Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 18Q
You are a scientist studying a marsh area contaminated with PCBs, toxic chemical compounds found in industrial waste. You look at a water sample using light microscopy and discover motile single cells that are about 1 micron in circumference. You hypothesize that these microbes might be useful in cleaning up the toxic waste. Since there is no instruction book for how to culture them, how might you go about creating a growth medium for them?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
A soil sample is placed in liquid and the number of bacteria in the sample determined in two ways: (1) colony count and (2) direct microscopic count. How would the results compare?a) Methods 1 and 2 would give approximately the same results.b) Many more bacteria would be estimated by method 1.c) Many more bacteria would be estimated by method 2.d) Depending on the soil sample, sometimes method 1 would be higher and sometimes method 2 would be higher.
You are hired in one of the microbiology labs in Memphis and your first assignment to identify microbial samples from a local restaurant. You are given a set of slides and asked to classify the specimens as Gram positive or Gram negative.
9) What makes the bacteria Gram negative?10) Approximately how long would it take you to finish the entire procedure
On agar plate does each discrete colony represent the growth of one cell? Explain your answer. Why can a single colony on a plate be used to start a pure culture?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 2.1 - Explain what the Five Is are and what each step...Ch. 2.1 - Discuss three physical states of media and when...Ch. 2.1 - Compare and contrast selective and differential...Ch. 2.1 - Provide brief definitions for defined media and...Ch. 2.1 - Medical Moment The Making of the Flu Vaccine: An...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1NPCh. 2.1 - Prob. 2NPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 5AYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 7AYP
Ch. 2.2 - Give examples of simple, differential, and special...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 3NPCh. 2.2 - Medical Moment Gram-Positive Versus Gram-Negative...Ch. 2 - The identities of microorganisms on our planet a....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2QCh. 2 - Often bacteria that are freshly isolated from a...Ch. 2 - Which of these types of organisms is least likely...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5QCh. 2 - Some bacteria can produce a structure called an...Ch. 2 - A fastidious organism must be grown on what type...Ch. 2 - Write a short paragraph to differentiate among the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9QCh. 2 - Viruses are commonly grown in/on a. animal cells...Ch. 2 - Can you devise a growth medium with ingredients...Ch. 2 - There is a type of differential medium that can...Ch. 2 - Prob. 13QCh. 2 - Several bacteria live naturally in a material on...Ch. 2 - Archaea often grow naturally in extreme...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16QCh. 2 - After performing the streak plate procedure on a...Ch. 2 - You are a scientist studying a marsh area...Ch. 2 - Prob. 19QCh. 2 - Prob. 20QCh. 2 - You perform the special stain for bacterial...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1VC
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- You found a bright blue growth on a tomato you had left on your kitchen counter. You’ve never seen a microorganism that color, and you want to know what it is. You take the tomato into the lab, sterilize an inoculating loop, transfer a sample from the tomato to a Nutrient Agar Petri dish, and incubate it at 37°C. But when you come back two days later, your Petri dish is empty. Why might this be? Be specific about what might have happened. How would you test your hypothesis?arrow_forwardTransfer of Culture from Agar Plate to Agar Slant ____ a.) With your free hand, pick up the sterile nutrient agar slant tube. Remove the cap by grasping the cap with the little finger of the hand that is holding the loop. ____ b.) Raise the lid of a petri plate sufficiently to access a colony with your sterile loop. Pick up the organism. ____ c.) Clean your work area with disinfectant. Allow area to dry. ____ d.) Flame an inoculating loop until it is red-hot. Allow the loop to cool. ____ e.) Remove the loop from the tube and flame the mouth of the tube. Replace the cap on the tube. ____ f.) After transfer is done, flame the loop. ____ g.) Incubate the nutrient agar slant at 37°C for 24–48 hours. ____ h.) Flame the mouth of the tube and insert the loop into the tube to inoculate the surface of the slant, using a zigzag motion. Please provide the answer in orderarrow_forwardWhy do you suppose endospore-forming bacteria are commonly found in the soil? Suppose your unknown bacteria is a Gram-negative rod. You decide to perform an endospore stain, thinking it will help you with the identification of the organism. What will you see, and why?arrow_forward
