Glutamate's effect when it binds with protein receptors on the post synaptic membrane is to:a. Initiate movement of potassium ions out of the membraneb. Initiate movement of sodium ions into the membranec. Initiate movement of sodium ions out of the membraned. Initiate movement of potassium ions into the membraneGABA is an example of an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Drugs that increase the level of GABA are used to treat diseases such as epilepsy where the signal transmission needs to be impaired.The effect of the inhibitory neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic membrane is to:a. hyperpolarize the postsynaptic membraneb. decrease the threshold levelc. depolarize the postsynaptic membraned. maintain the resting potentialCalcium is vital for bone growth, but it's also an important part of neural transmission.Calcium is required for the axon terminal to:a. Reuptake the neurotransmitter via exocytosisb. The neurotransmitter to be released by endocytosisc. The neurotransmitter to be released by exocytosisd. Reuptake the neurotransmitter via endocytosis

Glutamate is a powerful excitatory neurotransmitter.It plays an important role in learning and…

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Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13RE

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Similar questions

GABA is an example of an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Drugs that increase the level of GABA are used to treat diseases such as epilepsy where the signal transmission needs to be impaired. The effect of the inhibitory neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic membrane is to: Select one: a. decrease the threshold level b. hyperpolarize the postsynaptic membrane c. depolarize the postsynaptic membrane d. maintain the resting potential
The Structure of the acetylcholine receptor is shown below: C. What type of channel is the acetylcholine receptor and what activates it?
Which of the following neurotransmitters is associatedwith inhibition exclusively?a. GABAb. acetylcholinec. glutamated. norepinephrine
Identify the inhibitory neurotransmitter which opens chloride ion channels. gamma amino butyric acid acetylcholine tubocurarine strychnine glutamate Spastic paralysis (resulting from the failure of muscles to relax), induced by the neurotoxin strychnine, occurs when this poison blocks the binding of: the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine to post-synaptic sodium channels the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate to post-synaptic calcium channels the excitatory neurotransmitter serotonin to post-synaptic potassium channels the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine to post-synaptic chloride channels the inhibitory neurotransmitter melatonin to post-synaptic bicarbonate channels
Imagine that a toxin creates pores that are permeable to Ca2+. Describe its immediate effect on the resting potential of the neuron: identify which ions diffuse across the membrane, which direction they diffuse (and why), and whether this brings the neuron closer to or further from threshold potential. asap please
The Structure of the acetylcholine receptor is shown below: D. Briefly indicate what the role of the acetylcholine receptor is in an action potential.
Explain the following; If a drug partly blocks a membrane’s potassium channels, how does it affect the action potential? Suppose the threshold of a neuron were the same as the neuron’s resting potential. What would happen? At what frequency would the cell produce action potentials?
(b) Describe or draw the response you would observed in cell C if an action potential occurred in cel B, closely followed by an action potential in cell A. = glutamate = AMPA receptor = GABA, receptor = GABA
Draw a presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron at to demonstrate the release and acceptance of a neurotransmitter. Identify the following in your drawing: Ca2+, synaptic cleft, receptor, synaptic vessicle, SNARE, presynaptic neuron, postsynaptic neuron
In the introduction section the authors wrote “In general, the polarity-dependent mechanisms are recognized to cause membrane depolarization by anodal stimulation which increases cerebral excitability, or membrane hyperpolarization by cathodal stimulation leading to a decrease in neuronal excitability.” Based on this quote what affect, if any, does anodal stimulation have on ion channels?
Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that, when bound to its receptor, causes the receptor to open a channel that allows the flow of Na+ ions into neurons. When the Na+ ions begin to flow into the neuron, this change in the net charge across the neuronal cell membrane often triggers Ca2+ ion channels to open. In this scenario, the acetylcholine receptor would be acting as a channel, and the Ca2+ channels would be classified as voltage-gated; leaky ligand gated; voltage-gated symporter; antiporter None of the above. ion
An undisclosed drug (Drug A) is a drug that can block voltage-gated K+ channels when being introduced into the bloodstream. Explain the effects of Drug A on the action potentials produced by a neuron. If Drug A could be applied selectively to a presynaptic neuron that releases an excitatory neurotransmitter, analyse how would it alter the synaptic effect of the neurotransmitter on the presynaptic cell. Remark: The word count limit (250 words only), no less than 100 words

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