The Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780133889567
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 17SEQ
To determine
The properties an object needs in order to have redshift but be no further than a billion light-years away from the milky way.
The way to test the hypothesis that redshifts of quasars are not cosmological in origin.
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Students have asked these similar questions
An astronomer observed the motions of some galaxies. Based on his observations, he made the following statements. Which one of them is most likely to be false? Take Hubble's constant to be 67 km/s/Mpc.
A. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 70 km/s is at a distance of about 1 Mpc from us.
B. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 700 km/s is at a distance of about 10 Mpc from us.
C. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 7000 km/s is at a distance of about 100 Mpc from us.
D. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 70000 km/s is at a distance of about 1 Gpc from us.
Is the answer D? Thank you!
Does Hubble's Law work well for galaxies in the Local Group (such as Andromeda)?
No, because dark energy is accelerating the universe's expansion over those distances.
No, because we do not know the precise value of Ho.
No, because Hubble did not know the Local Group existed when he discovered his law.
Yes, it works well for all galaxies.
No, because galaxies in the Local Group are bound gravitationally together.
How the Hubble law allows you to estimate the distances to galaxies? Explain.
Chapter 12 Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals (2nd Edition)
Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Prob. 2QQCh. 12 - Prob. 3QQCh. 12 - Prob. 4QQCh. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Prob. 7QQCh. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....
Ch. 12 - Prob. 11QQCh. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Prob. 13SEQCh. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...Ch. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...Ch. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...Ch. 12 - Prob. 17SEQCh. 12 - Prob. 18SEQCh. 12 - Prob. 19SEQCh. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...
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- The matter density in the Universe today is Pm = -27 kg m-3. What would 2.7 x 10 be the value of the density parameter, 2o, if the Hubble constant had the value Ho = 38 km/s/Mpc? Assume the Universe does not contain dark energy and choose the option below that best matches your answer. Select one: O a. 0.1 O b. 2. О с. 1. O d. 0.7 О е. 0.5arrow_forwardRecall that Hubbleʹs law is written v = H0d, where v is the recession velocity of a galaxy located a distance d away from us, and H0 is Hubbleʹs constant. Suppose H0 = 80 km/s/Mpc. How fast would a galaxy located 800 megaparsecs distant be receding from us? A. 64 Mpc/s B. 64,000 km/s C. 0.1 times the speed of light D. 10 km/s E. 64 km/sarrow_forwardIf a galaxy is 9.0 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 488 km/s, what is H0 (in km/s/Mpc)? km/s/Mpc What is the Hubble time (in yr)? years How old (in yr) would the universe be, assuming space-time is flat and the expansion of the universe has not been accelerating? How would acceleration change your answer? A.If the expansion of the Universe has been accelerating, the Universe could be substantially younger than the value entered above. BIf the expansion of the Universe has been accelerating, the Universe could be substantially older than the value entered above.arrow_forward
- 3. The formula for Hubble's Law using the velocity v is valid only for velocities much smaller than the speed of light (c). For velocities which are greater, the following formula is used where 1+v/e - 1. 1-v/c The largest redshift measured for a quasar (as of 1997) is z = 4.89 Solving the above equation for v, we can compute the recessional velocity for a quasar. - 1- Velocity= +z)² -1 (1+z) + 1 Velocity = km/sec. Calculate how far the quasar is in light years by knowing that distance = velocity/Ho. Make the appropriate units conversions. Distance = velocity/Ho=C Mpc) = light years %3Darrow_forwardA Type la supernova explodes in a galaxy at a distance of 6.10×107 light-years from Earth. If astronomers detect the light from the supernova today, how many years T have passed since the supernova exploded? T= 2.07 x10 -5 years Given a Hubble constant of 74.3 km/s/Mpc, at what speed v is this galaxy moving away from Earth? v= km/s What is this galaxy's redshift? redshift:arrow_forwardAstronomers now think that there is a black hole with more than 4 milliion times the mass of our Sun at the center of our galaxy? Roughly how large would the event horizon of such a supermassive black hole be? a. the size of our moon b. about 4 light years across c. about 17 times the size of our sun d. about the size of an atom (so much mass really compresses the event horizon) e. this question can't be answered without knowing what kind of stars were swallowed by the black holearrow_forward
- The Andromeda Galaxy is a member of the Local Group of galaxies. It is approaching us. Does this mean that the Hubble Law is wrong? Why or why not? Explain.arrow_forwardHow astronomers determine the distance of a galaxy? Explain.arrow_forwardAn observational survey of distant galaxies is undertaken that involves measuring their distances using cepheid variables and red-shifts using spectroscopy. Explain how cepheid variables can be used to measure the distances to galaxies. A spectral line is observed whose wavelength in the laboratory is de length of this spectral line observed in each galaxy, Xo, is listed in the table, along with the distance, d, to the galaxy. Determine the red-shift and the recession velocity of each galaxy and tabulate your results by making a copy of the table and filling in the blank spaces. Sketch a Hubble diagram using your results and determine the value of the Hubble constant Ho in units of km s-1 Mpc. 650 nm. The wave- Galaxy 1 652.69 Galaxy 2 Galaxy 3 Galaxy 4 Galaxy 5 653.01 do (nm) d (Mpc) 658.54 662.18 681.63 17 19 54 77 200 v (km s-1)arrow_forward
- What evidence is there that quasars occur in distant galaxies? Explain.arrow_forwardCan an elliptical galaxy evolve into a spiral? Explain your answer. Can a spiral turn into an elliptical? How?arrow_forwardOne of the early hypotheses to explain the high redshifts of quasars was that these objects had been ejected at very high speeds from other galaxies. This idea was rejected, because no quasars with large blueshifts have been found. Explain why we would expect to see quasars with both blueshifted and redshifted lines if they were ejected from nearby galaxies.arrow_forward
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