COLLEGE PHYSICS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781464196393
Author: Freedman
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 18, Problem 5QAP
To determine
To Explain:
Why a bird not electrocuted, when lands with both feet on a high voltage wire?
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COLLEGE PHYSICS
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 5QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 6QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 8QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 10QAP
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 12QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 14QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 15QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 16QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 17QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 18QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 19QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 20QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 21QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 22QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 23QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 25QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 26QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 27QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 28QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 29QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 30QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 31QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 32QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 33QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 34QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 35QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 36QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 37QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 38QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 39QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 40QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 41QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 42QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 43QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 44QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 45QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 46QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 47QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 48QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 49QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 50QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 51QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 52QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 53QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 54QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 55QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 56QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 57QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 58QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 59QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 60QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 61QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 62QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 63QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 64QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 65QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 66QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 67QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 68QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 69QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 70QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 71QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 72QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 73QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 74QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 75QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 76QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 77QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 78QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 79QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 80QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 81QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 82QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 83QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 84QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 85QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 86QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 87QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 88QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 89QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 90QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 91QAPCh. 18 - Prob. 92QAP
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- In places such as hospital operating rooms or factories for electronic circuit boards, electric sparks must be avoided. A prison standing on a grounded floor and touching nothing else can typically have a body capacitance of 150 pF, in parallel with a foot capacitance of 80.0 pF produced by the dielectric soles of his or her shoes. The person acquires static electric charge from interactions with Ills or her surroundings. The static charge flows to ground through the equivalent resistance of the two shoe soles in parallel with each other. A pair of rubber-soled street shoes can present an equivalent resistance of 5.00 103 M. A pair of shoes with special static-dissipative soles can have an equivalent resistance of 1.00 M. Consider the persons body and shoes as forming an RC circuit with the ground. (a) How long does it take the rubber-soled shoes to reduce a persons potential from 3.00 103 V to 100? (b) How long does it take the static-dissipative shoes to do the same thing?arrow_forwardThe immediate cause of many deaths is ventricular fibrillation, which is an uncoordinated quivering of the heart. An electric shock to the chest can cause momentary paralysis of the heart muscle, after which the heart sometimes resumes its proper beating. One type of defibrillator (chapter-opening photo, page 777) applies a strong electric shock to the chest over a time interval of a few milliseconds. This device contains a capacitor of several microfarads, charged to several thousand volts. Electrodes called paddles are held against the chest on both sides of tire heart, and the capacitor is discharged through the patient's chest. Assume an energy of 300 J is to be delivered from a 30.0-F capacitor. To what potential difference must it be charged?arrow_forwardConstruct Your Own Problem Consider a heart defibrillator similar to that discussed in Example 19.11. Construct a problem in which you examine the charge stored in the capacitor of a defibrillator as a function of stored energy. Among the things to be considered are the applied voltage and whether it should vary with energy to be delivered, the range of energies involved, and the capacitance of the defibrillator. You may also wish to consider the much smaller energy needed for defibrillation during open-heart surgery as a variation on this problem.arrow_forward
- As a person moves about in a dry environment, electric charge accumulates on the person's body. Once it is at high voltage, either positive or negative, the body can discharge via sparks and shocks. Consider a human body isolated from ground, with the typical capacitance 150 pF. (a) What charge on the body will produce a potential of 10.0 kV? (b) Sensitive electronic devices can be destroyed by electrostatic discharge from a person. A particular device can be destroyed by a discharge releasing an energy of 250 J. To what voltage on the body does this situation correspond?arrow_forwardYou are working in a laboratory, using very sensitive measurement equipment. Your supervisor has explained that the equipment is also very sensitive to electrical discharge from human operators. Specification tables for the equipment indicate that an electrical discharge providing even a very small amount of energy of 250 J is enough to damage the equipment. Your supervisor wants to install an apparatus that will be used to remove the electrical charge from individuals bodies before they touch the equipment. To do this, she asks you to estimate (a) the capacitance of the human body and determine (b) the charge on the body and (c) the electric potential of the body, relative to a point infinitely far away, corresponding to the energy transfer that will damage the equipment.arrow_forwardThe immediate cause of many deaths is ventricular fibrillation, an uncoordinated quivering of the heart, as opposed to proper beating. An electric shock to the chest can cause momentary paralysis of the heart muscle, after which the heart will sometimes start organized beating again. A defibrillator is a device that applies a strong electric shock to the chest over a time of a few milliseconds. The device contains a capacitor of a few microfarads, charged to several thousand volts. Electrodes called paddles, about 8 cm across and coated with conducting paste, are held against the chest on both sides of the heart. Their handles are insulated to prevent injury to the operator, who calls Clear! and pushes a button on one paddle to discharge the capacitor through the patient's chest Assume an energy of 3.00 102 W s is to be delivered from a 30.0-F capacitor. To what potential difference must it be charged?arrow_forward
- Review. A molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is 2.17 m long. The ends of the molecule become singly ionized: negative on one end, positive on the other. The helical molecule acts like a spring and compresses 1.00% upon becoming charged. Determine the effective spring constant of the molecule.arrow_forwardA supermarket sells rolls of aluminum foil, plastic wrap, and waxed paper. (a) Describe a capacitor made from such materials. Compute order-of-magnitude estimates for (b) its capacitance and (c) its breakdown voltage.arrow_forwardFind the ratio of speeds of an electron and a negative hydrogen ion (one having an extra electron) accelerated through the same voltage, assuming non-relativistic final speeds. Take the mass of the hydrogen ion to be 1.6710-27 kg.arrow_forward
- According to its design specification, the timer circuit delaying the closing of an elevator door is to have a capacitance of 32.0 F between two points A and B. When one circuit is being constructed, the inexpensive but durable capacitor installed between these two points is found to have capacitance 34.8 F. To meet the specification, one additional capacitor can be placed between the two points, (a) Should it be in series or in parallel with the 34.8-F capacitor? (b) What should be its capacitance? (c) What If? The next circuit comes down the assembly line with capacitance 29.8 F between A and B. To meet the specification, what additional capacitor should be installed in series or in parallel in that circuit?arrow_forward(a) Why are fish reasonably safe in an electrical storm? (b) Why are swimmers nonetheless ordered to get out of the water in the same circumstance?arrow_forwardSome physical systems possessing capacitance continuously distributed over space can be modeled as an infinite array of discrete circuit elements. Examples are a microwave waveguide and the axon of a nerve cell. To practice analysis of an infinite array, determine the equivalent capacitance C between terminals X and Y of the infinite set of capacitors represented in Figure P25.47. Each capacitor has capacitance C0. Suggestions: Imagine that the ladder is cut at the line AB and note that the equivalent capacitance of the infinite section to the right of AB is also C.arrow_forward
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