Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 12PIAT
QUANTITATIVE Toucans can eat fruits with large seeds because their large bills can open very wide. Most other birds in the same forest can only eat small seeds. Ecologist Mauro Galetti and his colleagues measured the seed sizes of palms in forest fragments with and without toucans. The graphs show two of the forest populations they studied. What is the take-home message of the data?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
a.Toucans can eat fruits with large seeds because their large bills can open very wide. Most other birds in the same forest can only eat small seeds. Ecologist Mauro Galetti and his colleagues measured the seed sizes of palms in forest fragments with and without toucans. The graphs show two of the forest populations they studied. What is the take-home message of the data?
b.Large seeds carry more resources than small seeds and tend to have a higher rate of survival, especially after being dispersed by a bird. Predict how the local extinction of toucans will affect the palm population over time.
You've been out in the field collecting data on the predation of holly leaves. You collect 200 leaves in total of which 100 leaves contain one mine, 20 leaves contain 2 mines and 30 leaves contain 3 mines. After close examination with your hand lens and dissecting microscope you categorize a total of 15 mines with round holes, 9 mines that were torn open and 27 mines with an irregular hole. After some basic analyses you conclude that the predation rates by blue tits and wasps are:
A.
3.7% and 6.5%
B.
6% and 10%
C.
10% and 6%
D.
4% and 6.5%
Aphids and ants can have a mutualistic relationship. Aphids exude sugary substances that provide energy for ants and ants can defend aphid colonies from predators. This experiment measured the population growth rate of aphids vs the number of aphids at the start of the experiment on plants where ants were present or absent. Please select all the statements that are reasonable interpretations of this graph. Select all that apply.
A. When starting populations are low, the presence of ants does not matter. Their importance increases with higher starting population densities.
B. It appears that aphid populations founded with 12 individuals grow faster than aphid populations founded with 24 individuals when compared to each other in the same ant treatment..
C. none of the above.
D. The growth of rate of aphid populations was significantly higher when tended by ants than aphid population that were not tended
E. Ants seem to be necessary for small founding populations of…
Chapter 23 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 23 - PROCESS OF SCIENCE In what sense is the...Ch. 23 - 2. Why isn’t inbreeding considered an evolutionary...Ch. 23 - 3. CAUTION Why is genetic drift aptly named?
a. It...Ch. 23 - 4. True or false? Gene flow can either increase or...Ch. 23 - 5. QUANTITATIVE In a population of 2500, how many...Ch. 23 - 6. In the 1700s and 1800s, royalty in Europe often...Ch. 23 - 7. CAUTION Determine what is incorrect in the...Ch. 23 - MODEL Draw a small concept map (BioSkllls 12 )...Ch. 23 - 9. QUANTITATIVE In humans, albinism is caused by...Ch. 23 - Prob. 10TYPSS
Ch. 23 - Are toucans important to tropical forests? Human...Ch. 23 - QUANTITATIVE Toucans can eat fruits with large...Ch. 23 - 13. Do these data illustrate directional,...Ch. 23 - 14. Large seeds carry more resources than small...Ch. 23 - 15. PROCESS OF SCIENCE The data in the graphs are...Ch. 23 - 16. SOCIETY If you were a journalist covering this...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In 1929, 13 white-tailed deer were introduced to an isolated island with no natural predators. A survey was conducted once a year to estimate the population of deer on the island. The table shows the deer population over the first five years on the island. The deer fed on many of the native plants found on the island, including the California false indigo, a thornless shrub that is a preferred food source on the island for deer. Based on the data, which of the following graphs correctly predicts the population of California false indigo from 1929 to 1941? Year of Survey Population of Deer 1929 13 1932 29 1935 66 1938 157 1941 398 image 1 because the California false indigo will be able to reproduce faster than it can be consumed by the deer and will be unaffected by the deer population, maintaining its current population image 2 because the increasing number of deer will help spread seeds of the plant and lead to a rise in…arrow_forwardThere are two pots of honey (2 patches of habitat). In one pot there is 3 pounds of honey, and in the other there is 7 pounds of honey. A total of 20 bees arrive to eat honey. How many should reed from the pot with 7 pounds of honey if the bees select pots to feed from according to an "ideal free distribution"?arrow_forwardConsider two bird species that forage for insects that live in shrubs. The shrubs have a clumped, patchy distribution throughout their habitat. The two bird species have the same ability to locate, capture, and consume the insects. However, one species (species A) uses less energy to fly from patch to patch than the other species (species B). According to the marginal value theorem, which bird species should spend more time in each patch, and why?arrow_forward
