first transition series, the element with greatest number of unpaired electrons has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 74QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The elements that are diamagnetic in the first transition series has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Diamagnetic: When atoms or ions with all electrons are paired their magnetic field effectively cancels each other. Substances with paired electrons are called diamagnetic. They are weakly repelled by magnetic fields.

Paramagnetic: Atoms or ions with unpaired electrons are attracted to magnetic field. Substances with unpaired electrons are called paramagnetic.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the elements in first transition series, the element with greatest number of unpaired electrons has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 5, Problem 74QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The elements that are diamagnetic in the first transition series has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Diamagnetic: When atoms or ions with all electrons are paired their magnetic field effectively cancels each other. Substances with paired electrons are called diamagnetic. They are weakly repelled by magnetic fields.

Paramagnetic: Atoms or ions with unpaired electrons are attracted to magnetic field. Substances with unpaired electrons are called paramagnetic.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the elements in first transition series, the element with greatest number of unpaired electrons has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 6

Chapter 5, Problem 74QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The elements that are diamagnetic in the first transition series has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Diamagnetic: When atoms or ions with all electrons are paired their magnetic field effectively cancels each other. Substances with paired electrons are called diamagnetic. They are weakly repelled by magnetic fields.

Paramagnetic: Atoms or ions with unpaired electrons are attracted to magnetic field. Substances with unpaired electrons are called paramagnetic.

Answer 7

Chapter 5, Problem 74QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The elements that are diamagnetic in the first transition series has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Diamagnetic: When atoms or ions with all electrons are paired their magnetic field effectively cancels each other. Substances with paired electrons are called diamagnetic. They are weakly repelled by magnetic fields.

Paramagnetic: Atoms or ions with unpaired electrons are attracted to magnetic field. Substances with unpaired electrons are called paramagnetic.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the elements in first transition series, the element with greatest number of unpaired electrons has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the elements in first transition series, the element with greatest number of unpaired electrons has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 5.1 - In the upper atmosphere there is solar radiation...Ch. 5.1 - A fellow chemistry student says that low-frequency...Ch. 5.1 - One type of solar radiation in the upper...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 5.2PSP Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 5.3E Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 5.4E Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 5.3PSP Ch. 5.3 - The hydrogen atom contains only one electron, but...Ch. 5.3 - (a) Calculate the frequency and the wavelength of...Ch. 5.3 - Show that the value of the Rydberg constant per...

Solution Summary: The author explains that atoms or ions with paired electrons are diamagnetic, while unpaired ones are called paramitic. The period four transition element with completely filled subshells is zinc.

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Interpretation:

Among the elements in first transition series, the element with greatest number of unpaired electrons has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

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Chapter 5 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that atoms or ions with paired electrons are diamagnetic, while unpaired ones are called paramitic. The period four transition element with completely filled subshells is zinc.

Videos

Interpretation: Among the elements in first transition series, the element with greatest number of unpaired electrons has to be identified. Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a)

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Chapter 5 Solutions

Interpretation:

Among the elements in first transition series, the element with greatest number of unpaired electrons has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)