(a)
Concept introduction:
Direct Cost:
The cost which is directly related to the product and affects those items directly, which contributes to the revenue generation in the business is referred as direct cost.
Indirect Cost:
The cost which is not directly related to the product and does not affect those items directly, which contributes to the revenue generation in the business is referred as indirect cost. These can be fixed cost or such costs are incurred as a whole and cannot be make relation to
The reason behind increment in the cost per plaque.
(b)
Concept introduction:
Direct Cost:
The cost which is directly related to the product and affects those items directly which contributes to the revenue generation in the business is referred as direct cost.
Indirect Cost:
The cost which is not directly related to the product and does not affect those items directly which contributes to the revenue generation in the business is referred as indirect cost. These can be fixed costs or such costs are incurred as a whole and cannot be make relation to manufacturing cost.
The area of concern for HT on the basis of unit costs.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Survey of Accounting (Accounting I)
- Marvin's Kitchen Supply delivers restaurant supplies throughout the city. The firm adds 10 percent to the cost of the supplies to cover the delivery cost. The delivery fee is meant to cover the cost of delivery. A consultant has analyzed the delivery service using activity- based costing methods and identified four activities. Data on these activities follow. Activity Processing order Loading truck Delivering merchandise Processing invoice Total overhead Order value Number of orders Number of items Number of invoices Cost Driver Number of orders Number of items Number of orders Number of invoices Two of Marvin's customers are City Diner and Le Chien Chaud. Data for orders and deliveries to these two customers follow. City Diner Le Chien Chaud $75,000 $90,000 110 1,500 150 Required A Cost Driver Volume 52 600 12 Cost $ 75,000 150,000 90,000 72,000 $387,000 Required B City Diner Le Chien Chaud Driver Volume 5,000 orders 100,000 items Required: a. What would the delivery charge for each…arrow_forwardUsing job order costing in a service company Chance Realtors, a real estate consulting firm, specializes in advising companies on potential new plant sites. The company uses a job order costing system with a predetermined overhead allocation rate, computed as a percentage of direct labor costs. At the beginning of 2018, managing partner Andrew Chance prepared the following budget for the year: Maynard Manufacturing, Inc. is inviting several consultants to bid for work. Andrew Chance wants to submit a bid. He estimates that this job will require about 180 direct labor hours. Requirements Compute Chance Realtors’ (a) hourly direct labor cost rate and predetermined overhead allocation rate. Compute the predicted cost of the Maynard Manufacturing job. If Chance wants to earn a profit that equals 25% of the job’s cost, how much should he bid for the Maynard Manufacturing job?arrow_forwardPlease I need help answering this problem O’Leary Corporation manufactures special purpose portable structures (huts, mobile offices, and so on) for use at construction sites. It only builds to order (each unit is built to customer specifications). O’Leary uses a normal job costing system. Direct labor at O’Leary is paid $30 per hour, but the employees are not paid if they are not working on jobs. Manufacturing overhead is assigned to jobs by a predetermined rate on the basis of direct labor-hours. The company incurred manufacturing overhead costs during two recent years (adjusted for price-level changes using current prices and wage rates) as follows. Year 1 Year 2 Direct labor-hours worked 69,600 56,600 Manufacturing overhead costs incurred Indirect labor $ 2,864,000 $ 2,264,000 Employee benefits 1,044,000 849,000 Supplies 696,000 566,000 Power…arrow_forward
- Ole Company manufactures two products, Product A and Product B. Currently, machine hours are used to allocate the overhead costs to the two products. Ole Company is considering adopting an activity-based costing system. If so, overhead costs will be traced to the following activities: Activities Machining Quality Control Material Moves Activity cost pools $300,000 $200,000 $400,000 Cost Drivers Machine Hours Number of inspections Number of moves Product A 30,000 400 2,000 Product B 20,000 600 6,000 (a) Calculate the total overhead cost assigned to Product A under the current system. (b) Calculate the total overhead cost for Product A if the company implements activity-based costing system. (c) Briefly explain which costing method gives a more accurate picture of the costs. (d) Suppose you are the management accountant in a university. List any three (3)activities commonly carried out in universities and identify an appropriate cost driver for each activity.arrow_forwardMake-or-Buy, Traditional and ABC Analysis Brees, Inc., a manufacturer of golf carts, has just received an offer from a supplier to provide 2,600 units of a component used in its main product. The component is a track assembly that is currently produced internally. The supplier has offered to sell the track assembly for $67 per unit. Brees is currently using a traditional, unit-based costing system that assigns overhead to jobs on the basis of direct labor hours. The estimated traditional full cost of producing the track assembly is as follows: Direct materials $40.00 Direct labor 18.00 Variable overhead 4.00 Fixed overhead 40.00 Prior to making a decision, the company’s CEO commissioned a special study to see whether there would be any decrease in the fixed overhead costs. The results of the study revealed the following: 3 setups—$1,180 each (The setups would be avoided, and total spending could be reduced by $1,180 per setup.) One half-time inspector is needed. The company…arrow_forwardVentana Window and Wall Treatments Company provides draperies, shades, and various window treatments. Ventana works with the customer to design the appropriate window treatment, places the order, and installs the finished product. Direct materials and direct labor costs are easy to trace to the jobs. Ventanas income statement for last year is as follows: Ventana wants to find a markup on cost of goods sold that will allow them to earn about the same amount of profit on each job as was earned last year. Required: 1. What is the markup on cost of goods sold (COGS) that will maintain the same profit as last year? (Round the percentage to two significant digits.) 2. A customer orders draperies and shades for a remodeling job. The job will have the following costs: What is the price that Ventana will quote given the markup percentage calculated in Requirement 1? (Round the price to the nearest dollar.) 3. What if Ventana wants to calculate a markup on direct materials cost, since it is the largest cost of doing business? What is the markup on direct materials cost that will maintain the same profit as last year? (Round the percentage to two significant digits.) What is the bid price Ventana will use for the job given in Requirement 2 if the markup percentage is calculated on the basis of direct materials cost? (Round to the nearest dollar.)arrow_forward
