Essential Cosmic Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135795033
Author: Bennett
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 7VSC
Use the information in the graphs to answer the following questions.
Check your understanding of some of the many types of visual information used in astronomy. For additional practice, try the Chapter 3 
Visual Quiz at Mastering Astronomy.
7. How far does the planet in question 6 orbit from the Sun?
a. 10 AU
b. 100 AU
c. 1000 AU
d.
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Question 1 (Total: 30 points)
a. What is a repeat ground-track orbit?
b. Explain why repeat ground-track and Sun-synchronous orbits are typically used for Earth observation missions.
c. The constraint for a Sun-synchronous and repeat ground-track orbit is given by T = 286, 400, where I is the orbital period in seconds, m the number of days and k
the number of revolutions. Explain why this is, in fact, a constraint on the semi-major axis of the orbit.
Unit 3: Final Assessment
Use your Digital Interactive Notebook, Peardeck Notes, and
Science Weekly Reading for assistance.
Question #1:
Which evidence first supported the heliocentric model of the solar
system?
A. mapping of stars using the unaided eye
B. taking pictures of distant galaxies with satellite-based cameras
C. determining that planets orbit in elliptical paths with telescopes
D. observing the surface features of nearby planets and moons
with telescopes
1. If people on Earth were viewing a total lunar eclipse, what would you see from your home on the Moon? Draw a diagram.
2. Why were the main reasons why the idea that the Earth was at the center of the universe lasted so long?
3. Discuss in 2 paragraphs the observations made by Galileo that disproved Geocentrism. Which one do you think was the most important?
4. Write down a hypothesis and observational experiment to test one of Newton’s laws of motion. EXPLAIN YOUR REASONING!
5. One of the first exoplanets discovered orbits the star 51 Pegasi with a period of just 4.2 days. 51 Pegasi is very similar to the Sun. Use Kepler’s laws to find the distance (in astronomical units) between the planet (unofficially named Bellerophon) and its star. SHOW YOUR WORK!
6. How does halving the distance between two objects affect the gravitational force between them?
7. Suppose the Sun were somehow replaced by a star with five times as much mass. What would happen to the gravitational force between…
Chapter 3 Solutions
Essential Cosmic Perspective
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - In what way is scientific thinking natural to all...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 3 - What is a lunar calendar? How can it be kept...
Ch. 3 - What do we mean by a model in science? Briefly...Ch. 3 - What do we mean by the Ptolemaic model? How did...Ch. 3 - What was the Copernican revolution, and how did it...Ch. 3 - What is an ellipse? Define its foci, semimajor...Ch. 3 - State and explain the meaning of each of Kepler’s...Ch. 3 - Describe the three hallmarks of science and...Ch. 3 - What is the difference between a hypothesis and a...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 3 - The Importance of Ancient Astronomy. Why was...Ch. 3 - The Impact of Science. The modern world is filled...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 3 - Earth’s Shape. It took thousands of years for...Ch. 3 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 39EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 3 - Halley Orbit. Halley’s comet orbits the Sun every...
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- between a planet and its moon. Procedure/Analysis: Go to: https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives/Circular-and-Satellite- Motion/Gravitational-Fields/Gravitational-Fields-Interactive Use the program to answer the following questions. 1. A planet and its moon are shown in the simulation window. Click and drag the moon to various positions about the planet and observe the gravitational force vector. In the diagram below, draw a force vector (arrow with arrowhead) to depict the direction and relative magnitude of the force acting upon the moon at the designated locations. Note: the size of the arrow should be representative of the strength of the force.arrow_forwardTopic: Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion Show the following in your answer: A. Diagram B.Given Quantities C. Unknown Quantities D. Complete Solution E. Round answers to 2 decimal places F. Express answer with the correct units The Hubble space telescope orbits Earth with an orbital speed of 7.6×103m/s. A. Calculate its altitude above Earth's surface. B. What is its period?arrow_forwardLet's use Kepler's laws for the inner planets. Use the following distances from the sun to calculate the orbital period for each of these planets. Express your answer in terms of Earth years to two significant figures. Answer for the highlighted planet in each question. Note: Use Kepler's law directly. Don't just Google the answers, as they will be a little bit different. When you have calculated them, only submit the value for Earth. Planet Distance from the sun Period of orbit around the sun Earth 150 million km ___ Earth years Mercury 58 million km ___ Earth years Venus 108 million km ___ Earth years Mars 228 million km ___ Earth yearsarrow_forward
- Explain what is meant by the distance ladder in astronomy. Describe briefly how each “rung” of the distance ladder is calibrated so that a reliable measure of distance can be obtained using each of the methods. State clearly the range of distances that can be measured by each method that makes up the distance ladder.arrow_forward2. On August 27, 2003, the planet Mars was at a distance of 0.373 AU from Earth. The diameter of Mars is 6788 km. a) Calculate the angular diameter of Mars, as seen from Earth on August 27, 2003. Give your answer in arcminutes.arrow_forwardPLEASE MAKE SURE THAT YOU ARE ANSWERING THE QUESTIONS USING YOUR OWN THOUGHTS. STRICTLY NO COPY PASTE PLEASE! Answer each questions in not less than 2 paragraphs: 3. What is astronomy? 4. What is Geocentric Model?arrow_forward
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Kepler's Three Laws Explained; Author: PhysicsHigh;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyR6EO_RMKE;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY