Concept explainers
3-38 Complete the chart by writing formulas for the compounds formed:
Br- | MnO4- | O2- | NO3- | SO42- | PO43- | OH- | |
Li+ | |||||||
Ca2+ | |||||||
Co3+ | |||||||
K+ | |||||||
Cu2+ |
Interpretation:
Complete the chart by writing formulas.
Concept Introduction:
The compounds which contain ionic bond, which is a type of bond which formed between positive metal ion and negative, non-metal ions.
Answer to Problem 3.38P
The complete chart is as follows:
Explanation of Solution
Polyatomic ion is a group of covalently bonded nonmetal atoms which has an overall electrical charge.
In general, there are two types of ions: positive metal ions and negative non −metal ions.
When a neutral element gain electrons, the negative charge increases on it and it convert into negative ion. This negative ion is always greater than its parent atom.
Similarly, when a neutral element loss electrons, the negative charge decreases on it and it convert into positive ion. This positive ion is always smaller than its parent atom.
The general rules for writing formula of binary compound are as follows:
- To write the formula of positive ion first.
- The write the formula of negative ions after positive ion.
- Using criss-cross method, the charges of both the ions are interchanged.
- The formula shows the lowest whole-number ratio of both the ions.
For example: the symbols of the magnesium and chloride ions are as follows:
The formula of the ionic compound of these ions is as follows:
The complete chart is as follows:
The chart was completed using the criss-cross method, in which the respective ions are written with their formulas and charge and are then cross multiplied.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
- 3-46 Which formulas are not correct? For each that is not correct, write the correct formula. (a) Calcium oxide; CaO2 (b) Lithium oxide; LiO (c) Sodium hydrogen phosphate; NaHPO4 (d) Ammonium nitrate; NH4NO3arrow_forward3-41 Describe the structure of sodium chloride in the solid state.arrow_forward3-57 What is: (a) A single bond? (b) A double bond? (c) A triple bond?arrow_forward
- 3-56 How many covalent bonds are normally formed by each element? (a)N ( b)F (c)C (d)Br (e)Oarrow_forward3-45 Which formulas are not correct? For each that is not correct, write the correct formula. (a) Ammonium phosphate; (NH4 )2PO4 (b) Barium carbonate; Ba2CO3 (c) Aluminum sulfide; Al2S3 (d) Magnesium sulfide; MgSarrow_forward3-58 In Section 2-3B, we saw that there are seven diatomic elements. (a) Draw Lewis structures for each of these diatomic elements. (b) Which diatomic elements are gases at room temperature? Which are liquids? Which are solids?arrow_forward
- 3-50 Name the polyatomic ion(s) in each compound. (a) Na2SO3 (b) KNO3 (c) Cs2CO3 (d) NH4OH (e) K2HPO4 (f) Ca(ClO4)2arrow_forward3-67 Why does nitrogen have three bonds and one unshared pair of electrons in covalent compounds?arrow_forward2-97 Explain why the Ca3+ ion is not found in chemical compounds.arrow_forward
- 3-70 Draw a Lewis structure of a covalent compound in which oxygen has: (a) Two single bonds and two unshared pairs of electrons (b) One double bond and two unshared pairs of electronsarrow_forward3-68 Draw a Lewis structure of a covalent compound in which nitrogen has: (a) Three single bonds and one unshared pair of electrons (b) One single bond, one double bond, and one unshared pair of electrons (c) One triple bond and one unshared pair of electronsarrow_forward3-99 Knowing what you do about covalent bonding in compounds of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen and given the fact that silicon is just below carbon in the Periodic Table, phosphorus is just below nitrogen, and sulfur is just below oxygen, predict the molecular formula for the compound formed by (a) silicon and chlorine, (b) phosphorus and hydrogen, and (c) sulfur and hydrogen.arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning