Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Series)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305970663
Author: Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. Mowen
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 35P
The management of Wheeler Company has decided to develop cost formulas for its major overhead activities. Wheeler uses a highly automated manufacturing process, and power costs are a significant
Required:
- 1. Prepare a scattergraph by plotting power costs against machine hours. Does the scatter-graph show a linear relationship between machine hours and power cost?
- 2. Using the high and low points, compute a power cost formula.
- 3. Use the method of least squares to compute a power cost formula. Evaluate the coefficient of determination.
- 4. Rerun the regression and drop the point (20,000; $26,000) as an outlier. Compare the results from this regression to those for the regression in Requirement 3. Which is better?
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Scattergraph, High–Low Method, and Predicting Cost for a Different Time Period from the One Used to Develop a Cost Formula
Farnsworth Company has gathered data on its overhead activities and associated costs for the past 10 months. Tracy Heppler, a member of the controller's department, has convinced management that overhead costs can be better estimated and controlled if the fixed and variable components of each overhead activity are known. One such activity is receiving raw materials (unloading incoming goods, counting goods, and inspecting goods), which she believes is driven by the number of receiving orders. Ten months of data have been gathered for the receiving activity and are as follows:
Month
Receiving Orders
Receiving Cost ($)
1
1,000
27,000
2
700
22,500
3
1,500
42,000
4
1,200
25,500
5
1,300
37,500
6
1,100
31,500
7
1,600
43,500
8
1,400
36,000
9
1,700
40,500
10
900
24,000
Required:
1. On your own paper, prepare a scattergraph based on the 10…
The management of Wheeler Company has decided to develop cost formulas for its major overhead activities. Wheeler uses a highly automated manufacturing process, and power costs are a significant manufacturing cost. Cost analysts have decided that power costs are mixed;
thus, they must be broken into their fixed and variable elements so that the cost behavior of the power usage activity can be properly described. Machine hours have been selected as the activity driver for power costs. The following data for the past eight quarters have been
collected:
2 25000
38000
3 30000 42500
4 22000 35000
5 21000 34000
6 18000 31400
7 24000 36000
8 28000 42000
Prompt
Work with your group members to answer the following prompts:
Prepare a scattergraph by plotting power costs against machine hours. Does the scattergraph show a linear relationship between machine hours and power cost? Use scattergraph method to draw a cost line that best fits the data and estimate the cost function.
Using high and low…
Schell Company manufactures automobile floor mats. It currently has two product lines, the Standard and the Deluxe. Suppose that
Schell has conducted further research into its overhead and potential cost drivers. As a result, the company has compiled the following
detailed information, breaking total overhead into three activity pools:
Activity Pools
Material handling
Quality control
Machine maintenance
Req 1
Cost Driver
Number of moves
Number of inspections
Number of machine hours
Req 2 and 3
Required:
1. Calculate the activity rates for each activity pool assuming Schell uses an ABC system.
2. Calculate the amount of overhead that Schell will assign to the Standard floor mat line.
3. Determine the amount of overhead Schell will assign to the Deluxe product line.
Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below.
Material Handling
Quality Control
Machine maintenance
Cost Assigned
to Pool
Activity Rate
$ 2,068.00
$ 8,640.00
$ 14,120.00
Calculate the activity rates for…
Chapter 3 Solutions
Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Series)
Ch. 3 - Why is knowledge of cost behavior important for...Ch. 3 - How does the length of the time horizon affect the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3DQCh. 3 - What is the relationship between flexible...Ch. 3 - What is the relationship between committed...Ch. 3 - Describe the difference between a variable cost...Ch. 3 - Why do mixed costs pose a problem when it comes to...Ch. 3 - Why is a scattergraph a good first step in...Ch. 3 - What are the advantages of the scatterplot method...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10DQ
Ch. 3 - What is meant by the best-fitting line? Is the...Ch. 3 - When is multiple regression required to explain...Ch. 3 - Explain the meaning of the learning curve. How do...Ch. 3 - Assume you are the manager responsible for...Ch. 3 - Some firms assign mixed costs to either the fixed...Ch. 3 - Callies Gym is a complete fitness center. Owner...Ch. 3 - Corazon Manufacturing Company has a purchasing...Ch. 3 - Darnell Poston, owner of Poston Manufacturing,...Ch. 3 - Dohini Manufacturing Company had the following 12...Ch. 3 - Refer to Cornerstone Exercise 3.4 for data on...Ch. 3 - The controller for Dohini Manufacturing Company...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7CECh. 3 - State Universitys football team just received a...Ch. 3 - Classify the following costs of activity inputs as...Ch. 3 - SmokeCity, Inc., manufactures barbeque smokers....Ch. 3 - Cashion Company produces chemical mixtures for...Ch. 3 - For the following activities and their associated...Ch. 3 - Prob. 13ECh. 3 - Vargas, Inc., produces industrial machinery....Ch. 3 - Penny Davis runs the Shear Beauty Salon near a...Ch. 3 - Shirrell Blackthorn is the accountant for several...Ch. 3 - Deepa Dalal opened a free-standing radiology...Ch. 3 - Prob. 18ECh. 3 - The controller of the South Charleston plant of...Ch. 3 - Lassiter Company used the method of least squares...Ch. 3 - Sweet Dreams Bakery was started five years ago by...Ch. 3 - Ginnian and Fitch, a regional accounting firm,...Ch. 3 - Bordner Company manufactures HVAC (heating,...Ch. 3 - Sharon Glessing, controller for Janson Company,...Ch. 3 - The graphs below represent cost behavior patterns...Ch. 3 - Starling Co. manufactures one product with a...Ch. 3 - Alard Manufacturing Company has a billing...Ch. 3 - Prob. 28ECh. 3 - Prob. 29ECh. 3 - Natur-Gro, Inc., manufactures composters. Based on...Ch. 3 - Rolertyme Company manufactures roller skates. With...Ch. 3 - St. Teresas Medical Center (STMC) offers a number...Ch. 3 - Big Mikes, a large hardware store, has gathered...Ch. 3 - Kimball Company has developed the following cost...Ch. 3 - The management of Wheeler Company has decided to...Ch. 3 - DeMarco Company is developing a cost formula for...Ch. 3 - Weber Valley Regional Hospital has collected data...Ch. 3 - Friendly Bank is attempting to determine the cost...Ch. 3 - Randy Harris, controller, has been given the...Ch. 3 - The Lockit Company manufactures door knobs for...Ch. 3 - Harriman Industries manufactures engines for the...Ch. 3 - Thames Assurance Company sells a variety of life...
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- Larsen, Inc., produces two types of electronic parts and has provided the following data: There are four activities: machining, setting up, testing, and purchasing. Required: 1. Calculate the activity consumption ratios for each product. 2. Calculate the consumption ratios for the plantwide rate (direct labor hours). When compared with the activity ratios, what can you say about the relative accuracy of a plantwide rate? Which product is undercosted? 3. What if the machine hours were used for the plantwide rate? Would this remove the cost distortion of a plantwide rate?arrow_forwardEvans, Inc., has a unit-based costing system. Evanss Miami plant produces 10 different electronic products. The demand for each product is about the same. Although they differ in complexity, each product uses about the same labor time and materials. The plant has used direct labor hours for years to assign overhead to products. To help design engineers understand the assumed cost relationships, the Cost Accounting Department developed the following cost equation. (The equation describes the relationship between total manufacturing costs and direct labor hours; the equation is supported by a coefficient of determination of 60 percent.) Y=5,000,000+30X,whereX=directlaborhours The variable rate of 30 is broken down as follows: Because of competitive pressures, product engineering was given the charge to redesign products to reduce the total cost of manufacturing. Using the above cost relationships, product engineering adopted the strategy of redesigning to reduce direct labor content. As each design was completed, an engineering change order was cut, triggering a series of events such as design approval, vendor selection, bill of materials update, redrawing of schematic, test runs, changes in setup procedures, development of new inspection procedures, and so on. After one year of design changes, the normal volume of direct labor was reduced from 250,000 hours to 200,000 hours, with the same number of products being produced. Although each product differs in its labor content, the redesign efforts reduced the labor content for all products. On average, the labor content per unit of product dropped from 1.25 hours per unit to one hour per unit. Fixed overhead, however, increased from 5,000,000 to 6,600,000 per year. Suppose that a consultant was hired to explain the increase in fixed overhead costs. The consultants study revealed that the 30 per hour rate captured the unit-level variable costs; however, the cost behavior of other activities was quite different. For example, setting up equipment is a step-fixed cost, where each step is 2,000 setup hours, costing 90,000. The study also revealed that the cost of receiving goods is a function of the number of different components. This activity has a variable cost of 2,000 per component type and a fixed cost that follows a step-cost pattern. The step is defined by 20 components with a cost of 50,000 per step. Assume also that the consultant indicated that the design adopted by the engineers increased the demand for setups from 20,000 setup hours to 40,000 setup hours and the number of different components from 100 to 250. The demand for other non-unit-level activities remained unchanged. The consultant also recommended that management take a look at a rejected design for its products. This rejected design increased direct labor content from 250,000 hours to 260,000 hours, decreased the demand for setups from 20,000 hours to 10,000 hours, and decreased the demand for purchasing from 100 component types to 75 component types, while the demand for all other activities remained unchanged. Required: 1. Using normal volume, compute the manufacturing cost per labor hour before the year of design changes. What is the cost per unit of an average product? 2. Using normal volume after the one year of design changes, compute the manufacturing cost per hour. What is the cost per unit of an average product? 3. Before considering the consultants study, what do you think is the most likely explanation for the failure of the design changes to reduce manufacturing costs? Now use the information from the consultants study to explain the increase in the average cost per unit of product. What changes would you suggest to improve Evanss efforts to reduce costs? 4. Explain why the consultant recommended a second look at a rejected design. Provide computational support. What does this tell you about the strategic importance of cost management?arrow_forwardThe controller of the South Charleston plant of Ravinia, Inc., monitored activities associated with materials handling costs. 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- The company is considering using a two-stage cost allocation system and wants to assess the effects on reported product profits. The company is considering using Engineering Hours and Users as the allocation base. Additional information follows. Toot! TiX Total Engineering hours 7,650 5,650 13,300 Users 9,500 17,100 26,600 Engineering – hour related administrative cost $ 114,380 User-related administrative cost $…arrow_forwardArklan Production is upgrading its manufacturing process from a manual process to a highly automated system. Management believes that the new system will result in greater efficiencies and a better finished product. Arklan is also working on a plan to downsize staff after the implementation of the new system. Arklan has used a traditional absorption costing system to calculate unit product costs for external financial reporting. In the past, Arklan has allocated its manufacturing overhead costs using a predetermined plant-wide overhead rate based on direct labor hours. The controller realizes that the new system may require changing the overhead allocation process. Management plans to take the opportunity to reconsider other improvements to the costing system. Identify and explain three benefits of using departmental overhead rates to allocate overhead costs. Explain the difference between absorption costing and variable costing. Identify which is more suitable for internal…arrow_forwardPinnacle Inc. has decided to switch from a traditional overhead allocation system to an ABC system. So far, the firm’s managers have decided that Pinnacle needs six different activity cost pools, including one for assembling products. When selecting a driver for this cost pool, Pinnacle’s managers should be sure to select -the product that appears to account for the majority of the costs in the product assembly pool. - the product that has the highest per-unit assembly cost. - the activity that appears to play the greatest role in determining the firm’s product assembly costs. - the activity that appears to play the greatest role in determining how many units the firm assembles in a given period.arrow_forward
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