General Physics, 2nd Edition
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780471522782
Author: Morton M. Sternheim
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 31, Problem 3RQ
To determine
Longest and shortest range of ion
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General Physics, 2nd Edition
Ch. 31 - Prob. 1RQCh. 31 - Prob. 2RQCh. 31 - Prob. 3RQCh. 31 - Prob. 4RQCh. 31 - Prob. 5RQCh. 31 - Prob. 6RQCh. 31 - Prob. 7RQCh. 31 - Prob. 8RQCh. 31 - Prob. 9RQCh. 31 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 31 - Prob. 1ECh. 31 - Prob. 2ECh. 31 - Prob. 3ECh. 31 - Prob. 4ECh. 31 - Prob. 5ECh. 31 - Prob. 6ECh. 31 - Prob. 7ECh. 31 - Prob. 8ECh. 31 - Prob. 9ECh. 31 - Prob. 10ECh. 31 - Prob. 11ECh. 31 - Prob. 12ECh. 31 - Prob. 13ECh. 31 - Prob. 14ECh. 31 - Prob. 15ECh. 31 - Prob. 16ECh. 31 - Prob. 17ECh. 31 - Prob. 18ECh. 31 - Prob. 19ECh. 31 - Prob. 20ECh. 31 - Prob. 21ECh. 31 - Prob. 22ECh. 31 - Prob. 23ECh. 31 - Prob. 24ECh. 31 - Prob. 25ECh. 31 - Prob. 26ECh. 31 - Prob. 27ECh. 31 - Prob. 28ECh. 31 - Prob. 29ECh. 31 - Prob. 30ECh. 31 - Prob. 31ECh. 31 - Prob. 32ECh. 31 - Prob. 33ECh. 31 - Prob. 34ECh. 31 - Prob. 35ECh. 31 - Prob. 36ECh. 31 - Prob. 37ECh. 31 - Prob. 38ECh. 31 - Prob. 39ECh. 31 - Prob. 40ECh. 31 - Prob. 41ECh. 31 - Prob. 42ECh. 31 - Prob. 43ECh. 31 - Prob. 44ECh. 31 - Prob. 45ECh. 31 - Prob. 46ECh. 31 - Prob. 47ECh. 31 - Prob. 48ECh. 31 - Prob. 49ECh. 31 - Prob. 50ECh. 31 - Prob. 51ECh. 31 - Prob. 52ECh. 31 - Prob. 53ECh. 31 - Prob. 54ECh. 31 - Prob. 55ECh. 31 - Prob. 57E
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- When a nucleus (decays, does the (particle move continuously from inside the nucleus to outside? That is, does it travel each point along an imaginary line from inside to out? Explain.arrow_forwardData from the appendices and the periodic table may be needed for these problems. Unreasonable Results A nuclear physicist finds 1.0 (g of 236U in a piece of uranium ore and assumes ii is primordial since its halflife is 2.3107y. (a) Calculate the amount at 236U that would had to have been on Earth when it formed 4.5109y ago for 1.0 (g to be left today. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) What assumption is responsible?arrow_forwardIf two nuclei are to fuse in a nuclear reaction, they must be moving fast enough so that the repulsive Coulomb force between them does not prevent them for getting within R1014mof one another. At this distance or nearer, the attractive nuclear force can overcome the Coulomb force, and the nuclei are able to fuse. (a) Find a simple formula that can be used to estimate the minimum kinetic energy the nuclei must have if they are to fuse. To keep the calculation simple, assume the two nuclei are identical and moving toward one another with the same speed v. (b) Use this minimum kinetic energy to estimate the minimum temperature a gas of the nuclei must have before a significant number of them will undergo fusion. Calculate this minimum temperature first for hydrogen and then for helium. (Hint: For fusion to occur, the minimum kinetic energy when the nuclei are far apart must be equal to the Coulomb potential energy when they are a distance R apart.)arrow_forward
- The electrical power output of a large nuclear reactor facility is 900 MW. It has a 35.0% efficiency in converting nuclear power to electrical power. What is the thermal nuclear power output in megawatts? How many 235U nuclei fission each second, assuming the average fission produces 200 MeV? What mass of 235U is fissioned in 1 year of full-power operation?arrow_forwardDerive an approximate relationship between the energy of (decay and halflife using the following data. It may be useful to graph the leg t1/2 against Ea to find some straightline relationship. Table 31.3 Energy and HalfLife for (Decay Nuclide E( (MeV) t1/2 216Ra 9.5 0.18 (s 194Po 7.0 0.7 s 240Cm 6.4 27 d 226Ra 4.91 1600 y 232Th 4.1 1.41010yarrow_forwardIntegrated Concepts Estimate the density of a nucleus by calculating the density of a proton, taking it to be a sphere 1.2 fm in diameter. Compare your result with the value estimated in this chapter.arrow_forward
- The Galileo space probe was launched on its long journey past Venus and Earth in 1989, with an ultimate goal of Jupiter. Its power source is 11.0 kg of 238Pu, a by-product of nuclear weapons plutonium production. Electrical energy is generated thermoelectrically from the heat produced when the 5.59-MeV a panicles emitted in each decay crash to a halt inside the plutonium and its shielding. The half-life of 238Pu is 87.7 years. What was the original activity of the 238Pu in becquerels? What power was emitted in kilowatts? What power was emitted 12.0 y after launch? You may neglect any extra energy from daughter nuclides and any losses from escaping rays.arrow_forward(a) Calculate the energy released in the a decay of 238U. (b) What fraction of the mass at a single 238U is destroyed in the decay? The mass of 234Th is 234.043593 u. (c) Although the fractional mass loss is laws for a single nucleus, it is difficult to observe for an entire macroscopic sample of uranium. Why is this?arrow_forward(a) Neutron activation of sodium, which is 100% 23Na, produces 24Na, which is used in some heart scans, as seen in Table 32.1. The equation for the reaction is 23Na+n24Na+ . Find its energy output, given the mass of 24Na is 23.990962 u. (b) What mass at 24Na produces the needed 5.0mCi activity, given its halflife is 15.0 h?arrow_forward
- A radiationenhanced nuclear weapon (or neutron bomb) can have a smaller total yield and still produce more prompt radiation than a conventional nuclear bomb. This allows the use of neutron bombs to kill nearby advancing enemy forces with radiation without blowing up your own forces with the blast. For a 0.500kT radiationenhanced weapon and a 1.00kT conventional nuclear bomb: (a) Compare the blast yields. (b) Compare the prompt radiation yields.arrow_forwardThe ceramic glaze on a red-orange “Fiestaware” plate is U2O3and contains 50.0 grams of 238U, but very little 235U. (a) What is the activity of the plate? (b) Calculate the total energy that will be released by the 238U decay, (c) If energy is worth 12.0 cents per kWh , what is the monetary value of the energy emitted? (These brightly- colored ceramic plates went out of production some 30 years ago, but are still available as collectibles.)arrow_forwardThe electrical power output of a large nuclear reactor facility is 900 MW. It has a 35.0% efficiency in converting nuclear power to electrical. (a) What is the thermal nuclear power output in megawatts? (b) How many 235U nuclei fission each second, assuming the average fission produces 200 MeV? (c) What mass of 235U is fissioned in one year of fullpower operation?arrow_forward
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