Principles Of Taxation For Business And Investment Planning 2020 Edition
23rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259969546
Author: Sally Jones, Shelley C. Rhoades-Catanach, Sandra R Callaghan
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 4, Problem 20AP
To determine
Determine the value of the preferential rate for
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n each of the following cases, discuss how the taxpayers might respond to a tax rate increase in a manner consistent with the income effect.
a. Mr. Edwards earns $32,000 a year as an employee, and Mrs. Edwards doesn’t work.b. Mr. Frank earns $22,000 a year as an employee, and Mrs. Frank earns $10,000 a year as a self-employed worker.c. Mr. George earns $22,000 a year as an employee, and Mrs. George earns $10,000 a year as an employee.
"At the beginning of the year, Mr. Lanier put $50,000 cash into Investment X. At the end of the year, he received a check for $2,800, representing his annual return on the investment. Mr. Lanier’s marginal tax rate on ordinary income is 37 percent. However, his return on Investment X is a capital gain taxed at 20 percent. Compute the value of the preferential rate to Mr. Lanier.
"
Hank, a calendar-year taxpayer, uses the cash method of accounting for his sole proprietorship. In late December, he performed $27,000 of legal services for a client. Hank typically requires his clients to pay his bills immediately upon receipt. Assume his marginal tax rate is 32 percent this year and will be 35 percent next year, and that he can earn an after-tax rate of return of 12 percent on his investments. Use Exhibit 3.1.
What is the after-tax income if Hank sends his client the bill in January?
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What is the after-tax income if Hank expects his marginal tax rate to be 24 percent next year and sends his client the bill in January?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Principles Of Taxation For Business And Investment Planning 2020 Edition
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1QPDCh. 4 - Mrs. K is about to begin a new business activity...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3QPDCh. 4 - On the basis of the discussion in this chapter and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5QPDCh. 4 - Why do income shifts and deduction shifts usually...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7QPDCh. 4 - Prob. 8QPDCh. 4 - Prob. 9QPDCh. 4 - Prob. 10QPD
Ch. 4 - Identify the reasons why managers should evaluate...Ch. 4 - Prob. 12QPDCh. 4 - Prob. 13QPDCh. 4 - Prob. 14QPDCh. 4 - Using the 2019 corporate tax rate: a. What are the...Ch. 4 - Refer to the individual rate schedules in Appendix...Ch. 4 - Refer to the individual rate schedules in Appendix...Ch. 4 - Ms. JK recently made a gift to her 19-year-old...Ch. 4 - Firm A has a 21 percent marginal tax rate, and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6APCh. 4 - Prob. 7APCh. 4 - Firm M and Firm N are related parties. For the...Ch. 4 - Company K has a 30 percent marginal tax rate and...Ch. 4 - Firm H has the opportunity to engage in a...Ch. 4 - What is the effect on the NPV of the restructured...Ch. 4 - French Corporation wishes to hire Leslie as a...Ch. 4 - Corporation R signed a contract to undertake a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14APCh. 4 - Lardo Inc. plans to build a new manufacturing...Ch. 4 - Prob. 16APCh. 4 - Prob. 17APCh. 4 - Prob. 18APCh. 4 - Prob. 19APCh. 4 - Prob. 20APCh. 4 - Refer to the facts in the preceding problem. At...Ch. 4 - For each of the following scenarios, indicate...Ch. 4 - Assume that Congress amends the tax law to provide...Ch. 4 - Firm L has 500,000 to invest and is considering...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1IRPCh. 4 - Mr. and Mrs. K own rental property that generates...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3IRPCh. 4 - Prob. 4IRPCh. 4 - Prob. 5IRPCh. 4 - Prob. 6IRPCh. 4 - Prob. 7IRPCh. 4 - Firm HR is about to implement an aggressive...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1TPCCh. 4 - Prob. 2TPCCh. 4 - Prob. 3TPCCh. 4 - Ms. Z has decided to invest 75,000 in state bonds....
