Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Technology Update
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305401969
Author: SERWAY, Raymond A.; Jewett, John W.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 2, Problem 85CP
(a)
To determine
The distance of separation between the top of well and surface of water.
(b)
To determine
The percentage error in value of
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a stone is thrown vertically upward over the top of the wall with a velocity of 21 m/s and the splash is heard in 5.05 seconds. If the velocity of sound is constant at 350 m/s, determine the depth of the wall
You place your ear onto a steel railroad track and hear the sound of a distant train through the rails Δt = 3.6 seconds faster than you do through the air. The speed of sound in steel is vs = 6100 m/s while in air the speed of sound is va = 343 m/s.
(a) Write an equation for the time it takes the sound to reach you through the air if the distance to the train is represented by D.
(b) Write an equation for the time it takes the sound to reach you through the steel if the distance to the train is represented by D. (c) Use the difference in these two times to write an equation for the distance to the train. (d) For the given information find the distance to the train in meters.
During a thunderstorm, 5.0 s elapses between observing a lightning flash and hearing the resulting thunder. Approximately how far away in kilometers and miles was the lightning flash? (Assume the speed of sound is 344 m/s.)
Chapter 2 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Technology Update
Ch. 2.1 - Under which of the following conditions is the...Ch. 2.2 - Are officers in the highway patrol more interested...Ch. 2.4 - Make a velocitytime graph for the car in Figure...Ch. 2.4 - If a car is traveling eastward and slowing down,...Ch. 2.5 - Which one of the following statements is true? (a)...Ch. 2.6 - In Figure 2.12, match each vxt graph on the top...Ch. 2.7 - Consider the following choices: (a) increases, (b)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1OQCh. 2 - A racing car starts from rest at t = 0 and reaches...Ch. 2 - Prob. 3OQ
Ch. 2 - When applying the equations of kinematics for an...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5OQCh. 2 - Prob. 6OQCh. 2 - When the pilot reverses the propeller in a boat...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8OQCh. 2 - A skateboarder starts from rest and moves down a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10OQCh. 2 - Prob. 11OQCh. 2 - A pebble is dropped from rest from the top of a...Ch. 2 - A student at the top of a building of height h...Ch. 2 - You drop a ball from a window located on an upper...Ch. 2 - A pebble is released from rest at a certain height...Ch. 2 - A ball is thrown straight up in the air. For which...Ch. 2 - Prob. 17OQCh. 2 - Each of the strobe photographs (a), (b), and (c)...Ch. 2 - If the average velocity of an object is zero in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2CQCh. 2 - If a car is traveling eastward, can its...Ch. 2 - Prob. 4CQCh. 2 - Prob. 5CQCh. 2 - You throw a ball vertically upward so that it...Ch. 2 - (a) Can the equations of kinematics (Eqs....Ch. 2 - (a) Can the velocity of an object at an instant of...Ch. 2 - Two cars are moving in the same direction in...Ch. 2 - Position, Velocity, and Speed The position versus...Ch. 2 - The speed of a nerve impulse in the human body is...Ch. 2 - A person walks first at a constant speed of 5.00...Ch. 2 - A particle moves according to the equation x =...Ch. 2 - The position of a pinewood derby car was observed...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6PCh. 2 - A positiontime graph for a particle moving along...Ch. 2 - An athlete leaves one end of a pool of length L at...Ch. 2 - Find the instantaneous velocity of the particle...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10PCh. 2 - Prob. 11PCh. 2 - A car travels along a straight line at a constant...Ch. 2 - A person takes a trip, driving with a constant...Ch. 2 - Prob. 14PCh. 2 - Prob. 15PCh. 2 - A child rolls a marble on a bent track that is 100...Ch. 2 - Figure P2.9 shows a graph of vx versus t for the...Ch. 2 - (a) Use the data in Problem 3 to construct a...Ch. 2 - A particle starts from rest and accelerates as...Ch. 2 - An object moves along the x axis according to the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 21PCh. 2 - Draw motion diagrams for (a) an object moving to...Ch. 2 - Each of the strobe photographs (a), (b), and (c)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 24PCh. 2 - An electron in a cathode-ray tube accelerates...Ch. 2 - Prob. 26PCh. 2 - A parcel of air moving in a straight tube with a...Ch. 2 - A truck covers 40.0 m in 8.50 s while smoothly...Ch. 2 - An object moving with uniform acceleration has a...Ch. 2 - In Example 2.7, we investigated a jet landing on...Ch. 2 - Prob. 31PCh. 2 - Solve Example 2.8 by a graphical method. On the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 33PCh. 2 - Why is the following situation impossible?...Ch. 2 - Prob. 35PCh. 2 - Prob. 36PCh. 2 - Prob. 37PCh. 2 - Prob. 38PCh. 2 - A glider of length moves through a stationary...Ch. 2 - A glider of length 12.4 cm moves on an air track...Ch. 2 - Prob. 41PCh. 2 - At t = 0, one toy car is set rolling on a straight...Ch. 2 - Prob. 43PCh. 2 - Prob. 44PCh. 2 - Prob. 45PCh. 2 - An attacker at the base of a castle wall 3.65 m...Ch. 2 - Prob. 47PCh. 2 - Prob. 48PCh. 2 - Prob. 49PCh. 2 - The height of a helicopter above the ground is...Ch. 2 - Prob. 51PCh. 2 - Prob. 52PCh. 2 - Prob. 53PCh. 2 - At time t = 0, a student throws a set of keys...Ch. 2 - Prob. 55PCh. 2 - Prob. 56PCh. 2 - Prob. 57PCh. 2 - A student drives a moped along a straight road as...Ch. 2 - The speed of a bullet as it travels down the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 60APCh. 2 - The froghopper Philaenus spumarius is supposedly...Ch. 2 - Prob. 62APCh. 2 - Prob. 63APCh. 2 - In Figure 2.11b, the area under the velocitytime...Ch. 2 - Prob. 65APCh. 2 - A woman is reported to have fallen 144 ft from the...Ch. 2 - An elevator moves downward in a tall building at a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 68APCh. 2 - Prob. 69APCh. 2 - Prob. 70APCh. 2 - At t = 0, one athlete in a race running on a long,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 72APCh. 2 - Prob. 73APCh. 2 - Prob. 74APCh. 2 - Two objects, A and B, are connected by hinges to a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 76APCh. 2 - Prob. 77APCh. 2 - Prob. 78APCh. 2 - Prob. 79APCh. 2 - Prob. 80APCh. 2 - Prob. 81CPCh. 2 - Prob. 82CPCh. 2 - In a womens 100-m race, accelerating uniformly,...Ch. 2 - Two thin rods are fastened to the inside of a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 85CP
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- During a thunderstorm, a frightened child is soothed by learning to estimate the distance to a lightning strike by counting the time between seeing the lightning and hearing the thunder (Fig. P2.25). The speed vs of sound in air depends on the air temperature, but assume the value is 343 m/s. The speed of light c is 3.00 108 m/s. a. A child sees the lightning and then counts to eight slowly before hearing the thunder. Assume the light travel time is negligible. Estimate the distance to the lightning strike. b. Using your estimate in part (a), find the light travel time. Is it fair to neglect the light travel time? c. Think about how time was measured in this problem. Is it fair to neglect the difference between the speed of sound in cold air (vs at 0C = 331.4 m/s) and the speed of sound in very warm air (vs at 40C = 355.4 m/s)?arrow_forwardA student drops a water-filled balloon from the roof of the tallest building in town trying to hit her roommate on the ground (who is too quick). The first student ducks back but hears the water splash 4.021 s after dropping the balloon. If the speed of sound is 331 m/s, find the height of the building, neglecting air resistance.arrow_forwardA man drops a rock into a well. (a) The man hears the sound of the splash 2.40 s after he releases the rock from rest. The speed of sound in air (at the ambient temperature) is 336 m/s. How far below the top of the well is the surface of the water? (b) What If? If the travel time for the sound is ignored, what percentage error is introduced when the depth of the well is calculated?arrow_forward
- Trying to determine its depth, a rock climber drops a pebble into a chasm and hears the pebble strike the ground 3.46 s later.(a) If the speed of sound in air is 343 m/s at the rock climber's location, what is the depth of the chasm? ?m (b) What is the percentage of error that would result from assuming the speed of sound is infinite? ?%arrow_forwardAn enormous thunderstorm covers Dallas-Ft. Worth. Your best friend Clark is a storm chaser and heads to the center of the storm to take some readings while you stay dry at home. While Clark is at the center of the storm, he sees and hears lightning strike a tree that is 185 m from where he is standing. You are 134 km from the tree. How long does it take for the sound to reach Clark? Assume the speed of sound is 343 m/s. How long does it take for the light to reach you?arrow_forwardSound produced by a thunderstorm is heard 10 s after the lightning is seen. Calculate the approximate distance of the thunder cloud. (Given speed of sound = 340 m/s)arrow_forward
- An enormous thunderstorm covers Dallas-Ft. Worth. Your best friend Clark is a storm chaser and heads to the center of the storm to take some readings while you stay dry at home. While Clark is at the center of the storm, he sees and hears lightning strike a tree that is 184 m from where he is standing. You are 144 km from the tree. How long does it take for the sound to reach Clark? Assume the speed of sound is 343 m/s.________________ sHow long does it take for the light to reach you?_____________ sarrow_forwardA rock is thrown downward into a well that is 8.76 m deep. If the splash is heard 1.02 seconds later, what was the initial speed of the rock?arrow_forwardA boy on a hill A fires a gun. The other boy on hill B hears the sound after 4 s. If the speed of sound is 330 m s-1, find the distance between the two hills.arrow_forward
- A bat uses echolocation to detect prey as small as about 1 wavelength of the sound of a bat call. Assume a bat produces a sound with a frequency of 60.9 kHz, and the speed of sound in air is 339 m/s. What is the length in mm of the smallest prey the bat can detect?arrow_forwardAn osprey (a type of hawk) has a distinct call: a whistle at 2100 Hz. An osprey calls while diving at you — you’ve gotten too close to her nest and she wants to drive you away! The frequency you perceive is 2400 Hz. How fast is the osprey approaching? (The speed of sound in air varies with temperature, but in this problem you can take it to be 343 m/s, the speed at 20◦C.)arrow_forwardA screwdriver is dropped from the top of an elevator shaft. Exactly 5.0 seconds later, the sound of the screwdriver hitting bottom is heard. How deep is the shaft? The shaft is approximately (Round to the nearest tenth.) feet deep. Hint: The distance that a dropped object falls in t seconds is represented by the formula s = 16t². The speed of sound is 1100 ft/sec.arrow_forward
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