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- Broad-spectrum drugs target a wide variety of bacterial pathogens. Even when the broad-spectrum drug is capable of killing a target pathogen, it may not be the best treatment. Which statement best explains why a broad spectrum drug might be an undesirable treatment choice? Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are usually toxic to the host cells. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials only work if they are used shortly after the infection begins. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may kill much of the normal microbiota. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are not able to kill bacteria that are in their log phase of growth. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may stimulate excess growth of the normal microbiota.List 10 characteristics of an ideal antimicrobial drug.Summarize the primary reasons that we find ourselves in a “drug dilemma” with regard to antimicrobial drugs.
- Some bacteria produce the enzyme penicillinase, which breaks the beta-lactam ring in the penicillin molecule and converts it into penicilloic acid, which is harmless to bacteria. This is an example of which of the following mechanisms of antibiotic resistance? which option below is the answer? Destruction or inactivation of the antibiotic by the microbe Preventing penetration to the target site within the microbe Alteration of the drug’s target site(s) within the microbe None of the other four answers are correct Rapid ejection (pumping) of the drug out of the microbial cellThe type of antimicrobial drug that would be most likely to have toxic effects in humans based on the premise of selective toxicity when treating microbial infection would be a drug that O 1) inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall O 2) inhibits metabolic pathways O 3) disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane 4) inhibits protein synthesis 5) All of the above have equal potential to be toxicChoose the false statement below: O Using three different classes of antimicrobials in combination greatly decreases the chance of developing resistance because the drug resistance strategy for one is the same for others. O Drug resistance to antimicrobials has proven to be extensive against chemotherapeutics as well as other chemical antimicrobials. O Collateral damage is a term that refers to the killing of normal body flora as well as pathogenic bacteria when taking antimicrobials or antibiotics.
- Draw the bacteria cell and indicate all the drug target in the bacteria cell and which drugs are able to attack each part.What is the minimal resolution required for gleaning insights into structures of drug-drug target complex? 100A 2.5A 5A 10A 0.5AWhich of the following is true of selective toxicity? O 1) It refers to the process of determining the correct dose of a particular drug O 2) To be effective, an antimicrobial agent must be more toxic to the patient than 2) the pathogen O 3) It contributes to antibiotic resistance O 4) It refers to the body's ability to protect the brain and eye 5) It takes advantage of metabolic and structural differences between host and pathogen
- A broad- spectrum antimicrobial drug would be a drug that attacks many different microbial sites. True or false.Identify the objectives and methodology of the article below: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7824784/ Riboswitches as Drug Targets for Antibiotics Vipul Panchal* and Ruth Brenk*Briefly describe the main scientific principle(s) underlying the following techniques used in the Combating Disease practical (you may use diagrams if you wish): ammonium sulphate precipitation Dialysis Immunoelectrophoresis