The Solar System
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337672252
Author: The Solar System
Publisher: Cengage
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 35RQ
In what conditions do Newton’s laws of motion and gravity need to be modified?
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Are Kepler’s laws purely descriptive, or do they contain causal information? Why?
The mass of earth is 6*10^24 kg and its radius is 6.4*10^6 m. Use newton's theory of gravity to find the weight of a 1 kg object lying on earth's surface.
Newton's Law of Gravitation says that the magnitude F of the force exerted by a body of mass m on a body of mass M is
F = GmM/r2
where G is the gravitational constant and r is the distance between the bodies.
(a) Find dF/dr.
What is the meaning of dF/dr?
dF/dr represents the rate of change of the force with respect to the distance between the bodies.
dF/dr represents the rate of change of the mass with respect to the distance between the bodies.
dF/dr represents the rate of change of the distance between the bodies with respect to the force.
dF/dr represents the rate of change of the mass with respect to the force.
dF/dr represents the amount of force per distance.
What does the minus sign indicate?
The minus sign indicates that the force between the bodies is decreasing.
The minus sign indicates that as the distance between the bodies increases, the magnitude of the force decreases.
The minus sign indicates that as the distance between the bodies decreases, the…
Chapter 5 Solutions
The Solar System
Ch. 5 - Prob. 1RQCh. 5 - Today, what do we call the Aristotelean violent...Ch. 5 - Which of Keplers or Newtons laws best describes...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4RQCh. 5 - Prob. 5RQCh. 5 - If you drop a feather and a steel hammer at the...Ch. 5 - What is the difference between mass and weight?
Ch. 5 - Prob. 8RQCh. 5 - An astronaut working in space near the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 5 - A car is on a circular off ramp of an interstate...Ch. 5 - Prob. 12RQCh. 5 - Prob. 13RQCh. 5 - An astronaut is in space with a baseball and a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15RQCh. 5 - Prob. 16RQCh. 5 - Why did Newton conclude that some force had to...Ch. 5 - Why did Newton conclude that gravity has to be...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19RQCh. 5 - Prob. 20RQCh. 5 - Prob. 21RQCh. 5 - You are sitting next to a person who has twice as...Ch. 5 - Prob. 23RQCh. 5 - Why cant a spacecraft go beyond Earths gravity?Ch. 5 - Prob. 25RQCh. 5 - Balance a pencil lengthwise on the side of your...Ch. 5 - Prob. 27RQCh. 5 - Why can’t you leave Earth’s gravitational field...Ch. 5 - Prob. 29RQCh. 5 -
How do planets orbiting the Sun and skaters doing...Ch. 5 - Prob. 31RQCh. 5 - If you hold this textbook out at shoulder height...Ch. 5 - Today at the beach you see the highest of all high...Ch. 5 - Why is the period of an open orbit undefined?
Ch. 5 - In what conditions do Newtons laws of motion and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 36RQCh. 5 - Prob. 37RQCh. 5 - Prob. 38RQCh. 5 - How is gravity related to acceleration? Are all...Ch. 5 - Prob. 40RQCh. 5 - Prob. 41RQCh. 5 - Prob. 42RQCh. 5 - An astronomy textbook is to be dropped from a tall...Ch. 5 - Compared to the strength of Earth’s gravity at its...Ch. 5 - Compare the force of gravity on a 1 kg mass on the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4PCh. 5 - Prob. 5PCh. 5 - If a small lead ball falls from a high tower on...Ch. 5 - What is the circular velocity of an Earth...Ch. 5 - What is the circular velocity of an Earth...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9PCh. 5 - Describe the shape of the orbit followed by the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11PCh. 5 - What is the orbital period of a satellite orbiting...Ch. 5 - What would be the escape velocity at the surface...Ch. 5 - Prob. 14PCh. 5 - A moon of Jupiter takes 1.8 days to orbit at a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SPCh. 5 - Prob. 2SPCh. 5 - Prob. 1LLCh. 5 - Prob. 2LLCh. 5 - Why is it a little bit misleading to say that this...
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- Are Kepler’s laws purely descriptive, or do they contain causal information?arrow_forwardAccording to Keplers first law, planets move in elliptical orbits. Why is that considered accelerated motion? According to Newton, what is the force causing that acceleration?arrow_forwardWhy did Newton conclude that gravity has to be mutual and universal?arrow_forward
- By what factor would a person’s weight be increased if Earth had 10 times its present mass, but the same volume?arrow_forwardAre Newton’s laws of motion are deterministic? Explain how?arrow_forwardIf an object at a certain location with gravitational field strength of 5.7 N/kg, what would be its weight if its mass is 90kg?arrow_forward
- Newton's Law of Gravitation says that the magnitude F of the force exerted by a body of mass m on a body of mass M is GmM F = where G is the gravitational constant and r is the distance between the bodies. (a) Find dF/dr. dF dr What is the meaning of dF/dr? dF/dr represents the rate of change of the distance between the bodies with respect to the force. dF/dr represents the rate of change of the force with respect to the distance between the bodies. dF/dr represents the rate of change of the mass with respect to the distance between the bodies. dF/dr represents the amount of force per distance. dF/dr represents the rate of change of the mass with respect to the force. What does the minus sign indicate? The minus sign indicates that the force between the bodies is decreasing. The minus sign indicates that as the distance between the bodies increases, the magnitude of the force increases. The minus sign indicates that as the distance between the bodies decreases, the magnitude of the…arrow_forwardNewton's Law of Gravitation can be used to show that if an object weighs w pounds on the surface of the earth, then its weight at a distance x from the center of the earth is W(x) = wR? (for x > R), where R = 3960 miles is the radius of the earth. Estimate the altitude at which a 140-lb pilot would weigh 139.5 lb. (Use decimal notation. Give your answer to two decimal places.)arrow_forwardCalculate the force of gravity between Earth and the Sun (the Sun’s mass = 2.0 × 1030 kg; average Earth–Sun distance = 1.5 × 1011 m).arrow_forward
- Newton's Law of Gravitation can be used to show that if an object weighs w pounds on the surface of the earth, then its weight at a distance x from the center of the earth is W(x) : wR? (for x > R), where R = 3960 miles is the radius of the earth. Estimate the weight loss per mile of altitude gained for a 205-lb pilot at an altitude of h. (Use decimal notation. Give your answer to five decimal places.)arrow_forwardTwo objects are separated by a distance of 2000 m. If the masses of the objects are 5x10^3 kg and 3x10^3 kg, what is the gravitational force of attraction between the two objects?arrow_forwardNewton's Law of Gravitation shows that if a person weighs w pounds on the surf ace of the earth, then his or her weight at distance x from the center of the earth is where R = 3960 miles is the radius of the earth. (a) Show that the weight lost at altitude h miles above the earth's surfaceis approximately ∆ W ≈ - (0.0005w)h. Hint: Use the Linear Approximation with dx = h. (b) Estimate the weight lost by a 200-lb football player flying in a jet at an altitude of 7 miles.arrow_forward
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