Concept explainers
While strolling downtown on a Saturday Afternoon, you stumble across an old car show. As you are walking along an alley toward a main street, you glimpse a particularly stylish Alpha Romeo pass by. Tall buildings on either side of the alley obscure your view, so you see the car only as it passes between the buildings. Thinking back to your physics class, you realize that you can calculate the car’s acceleration. You estimate the width of the alleyway between the two buildings to be 4 m. The car was in view for 0.5 s. You also heard the engine rev when the car started from a red light, so you know the Alpha Romeo started from rest 2 s before you first saw it. Find the magnitude of its acceleration.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
- You are watching ants dig through an ant farm as an exercise in relaxation and mindfulness, and you become fixated on one ant. From your point of view, the ant farm appears as a 2D plane in which ants can move vertically (up/down) or horizontally (Ileft right). The ant starts by walking up at a speed of 5.8 millimeters per second (mm/s). After 19 seconds, it turn left. The tunnel that the ant is crawling through is a bit more constricted, and so it slows down to 0.7 mm/s and continues walking in that direction for another 12 seconds. WVhen it reaches the edge of the ant farm, it turns right and tries to walk along the wall to reach the surface. With the sun inview, it speeds up to 6.4 mm/s for 11 seconds until it finally reaches the surface. At this point, how far (in centimeters) is the ant from its starting point? Note: 1 mm - 10 m, 1 cm = 10 marrow_forwardA. Without finding T and N, write the acceleration of the motion a(t) to the position vector r(t) = (1)i + (t+)j+ (t-P) k in the form a(t) = a, T+ an N at the value of t 1.arrow_forwardThe Lost Drone. You and your team are exploring the edge of an Antarctic mountain range and you send a drone ahead to help navigate. After takeoff you lose sight of the drone and, a few seconds later, the controls malfunction and the drone stops sending visual images and navigational information except for speed and directional data. Changing speeds erratically, the drone heads west until it makes a drastic turn at the 5-minute mark to B = 30° east of south. After nearly ten minutes, the speed drops to zero and the drone stops sending data. It has crashed. Using the speed/directional data, the team draws up the graph shown below. (a) How far is the drone from you? (b) In what direction must you go to retrieve it? Express your result as a geographical direction west of south. 20 (s/w) / Velocity 15 10 LO 5 0 0 WEST 100 200 300 Time t (s) 3° East of South 400 500 600arrow_forward
- You are assigned to do some calculations for a movie stunt that involves a car on a straight road. The road, pictured above, has a hill that rises 8.0 m above the flat region. The top of the hill is a circular arc of radius 20 m. You need to determine whether a car traveling under certain conditions will lose contact with the road at the top of the hill. There is a stop sign 50 m from the beginning of the hill. You are to assume that a car of mass 1600 kg accelerates uniformly from rest at the stop sign, has a speed of when it reaches the beginning of the hill, and then coasts with the engine off. Assume energy losses due to friction and air resistance are negligible. Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of the car during the first 50 m. Calculate the time it takes the car to reach the beginning of the hill. Calculate the magnitude of the net force required to accelerate the car during the first 50 m.arrow_forwardYou take a three-day hiking. On the first day, you travel 5.0 km heading east. On the second you enjoyed the scenery so much you forgot to take note how far you have walked and in what direction. On the third day, after wandering for 8.5 km and in the direction 370 south of west, you found yourself in the base camp. Determine your displacement during the second day of your trip.arrow_forwardA. Without finding T and N, write the acceleration of the motion a(t) to the position vector r(t) = (t?)i + (t+t)j+ (t-t) k %3D in the form a(t) = ar T+ aN N at the value of t 1.arrow_forward
- Pr1. The speed of a cyclist along the horizontal road is 16 km/h, 12 km/h upward and 24 km/h downward. Once the cyclist went from the village to the town, and it took 3 hours to get to the town and to go back to the village. How far is the city from the village?arrow_forwardIn your new job, you are the technical advisor for the writers of a gangster movie about Bonnie and Clyde. In one scene Bonnie and Clyde try to flee from one state to another. If they get across the state line, they could evade capture, at least for a while until they become Federal fugitives. In the script, Bonnie is driving down the highway at 108 km/hr and passes a concealed police car that is 1 km from the state line. The instant Bonnie and Clyde pass the patrol car, the cop pulls onto the highway and accelerates at a constant rate of 2 m/s2. The writers want to know if they make it across the state line before the pursuing cop catches up with themarrow_forwardA helicopter leaves its base and travels 20.0 km north. After a brief stop, it flies 35.7 km south, pauses briefly and then flies 17.0 km north. Finally, it flies 6.0 km south and lands. At the end of the trip, what is the displacement of the helicopter from its base?arrow_forward
- Morty is supposed to meet up with Rick, who is 50 mi north and 100 mi east of Morty,after exploring a new planet. Morty starts by driving east, but after 30 mi he comes to a detour that takes him 15 mi south before going east again. He then drives 8 mi east before his motorcycle runs out of gas. Rick flies over in his spaceship to pick him up. What is Rick’s displacement vector? Give your answer (a) in component form, using a coordinate system in which the y-axis points north, and (b) as a magnitude and direction.arrow_forwarda. A student on her way to school walks East in a straight line 24 meters towards the bus stop, but realizes she dropped her physics notebook along the way. She turns around to retrace her steps. She walks 15 meters West before finding it and then runs the remaining 40 meters East to the bus stop. Assume her home is the reference point. - What is her total distance traveled? (m) - What is her total displacement? ___m to the a. west, b. east, c. no direction, d. north, e. south b. An ant is crawling along a yardstick that is pointed with the 0-inch mark to the east and the 36-inch mark to the west. It starts at the 8-inch mark, crawls to the 21-inch mark, then moves to the 18-inch mark. -What was the total distance the ant traveled? (in) -What was the total displacement of the ant? _____in to the a. west, b. east, c. no directionarrow_forwardThe Lost Drone. You and your team are exploring the edge of an Antarctic mountain range and you send a drone ahead to help navigate. After takeoff you lose sight of the drone and, a few seconds later, the controls malfunction and the drone stops sending visual images and navigational information except for speed and directional data. Changing speeds erratically, the drone heads west until it makes a drastic turn at the 5-minute mark to -30° east of south. After nearly ten minutes, the speed drops to zero and the drone stops sending data. It has crashed. Using the speed/directional data, the team draws up the graph shown below. (a) How far is the drone from you? (b) In what direction must you go to retrieve it? Express your result as a geographical direction west of south. 24 (a) Number i (b) Number i Velocity v (m/s) 18 12 6 0 0 100 WEST Units Units 200 300 Time t (s) 3° East of South 400 west of south. 500 600arrow_forward
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