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- How much taxable income should each of the following taxpayers report? a. Kimo builds custom surfboards. During the current year, his total revenues are 90,000, and he incurs 30,000 in expenses. Included in the 30,000 is a 10,000 payment to Kimos five-year-old son for services as an assistant. b. Manu gives hula lessons at a local bar. During the current year, she receives 9,000 in salary and 8,000 in tips. In addition, she engages in illegal behavior, for which she receives 10,000.arrow_forwardAt the beginning of the year, Mr. Lanier put $50,000 cash into Investment X. At the end of the year, he received a check for $2,800, representing his annual return on the investment. Mr. Lanier’s marginal tax rate on ordinary income is 37 percent. However, his return on Investment X is a capital gain taxed at 20 percent. At the beginning of the year, Mr. Lanier could have invested his $50,000 in Business Z with an 8 percent annual return. However, this return would have been ordinary income rather than capital gain. Required: Considering the fact that Mr. Lanier could have invested in Business Z, how much implicit tax did he pay with respect to Investment X? Did Mr. Lanier make the correct decision by putting his $50,000 into Investment X instead of Business Z?arrow_forwardManny, a calendar-year taxpayer, uses the cash method of accounting for his sole proprietorship. In late December he performed $22,000 of legal services for a client. Manny typically requires his clients to pay his bills immediately upon receipt. Assume Manny's marginal tax rate is 37 percent this year and next year, and that he can earn an after-tax rate of return of 8 percent on his investments. a. What is the after-tax income if Manny sends his client the bill in December? After-tax income b. What is the after-tax income if Manny sends his client the bill in January? Use Exhibit 3.1. (Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar amount.) After-tax income c. Based on requirements a and b, should Manny send his client the bill in December or January? O December O Januaryarrow_forward
- Michael earns $10,000, and his tax liability for the current year is $8,000, double what it was the previous year. to avoid penalties, how much do his combined payments (withholdings and ccredits) haave to be?arrow_forwardIsabel, a calendar year tax payer, uses the cash method of accounting for her soul proprietor ship. In late December she received a $60,000 bill from her accountant for consulting services related to her small business. Isabel can pay the $60,000 bill anytime before January 30 of next year without penalty. Assume her marginal tax rate is 37 percent this year and next year, and that she can earn an after-tax rate of return of 8 percent on her investments. What is the after-tax cost if Isabel pays the $60,000 bill in January?arrow_forwardThis year Lloyd, a single taxpayer, estimates that his tax liability will be $10,000. Last year, his total tax liability was $15,000. He estimates that his tax withholding from his employer will be $7,800. Required: a. How much does Lloyd need to increase his withholding by (for the year), in order to avoid the underpayment penalty? b. Assuming Lloyd does not make any additional payments, what is the amount of his underpayment penalty? Assume the federal short-term rate is 5 percent. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required A Required B How much does Lloyd need to increase his withholding by (for the year), in order to avoid the underpayment penalty? Increase in withholdingarrow_forward
- This year Lloyd, a single taxpayer, estimates that his tax liability will be $10,000. Last year, his total tax liability was $15,000.He estimates that his tax withholding from his employer will be $7,800.  a. How much does Lloyd need to increase his withholding by (for the year), in order to avoid the underpayment penalty?arrow_forwardHank, a calendar-year taxpayer, uses the cash method of accounting for his sole proprietorship. In late December, he performed $25,000 of legal services for a client. Hank typically requires his clients to pay his bills immediately upon receipt. Assume his marginal tax rate is 32 percent this year and will be 35 percent next year, and that he can earn an after-tax rate of return of 12 percent on his investments. Use Exhibit 3.1. Required: (PLEASE ONLY SOLVE QUESTION NUMBER 4) What is the after-tax income if Hank sends his client the bill in December? What is the after-tax income if Hank sends his client the bill in January? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar amount. Should Hank send his client the bill in December or January? What is the after-tax income if Hank expects his marginal tax rate to be 24 percent next year and sends his client the bill in January? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to…arrow_forwardThis year Lloyd, a single taxpayer, estimates that his tax liability will be $13,000. Last year, his total tax liability was $17,0 He estimates that his tax withholding from his employer will be $9,700. Required: a. How much does Lloyd need to increase his withholding by (for the year), in order to avoid the underpayment penalty b. Assuming Lloyd does not make any additional payments, what is the amount of his underpayment penalty? Assume short-term rate is 5 percent. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answers to 2 decimal places. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required A Required B Assuming Lloyd does not make any additional payments, what is the amount of his underpayment penalty? Assume the federal short-term rate is 5 percent. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answers to 2 decimal places. Required Withholding Penalty Per Quarter Dates April 15th June 15th September 15th January 15th Total…arrow_forward
- This year Lloyd, a single taxpayer, estimates that his tax liability will be $10,000. Last year, his total tax liability was $15,000.He estimates that his tax withholding from his employer will be $7,800. A. How much does Lloyd need to increase his withholding by (for the year), in order to avoid the underpayment penalty? B. Assuming Lloyd does not make any additional payments, what is the amount of his underpayment penalty? Assume the federal short-term rate is 5 percent Dates 15- Apr 15- Jun 15- Sep 15- Jan TTL Actual witholding Req witholding Over (under) witheld Penalty per qtrarrow_forwardCountry A has a tax rate of 5% on the first $20,000 of taxable income, then 20% on the next $30,000, then 50% on all taxable income above $50,000. Country A provides a $10,000 standard deduction. Person B earns $60,000 per year. He saves $5,000 in an 401(k). Calculate his top marginal tax rate and average tax rate. Person C earns $100,000 per year. She save $10,000 in a 401(k). Rather than use the standard deduction, she itemizes her deductions because she gives $15,000 to charity each year. Calculate the her top marginal rate and average tax rate.arrow_forwardThis year Lloyd, a single taxpayer, estimates that his tax liability will be $12,400. Last year, his total tax liability was $16,600. He estimates that his tax withholding from his employer will be $9,320. Assuming Lloyd does not make any additional payments, what is the amount of his underpayment penalty? Assume the federal short-term rate is 5 percent.arrow_forward
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