- Mclver beetles come in three colors: black, white, and brown. They are consumed by the Foust finch. To avoid predators, the beetles hide on the bark of trees in their environments. If the number of trees with black bark was significantly greater than the number of trees with white or brown bark, what would be the effect on the predation of Mclver beetles by the Foust finches? Far fewer black beetles would I + Which of the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium would be violated in this situation? V [ Select ] Genes are now mutating. Mating is no longer random. The population size is now much larger. The population would experience natural selection pressures. There is now immigration of individuals into the population.arrow_forwardAn alpine wildflower species varies in flower color. There are red-flowered plants (RR), red and white-flowered plants (RW) and white-flowered plants (WW) in population. Initially, the genotype frequencies are red RR= 0.35, red/white RW=0.34. and white WW=.31 Flower color affects reproduction success because it influences pollinator behavior. After a new pollinator colonizes the meadow where this wildflower lives, the average number of offspring per plant is red=105, red/white= 89, white =96 What will be the genotype frequencies in the first generation of plants following natural selection due to the new pollinator? Round all values to 2 decimal places In the rationale, explain how you arrived at the answer A. RR=.71 RW=.07 WW=.22 B. RR=.34 RW=.60 WW=.06 C.RR=.68 RW=.23 WW=.09 D. RR=.45 RW=.52 WW=.03 E RR=.38 WW=.31 WW=.31 F. RR=.35RW=.34 WW=.31 Rationale:_______________________________________arrow_forwardAfrican elephants are threatened by poachers, who kill the elephants for their tusks. Both male and female elephants can grow tusks. There are some elephants that are tuskless (do not grow tusks). In the elephant population of Gorongosa National Park, the number of female elephants was monitored for many years. The graphs show the total female elephant population and the percent of tuskless females in that population from 1970 to 2015. Which of the following describes the trend in the female elephant population from 1970 to 1995 ? The overall population decreased, and the proportion without tusks increased. Answer A: The overall population decreased, and the proportion without tusks increased. A The overall population decreased, and the proportion without tusks decreased. Answer B: The overall population decreased, and the proportion without tusks decreased. B The overall population increased and then decreased, and the proportion without tusks…arrow_forward
- The large and heavy seeds of the limber pine (Pinus flexilis) lack the wings on seeds characteristic of most pines. The seeds are the primary food source for Clark’s nutcracker which harvests seeds after the cones open. It then caches thousands of seeds each summer and fall in locations far from the original tree to eat later in the year. During years when many cones and seeds are produced, the nutcracker caches 3-5x the number of seeds actually eaten. When they are present, tree squirrels remove the cone before it opens before the seeds are fully developed, and will eat the seeds immediately or cache the cone for later consumption. Question: Scientists were interested to see whether the two seed harvesters would affect seed and cone traits. They compared cone and seed traits in areas that had nutcrackers but tree squirrels were either present or absent. Where squirrels were present, cone mass was larger but there were fewer seeds per cone, and smaller kernels per seed. What do the…arrow_forwardReview the following figure, and then answer the two questions that follow. a)Given that beak size in mature adults does not change, what factor is driving the change in average beak size in Galápagos finches over time? Seed number Seed size Rainfall amounts Both b. and c. All of the above. b)What would you predict about beak size if the Galápagos experiences a wet year? More birds with small beaks will survive More birds with large beaks will survive Both a. and b. All of the abovearrow_forwardAs described, all trees are sampled at the same time and in the same general locality. Using your general biological knowledge (no need to research the literature to answer this question – use your knowledge and understanding of the natural world as a biologist), provide possible biological and/or ecological reasons why sycamore aphid numbers and distributions may differ between leaves on the same tree (3 reasons) and why aphid numbers and distribution patterns may differ between trees (2 reasons)? write 2 sentences for each reasonarrow_forward
- Figure 5. This figure shows the number of individuals of three tree species (Blue Pine, Black Oak, and Rusty Cactus) on a woodlot in eastern Ontario, Canada. For each statement, select TRUE if it is consistent, or FALSE if it is not consistent with the information presented above. The carrying capacity of Rusty Cactus is between 10 and 20 in this woodlot. options: True Falsearrow_forwardDarwin’s finches have different beaks in terms of size and shape to be able to eat different food sources like insects, nectar, and seeds. Cactus finches have longer, more pointed beaks to probe cactus flowers compared to their relatives, the ground finches. If a plant disease killed a large portion of the cacti on the Galapagos islands, what would the future populations of finches look like in terms of beak size and shape? Use your knowledge of natural selection to determine which option is most likely. Ground finches would survive and pass on their shorter and wider beaks, so there would be a higher proportion of finches in future generations that have short and wide beaks. Ground finches would survive and pass on their beaks, but they would mate with the remaining cactus finches, creating a new hybrid that is somewhere between short versus long and narrow versus wide. Cactus finches would compete for food with ground finches and exhibit resource partitioning, so the beaks…arrow_forwardThese data were collected over a 5-year period for a perennial compass plant. What is the rate of growth of the population if the carrying capacity is 1000 (using 202 for starting population size)? What is the fastest rate of growth possible for this population?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Evidence for Evolution - Biogeography; Author: Viced Rhino;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=304wIG6H11E;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY