Our Origins: Discovering Physical Anthropology (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393614008
Author: Clark Spencer Larsen
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 2, Problem 2SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution states that all organisms developed and raised from natural selection with some small changes and inherited variation that acquired by the organism to survive, compete, and reproduce.
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What is the difference between evolution, natural selection, and artificial selection?
A.
Evolution is a genetic change in a population over time which can occur through natural selection.
Artificial selection is the differential reproduction of individuals in a population to promote the characteristics chosen by the breeder.
B.
Natural selection is the change of allele frequencies in a population over time.
Evolution leads to differential survival and reproduction of individuals.
Artificial selection has produced domesticated animals and plants.
C.
Evolution is a mechanism of artificial selection.
Natural selection is a form of artificial selection in which nature selects the characteristics that are most beneficial to a species.
D.
Artificial selection is a mechanism of evolution and is the main process of domesticating animals and plants for human use.
Natural selection is the same as evolution.
Which aspect(s) of natural selection is(are) illustrated by the figure below? Check ALL answers that apply.
A.
Variation among individuals must be genetically transmissible to the next generation.
B.
Variation must exist in a population.
C.
Variation among individuals leads to differences in lifetime reproductive success.
D.
More individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support, resulting in competition for survival.
What does the term evolution mean?
A.
The characteristics of species become more complex over time.
B.
The strongest individuals produce the most offspring.
C.
The characteristics of an individual change through the course of its life, in response to natural selection.
D.
The characteristics of populations change through time.
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Our Origins: Discovering Physical Anthropology (Fourth Edition)
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What does “descent with modification” mean?a. Populations that change quickly are likely to become extinct.b. Inherited traits change from generation to generation.c. Tracing an evolutionary tree from top to bottom reveals changes inspecies diversity.d. Parents change their own features before passing them on to offspring.arrow_forwardWhich statement best summarizes why genetic drift tends to impact small populations more than large populations? A. Small populations have a heterozygote advantage because heterozygotes are more common than homozygotes. B. Small populations have a smaller gene pool, so random changes influence them more. C. Small populations have a relatively large gene pool, so the founder effect stabilizes their alleles.D. Small populations tend to experience directional selection, making one phenotype more common.arrow_forwardBiology Which of the following is NOT a requirement of natural selection? a. non-random mutations b. variation is heritable c. variation within a population d. non-random survival and reproduction Which person has the greatest fitness? a. 65-year old man with 3 children and 2 grandchildren b. 35-year-old man with 3 children c. 70-year-old woman with 3 children, 10 grandchildren, and 2 great grandchild d. 100-year-old woman with 4 childrenarrow_forward
- Which of the four evolutionary mechanisms make a population better adapted to its environment? A. Migration B. Genetic drift C. Mutations D. Natural selection. arrow_forwardWhen taking the question, it would appear as: Consider global warming, a continual gradual increase in average temperatures. How might you expect this to affect natural selection? A.environmental changes are unpredictable, and natural selection is a random process, so it is difficult to predict outcome B.species from warmer climates are likely to expand their ranges into higher latitudes C.traits that increase reproductive success under warmer temperatures are likely to increase in frequency in a population D.the stress caused by higher temperatures will increase mutation ratesarrow_forwardWhat is the difference between artificial selection (e.g., greyhounds that are bred for speed) and natural selection? a. In artificial selection, the genetic variation introduced into the population is limited, but in natural selection, it is not b. In artificial selection, the environment is the selective force, while in natural selection, humans are the selective force c. In natural selection, the environment is the selective force, while in artificial selection, humans are the selective force d. Unlike other species, dogs are not subject to natural selection e. Both A & Carrow_forward
- What is true of populations that are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? a. Organisms are constantly migrating. b. Mating is random. c. The populations must be very small. d. Natural selection is occurring.arrow_forwardWhich one of the four forces of evolution has the smallest effect on changing allele frequencies? a. Drift b. Gene flow c. Mutation d. Selectionarrow_forwardNatural selection operates on populations over many generations. Which of the following allows natural selection to occur? A. the desire and the advantage of a population to remain constant B. the old age of the individuals which causes them to die C. the abilty for populations to change quickly from one trait to the next D. the unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproducearrow_forward
- The main idea behind Darwin’s theory of natural selection was Group of answer choices a. Competition for space between the individuals will limit a population b. Individuals pass on acquired characteristics to their offspring c. Individuals with advantageous adaptations are more likely to out-produce those lacking that adaptation d. Populations adapt over timearrow_forwardWhy are humans so genetically similar within our species? A. Because humans evolved in multiple locations around the world at different times. B. Because humans evolved in one location (Africa) and we have existed as a species for very long time. C. Because humans evolved in one location (Africa) and we haven't existed as a species for very long. D. Humans are not very genetically similar to one another.arrow_forwardWhy are humans so genetically similar within our species? A. Humans are not very genetically similar to one another. B. Because humans evolved in one location (Africa) and we have existed as a species for very long time. C. Because humans evolved in multiple locations around the world at different times. D. Because humans evolved in one location (Africa) and we haven't existed as a species for very long.arrow_forward
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