- Hicks Contracting collects and analyzes cost data in order to track the cost of installing decks on new home construction jobs. The following are some of the costs that they incur. Classify these costs as fixed or variable costs and as product or period costs. Lumber used to construct decks ($12.00 per square foot) Carpenter labor used to construct decks ($10 per hour) Construction supervisor salary ($45,000 per year) Depreciation on tools and equipment ($6,000 per year) Selling and administrative expenses ($35,000 per year) Rent on corporate office space ($34,000 per year) Nails, glue, and other materials required to construct deck (varies per job)arrow_forwardThis list contains costs that various organizations incur; they fall into three categories: direct materials (DM), direct labor (DL), or overhead (OH).t Classify each of these items as direct materials, direct labor, or overhead. Glue used to attach labels to bottles containing a patented medicine. Compressed air used in operating paint sprayers for Student Painters, a company that paints houses and apartments. Insurance on a factory building and equipment. A production department supervisors salary. Rent on factory machinery. Iron ore in a steel mill. Oil, gasoline, and grease for forklift trucks in a manufacturing companys warehouse. Services of painters in building construction. Cutting oils used in machining operations. Cost of paper towels in a factory employees washroom. Payroll taxes and fringe benefits related to direct labor. The plant electricians salaries. Crude oil to an oil refinery. Copy editors salary in a book publishing company. Assume your classifications could be challenged in a court case. Indicate to your attorneys which of your answers for part a might be successfully disputed by the opposing attorneys and why. In which answers are you completely confident?arrow_forwardBrees, Inc., a manufacturer of golf carts, has just received an offer from a supplier to provide 2,600 units of a component used in its main product. The component is a track assembly that is currently produced internally. The supplier has offered to sell the track assembly for 66 per unit. Brees is currently using a traditional, unit-based costing system that assigns overhead to jobs on the basis of direct labor hours. The estimated traditional full cost of producing the track assembly is as follows: Prior to making a decision, the companys CEO commissioned a special study to see whether there would be any decrease in the fixed overhead costs. The results of the study revealed the following: 3 setups1,160 each (The setups would be avoided, and total spending could be reduced by 1,160 per setup.) One half-time inspector is needed. The company already uses part-time inspectors hired through a temporary employment agency. The yearly cost of the part-time inspectors for the track assembly operation is 12,300 and could be totally avoided if the part were purchased. Engineering work: 470 hours, 45/hour. (Although the work decreases by 470 hours, the engineer assigned to the track assembly line also spends time on other products, and there would be no reduction in his salary.) 75 fewer material moves at 30 per move. Required: 1. Ignore the special study, and determine whether the track assembly should be produced internally or purchased from the supplier. 2. Now, using the special study data, repeat the analysis. 3. Discuss the qualitative factors that would affect the decision, including strategic implications. 4. After reviewing the special study, the controller made the following remark: This study ignores the additional activity demands that purchasing would cause. For example, although the demand for inspecting the part on the production floor decreases, we may need to inspect the incoming parts in the receiving area. Will we actually save any inspection costs? Is the controller right?arrow_forward
- A local barbershop cuts the hair of 1,200 customers per month. The clients are men, and the barbers offer no special styling. During the month of May, 1,200 customers were serviced. The cost of haircuts includes the following: Required: 1. Explain why process costing is appropriate for this haircutting operation. 2. Calculate the cost per haircut. 3. Can you identify some possible direct materials used for this haircutting service? Is the usage of direct materials typical of services? If so, provide examples of services that use direct materials. Can you think of some services that would not use direct materials?arrow_forwardOne of the tennis rackets that Ace Sporting Goods manufactures is a titanium model (Slam) that sells for 149. The cost of each Slam consists of: Job 100 produced 100 Slams, of which six were spoiled and classified as seconds. Seconds are sold to discount stores for 50 each. Required: 1. Under the assumption that the loss from spoilage will be distributed to all jobs produced during the current period, use general journal entries to (a) record the costs of production, (b) put spoiled goods into inventory, and (c) record the cash sale of spoiled units. 2. Under the assumption that the loss due to spoilage will be charged to Job 100, use general journal entries to (a) record the costs of production, (b) put spoiled goods into inventory, and (c) record the cash sale of spoiled units.arrow_forwardProducts versus Services, Cost Assignment Holmes Company produces wooden playhouses. When a customer orders a playhouse, it is delivered in pieces with detailed instructions on how to put it together. Some customers prefer that Holmes put the playhouse together. Therefore, these customers purchase the playhouse, as well as pay an additional fee for Holmes to install the playhouse. Holmes then pulls two workers off the production line and sends them to construct the playhouse on site. Required: 1. What two products does Holmes sell? Classify each one as a product or a service. 2. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Do you think Holmes assigns costs individually to each product or service? Why or why not? 3. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Describe the opportunity cost of the installation process.arrow_forward
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