- You are hired in one of the microbiology labs in Memphis and your first assignment to identify microbial samples from a local restaurant. You are given a set of slides and asked to classify the specimens as Gram positive or Gram negative. 6) What would be the last reagent you use to identify the bacteria? 7) What type of visual aid you need to help you see the bacterial samples clearly? 8) After the use of what reagent, you will be able to decide if you have a Gram positive or Gram negative bacteria? **Please give the answer**arrow_forwardUsing your fingers, you are asked to aseptically touch the surface of a sterile agar plate. Illustrate the possible result from this step if your fingers are (a) unwashed – touched various things prior to placing on agar surface, and (b) washed with soap or disinfected with 70% alcohol. Describe the relative abundance of microbial growth observed on the plates. List and draw the possible characteristics of an isolated bacterial colony that can be observed based on type of (a) margin, (b) elevation, (c) texture, and (d) optical property.arrow_forwardOn which of the following types of media would you expect untransformed bacteria to grow on? LB agar LB agar with ampicillin Untransformed bacteria will not grow on any type of medium. Untransformed bacteria will grow on all three types of media. LB agar with ampicillin and arabinosearrow_forward
- In a biological production process, bacteria with spore-forming ability are immobilized on a support surface. Once a batch of production is done, these cells along with their support material are separated from the medium, and then sterilization is performed in a furnace for safe disposal of material into the environment. An important issue here is to ensure ALL bacteria, including any spores that may form and those that are located at the center of the spherical support material, are killed with heat. For this purpose, the temperature at the center of the spherical support material must reach the designated killing temperature. The support material is a sphere with 3 cm diameter and a heat capacity of 4.0 kJ/kg*K, a density of 800 kg/m³, a thermal conductivity of 0.7 W/m*K. The heat transfer coefficient of the surrounding air is 14 W/m2*K. If the initial temperature inside the furnace prior to the start of sterilization is 15 °C, how long should the procedure last to obtain sterile…arrow_forwardYou are given a 1 gram soil sample of unknown bacterial load. After doing 10-fold serial dilutions of the soil in sterile water, 100 uL volumes are taken from each dilution for preparation of pour plates. Following incubation, each half of the 10-8 plate has 46 colonies.a) What was the dilution factor?b) How many bacteria were present in the soil?2. Staphylococcus aureus divides every 20 minutes. A culture begins with 10 bacterial cells.a) After 5 hours, how many generations have occurredb) After 5 hours, how many bacteria are present?3. How many milliliters would you need to prepare a 10-2 dilution from a 10ml starting culture?arrow_forwardAs part of an experiment where absorbance values are measured using a spectrophotometer, you are taking readings of your sample every 20 minutes. The non-motile microbe you're testing has a generation time of roughly 20 minutes at an incubation temperature right around room temperature. Things start out fine, with the expected results — as time goes by at the correct incubation temperature, absorbance starts to rise as the medium starts to become more cloudy with growing microorganisms. But roughly 2 hours into the process, you notice that the absorbance levels flatten out, and then start to decrease unexpectedly. What is most likely taking place in your experiment?arrow_forward
- You are hired in one of the microbiology labs in Memphis and your first assignment to identify microbial samples from a local restaurant. You are given a set of slides and asked to classify the specimens as Gram positive or Gram negative. Based on this information answer questions 1-10: 6) What would be the last reagent you use to identify the bacteria?7) What type of visual aid you need to help you see the bacterial samples clearly?8) After the use of what reagent, you will be able to decide if you have a Gram positive or Gram negative bacteria?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between culture media and cultural environment? Are environmental conditions related to specific microbes? If so, which conditions for which type of microbes? If you were a field researcher collecting microbes in the wild, what kind of data would you take to make sure you know the exact environment the samples require in order to culture them in a lab?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT correctly matched? A. Halophile – microbe that can grow in an environment with high osmotic pressure (e.g., salt) B. None of the other four answers (all are correctly matched) C. Agar – complex polysaccharide from seaweed used as a solidifying agent in culture media D. Colony – a population of microbial cells arising from a single cell or spore or from a group of attached cells E. Capnophile – microbe requiring an elevated molecular oxygen (O2) environment for optimal growtharrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
cell culture and growth media for Microbiology; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjnQ3peWRek;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY