Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 16RQ
You weigh 100 pounds, your friend weighs 200 pounds, and you are in an arm wrestling contest with each other. Neither person is winning, but each of you is struggling to push the other’s forearm over to the tabletop. Which of Newton’s laws applies to this scenario and why? Now in one swift motion you plant your friend’s forearm on the table, winning the contest. Which of Newton’s laws applies to this motion and why?
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1. Consider each of the following situations, state which of the Newton's Laws of Motion BEST illustrates the
phenomenon and explain why. [.
a) A person using a paddle to push
a canoe forward is an example
b) Whiplash can result when a car
is hit violently from behind. The
law explains how
c) One of the Canadian women
Soccer team members kicking
the ball and launching it
towards the goal - is an
of the
law.
this happens to a person
(without a headrest) in a car
Explain.
example of the
that is hit from behind.
law.
Explain.
Explain.
Whiplash
ED
US 9 1.
The planet Jupiter is more than 300 times as massive as Earth, so it might seem that a body on the surface of Jupiter would weigh 300 times as much as on Earth. But it so happens that a body would scarcely weigh 3 times as much on the surface of Jupiter as it would on the surface of Earth. Can you think of an explanation for why this is so? (Hint: Let the terms in the equation for gravitational force guide your thinking.)
A skydiver weighing 262 lbf (including equipment) falls vertically downward from an altitude of 4000 ft and opens the parachute after
11 s of free fall. Assume that the force of air resistance, which is directed opposite to the velocity, is 0.72 | v when the parachute is
closed and 14 |v| when the parachute is open, where the velocity v is measured in ft/s.
Use g = 32 ft/s². Round your answers to two decimal places.
(a) Find the speed of the skydiver when the parachute opens.
v(11) =
|
ft/s
(b) Find the distance fallen before the parachute opens.
x(11) = i
ft
(c) What is the limiting velocity v₁, after the parachute opens?
UL =
i
ft/s
Chapter 5 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 5 - According to the Aristotle, if earth and water...Ch. 5 - Today, what do we call the Aristotelean violent...Ch. 5 - Which of Keplers or Newtons laws best describes...Ch. 5 - Why would Aristotles explanation of gravity not...Ch. 5 - According to the principles of Aristotle, what...Ch. 5 - If you drop a feather and a steel hammer at the...Ch. 5 - What is the difference between mass and weight?Ch. 5 - When a person says he gained weight, does he mean...Ch. 5 - An astronaut working in space near the...Ch. 5 - What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Ch. 5 - A car is on a circular off ramp of an interstate...Ch. 5 - How many accelerators does a car have? What are...Ch. 5 - You put your astronomy textbook and your No. 2...Ch. 5 - An astronaut is in space with a baseball and a...Ch. 5 - You are at a red light in your car. The red light...Ch. 5 - You weigh 100 pounds, your friend weighs 200...Ch. 5 - Why did Newton conclude that some force had to...Ch. 5 - Why did Newton conclude that gravity has to be...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19RQCh. 5 - You are sitting next to a person who has twice as...Ch. 5 - You are sitting next to a person who has twice as...Ch. 5 - You are sitting next to a person who has twice as...Ch. 5 - How does the concept of a field explain action at...Ch. 5 - Why cant a spacecraft go beyond Earths gravity?Ch. 5 - Prob. 25RQCh. 5 - Balance a pencil lengthwise on the side of your...Ch. 5 - Prob. 27RQCh. 5 - Why cant you leave Earths gravitational field when...Ch. 5 - According to Keplers first law, planets move in...Ch. 5 - How do planets orbiting the Sun and skaters doing...Ch. 5 - If a planet were to slowly migrate inward toward...Ch. 5 - If you hold this textbook out at shoulder height...Ch. 5 - Today at the beach you see the highest of all high...Ch. 5 - Why is the period of an open orbit undefined?Ch. 5 - In what conditions do Newtons laws of motion and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 36RQCh. 5 - When you ride a fast elevator upward, you feel...Ch. 5 - Prob. 38RQCh. 5 - How is gravity related to acceleration? Are all...Ch. 5 - Near a massive planet, is gravitational...Ch. 5 - Prob. 41RQCh. 5 - How Do We Know? Why is it important that a theory...Ch. 5 - An astronomy textbook is to be dropped from a tall...Ch. 5 - Compared to the strength of Earths gravity at its...Ch. 5 - Compare the force of gravity on a 1 kg mass on the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4PCh. 5 - The International Space Station is in orbit around...Ch. 5 - If a small lead ball falls from a high tower on...Ch. 5 - What is the circular velocity of an Earth...Ch. 5 - What is the circular velocity of an Earth...Ch. 5 - What is the orbital speed at Earths surface?...Ch. 5 - Describe the shape of the orbit followed by the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11PCh. 5 - What is the orbital period of a satellite orbiting...Ch. 5 - Prob. 13PCh. 5 - Prob. 14PCh. 5 - A moon of Jupiter takes 1.8 days to orbit at a...Ch. 5 - Arrange the following motions in order of...Ch. 5 - Arrange the following motions in order of...Ch. 5 - Why can the object shown here be bolted in place...Ch. 5 - What is the flux at position 2 compared to...Ch. 5 - Why is it a little bit misleading to say that this...
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- A skydiver weighing 203 lbf (including equipment) falls vertically downward from an altitude of 5000 ft and opens the parachute after 14 s of free fall. Assume that the force of air resistance, which is directed opposite to the velocity, is 0.77 |v| when the parachute is closed and 10 |v| when the parachute is open, where the velocity v is measured in ft/s. Use g = 32 ft/s². Round your answers to two decimal places. (a) Find the speed of the skydiver when the parachute opens. v(14) = i (b) Find the distance fallen before the parachute opens. x (14) = i ft ft/s (c) What is the limiting velocity after the parachute opens? UL = i ft/sarrow_forwardAn astronaut is in space with a baseball and a bowling ball. The astronaut gives both objects an equal push in the same direction. Does the baseball have the same inertia as the bowling ball? Why? Does the baseball have the same acceleration as the bowling ball from the push? Why? If both balls are traveling at the same speed, does the baseball have the same momentum as the bowling ball?arrow_forwardConsider a human who weighs 862 N on Earth. What is the person's mass on Earth? And what is the same person's mass on Mars, where the acceleration due to gravity is 3.7 m/s2?arrow_forward
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