Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305116399
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 13.1CQ
Each Voyager spacecraft was accelerated toward escape speed from the Sun by the gravitational force exerted by Jupiter on the spacecraft. (a) Is the gravitational force a conservative or a nonconservative force? (b) Does the interaction of the spacecraft with Jupiter meet the definition of an elastic collision? (c) How could the space-craft be moving faster after the collision?
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(a) If the system's kinetic energy, as measured from the Earth reference frame, decreases by 20% because of the collision, what are the final velocities of the balls?
(b) What change in internal energy has occurred?
(c) An observer watches this collision from a reference frame moving at a velocity of 15 m/ s to the east relative to the Earth reference frame. What changes in kinetic energy does this observer measure?
On Oct 31 2015, massive asteroid TB145 nicknamed "Spooky" passed near the Earth
vicinity. The measured diameter of the asteroid: 600meters, and its speed relative to
the Sun: 30.5 km/s.
(NOTE you are not given the parameters of collision, so they become important part
of the "worst case -best case scenario.") Treat the asteroid as spherical object with
the density of between 3g/cm³ to 4g/cm³. Treat an Earth's orbit around the Sun as a
perfect circle of radius =150 x 106 km. Take one year to be 365.24days.
Find the worst case scenario for the collision of such object with the Earth and find
the Maximum energy released in the completely inelastic collision of this object with
Earth. State your answers to the nearest mega-ton of TNT. (1 megaton of TNT=
4.184 X1015J).
Your Answer:
Answer
(a) If the impulse experienced during the collision is 200 Ns, use the information in the plot to calculate the peak force experienced during the collision.
(b) Calculate the average force experienced during the collision.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
Ch. 13 - A planet has two moons of equal mass. Moon 1 is in...Ch. 13 - Superman stands on top of a very tall mountain and...Ch. 13 - An asteroid is in a highly eccentric elliptical...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.4QQCh. 13 - A system consists of five particles. How many...Ch. 13 - Rank the following quantities of energy from...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.3OQCh. 13 - Suppose the gravitational acceleration at the...Ch. 13 - Imagine that nitrogen and other atmospheric gases...Ch. 13 - An object of mass m is located on the surface of a...
Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.7OQCh. 13 - The vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox are...Ch. 13 - Rank the magnitudes of the following gravitational...Ch. 13 - The gravitational force exerted on an astronaut on...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.11OQCh. 13 - Each Voyager spacecraft was accelerated toward...Ch. 13 - In his 1798 experiment, Cavendish was said to have...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.3CQCh. 13 - Prob. 13.4CQCh. 13 - Prob. 13.5CQCh. 13 - Prob. 13.6CQCh. 13 - Prob. 13.7CQCh. 13 - Prob. 13.8CQCh. 13 - A satellite in low-Earth orbit is not truly...Ch. 13 - In introductory physics laboratories, a typical...Ch. 13 - Determine the order of magnitude of the...Ch. 13 - A 200-kg object and a 500-kg object are separated...Ch. 13 - During a solar eclipse, the Moon, the Earth, and...Ch. 13 - Two ocean liners, each with a mass of 40 000...Ch. 13 - Three uniform spheres of masses m1 = 2.00 kg, m2 =...Ch. 13 - Two identical isolated particles, each of mass...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.8PCh. 13 - Two objects attract each other with a...Ch. 13 - Review. A student proposes to study the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.11PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.12PCh. 13 - Review. Miranda, a satellite of Uranus, is shown...Ch. 13 - (a) Compute the vector gravitational field at a...Ch. 13 - Three objects of equal mass are located at three...Ch. 13 - A spacecraft in the shape of a long cylinder has a...Ch. 13 - An artificial satellite circles the Earth in a...Ch. 13 - Io, a satellite of Jupiter, has an orbital period...Ch. 13 - A minimum-energy transfer orbit to an outer planet...Ch. 13 - A particle of mass m moves along a straight line...Ch. 13 - Plasketts binary system consists of two starts...Ch. 13 - Two planets X and Y travel counterclockwise in...Ch. 13 - Comet Halley (Fig. P13.23) approaches the Sun to...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.24PCh. 13 - Use Keplers third law to determine how many days...Ch. 13 - Neutron stars are extremely dense objects formed...Ch. 13 - A synchronous satellite, which always remains...Ch. 13 - (a) Given that the period of the Moons orbit about...Ch. 13 - Suppose the Suns gravity were switched off. The...Ch. 13 - A satellite in Earth orbit has a mass of 100 kg...Ch. 13 - How much work is done by the Moons gravitational...Ch. 13 - How much energy is required to move a 1 000-kg...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.33PCh. 13 - An object is released from rest at an altitude h...Ch. 13 - A system consists of three particles, each of mass...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.36PCh. 13 - A 500-kg satellite is in a circular orbit at an...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.38PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.39PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.40PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.41PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.42PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.43PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.44PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.45PCh. 13 - Prob. 13.46PCh. 13 - Ganymede is the largest of Jupiters moons....Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.48PCh. 13 - At the Earths surface, a projectile is launched...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.50APCh. 13 - Prob. 13.51APCh. 13 - Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 surveyed the surface of...Ch. 13 - A satellite is in a circular orbit around the...Ch. 13 - Why is the following situation impossible? A...Ch. 13 - Let gM represent the difference in the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.56APCh. 13 - Prob. 13.57APCh. 13 - Prob. 13.58APCh. 13 - Prob. 13.59APCh. 13 - Two spheres having masses M and 2M and radii R and...Ch. 13 - Two hypothetical planets of masses m1 and m2 and...Ch. 13 - (a) Show that the rate of change of the free-fall...Ch. 13 - A ring of matter is a familiar structure in...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.64APCh. 13 - Review. As an astronaut, you observe a small...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.66APCh. 13 - Studies of the relationship of the Sun to our...Ch. 13 - Review. Two identical hard spheres, each of mass m...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.69APCh. 13 - Prob. 13.70APCh. 13 - Prob. 13.71APCh. 13 - Prob. 13.72APCh. 13 - Prob. 13.73APCh. 13 - Two stars of masses M and m, separated by a...Ch. 13 - Two identical particles, each of mass 1 000 kg,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.76APCh. 13 - As thermonuclear fusion proceeds in its core, the...Ch. 13 - The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)...Ch. 13 - The oldest artificial satellite still in orbit is...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.80CP
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- In an elastic collision of two particles with masses m1 and m2, the initial velocities are u1 and u2 = u1. If the initial kinetic energies of the two particles are equal, find the conditions on u1/u2 and m1/m2 such that m1 is at rest after the collision. Examine both cases for the sign of .arrow_forwardA single-stage rocket of mass 308 metric tons (not including fuel) carries a payload of 3150 kg to low-Earth orbit. The exhaust speed of the rockets cryogenic propellant is 3.20 103 m/s. a. If the speed of the rocket as it enters orbit is 8.00 km/s, what is the mass of propellant used during the rockets burn? b. The rocket is redesigned to boost its exhaust speed by a factor of two. What is the mass of propellant used in the redesigned rocket to carry the same payload to low-Earth orbit? c. Because the exhaust speed of the redesigned rocket is increased by a factor of two, why is the fuel consumption of the redesigned rocket not exactly half that of the original rocket?arrow_forwardAn average-sized asteroid located 5.0107km from Earth with mass 2.01013kg is detected headed directly toward Earth with speed of 2.0km/s . What will its speed be just before it hits our atmosphere? (You may ignore the size of the asteroid.)arrow_forward
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