(a) Interpretation: The phenol derivative which is more acidic among 2, 5-dinitrophenol and 2, 4-dinitrophenol is to be stated. Concept introduction: The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the − R and − I effect of the substituent at other position. This increases the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among 2, 5-dinitrophenol and 2, 4-dinitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I effect of the substituent at other position. This increases the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among phenol and m- chlorophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and m-hydroxybenzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

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Students have asked these similar questions

(a) Which of the following phenols is the least acidic? (b) Which of the following phenols is the most acidic?

(c) Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing acidity, and explain the reasons fo your choice of order: phenol, cyclohexanol, 2-fluorocyclohexanol, 2-fluoronhenol

- Rank the following substances in order of increasing acidity: (a) Phenol, p-methylphenol, p-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (b) Benzyl alcohol, phenol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among 2, 5-dinitrophenol and 2, 4-dinitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I effect of the substituent at other position. This increases the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among phenol and m- chlorophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and m-hydroxybenzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among 2, 5-dinitrophenol and 2, 4-dinitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I effect of the substituent at other position. This increases the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among phenol and m- chlorophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and m-hydroxybenzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among 2, 5-dinitrophenol and 2, 4-dinitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I effect of the substituent at other position. This increases the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among phenol and m- chlorophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and m-hydroxybenzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among 2, 5-dinitrophenol and 2, 4-dinitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I effect of the substituent at other position. This increases the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among phenol and m- chlorophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and m-hydroxybenzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among 2, 5-dinitrophenol and 2, 4-dinitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I effect of the substituent at other position. This increases the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among 2, 5-dinitrophenol and 2, 4-dinitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I effect of the substituent at other position. This increases the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among phenol and m- chlorophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among phenol and m- chlorophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and m-hydroxybenzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The phenol derivative which is more acidic among p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and m-hydroxybenzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The acidic strength of the phenol molecule is dependent on the stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after the dissociation of the proton. The phenoxide ion is stabilized by the resonance effect. The phenoxide is more stabilized by the −R and −I of the substituent at other position increasing the acidic strength of the phenol derivative.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.1P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.2P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.3P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.4P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.5P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.6P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.7P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.8P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.9P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the phenol derivative is more acidic than the 2, 5-dinitrophenol.

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Chapter 18 Solutions