An article in the Journal of Applied Polymer Science (Vol. 56, pp. 471–476, 1995) studied the effect of the mole ratio of sebacic acid on the intrinsic viscosity of copolyesters.- The data follows: Viscosity 0.45 0.2 0.34 0.58 0.7 0.57 0.55 0.44 Mole ratio 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 (a) Construct a scatter diagram of the data.
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- The following data refers to yield of tomatoes (kg/plot) for four different levels of salinity. Salinity level here refers to electrical conductivity (EC), where the chosen levels were EC = 1.6, 3.8, 6.0, and 10.2 nmhos/cm. (Use i = 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively.) 1.6: 59.1 53.1 56.9 63.8 58.1 3.8: 55.6 59.1 52.8 54.1 6.0: 51.6 48.6 53.5 49.2 10.2: 44.7 48.9 40.9 47.5 46.5 Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)The following data refers to yield of tomatoes (kg/plot) for four different levels of salinity. Salinity level here refers to electrical conductivity (EC), where the chosen levels were EC = 1.6, 3.8, 6.0, and 10.2 nmhos/cm. (Use i = 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively.) 1.6: 59.8 53.5 56.1 63.6 58.2 3.8: 55.3 59.3 52.8 54.5 6.0: 51.4 48.2 53.9 48.6 10.2: 44.7 48.8 40.8 47.2 46.1 n USE SALT Apply the modified Tukey's method to identify significant differences among u's. (Round your answers to two decimal places.) W12 W13 = W14 = W23 = W24 = W34 = Which pairs are significantly different? (Select all that apply.) O the 1.6 group and the 3.8 group O the 1.6 group and the 6.0 group O the 1.6 group and the 10.2 group O the 3.8 group and the 6.0 group O the 3.8 group and the 10.2 group O the 6.0 group and the 10.2 group O There are no significant differences.The following data refers to yield of tomatoes (kg/plot) for four different levels of salinity. Salinity level here refers to electrical conductivity (EC), where the chosen levels were EC = 1.6, 3.8, 6.0, and 10.2 nmhos/cm. (Use i = 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively.) 1.6: 59.3 53.9 56.5 63.1 58.6 3.8: 55.4 59.9 52.2 54.6 6.0: 51.2 48.3 53.1 48.9 10.2: 44.7 48.2 41.1 47.1 46.9 Use the F test at level a = 0.05 to test for any differences in true average yield due to the different salinity levels. State the appropriate hypotheses. Hạ: at least two us are equal O Ho: H = z = 43 = Ha H: all four u,'s are unequal O Ho: H = uz = H3 - Ha Hạ: at least two 4's are unequal H: all four u,'s are equal Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
- The following data refers to yield of tomatoes (kg/plot) for four different levels of salinity. Salinity level here refers to electrical conductivity (EC), where the chosen levels were EC = 1.6, 3.8, 6.0, and 10.2 nmhos/cm. (Use i = 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively.) 1.6: 59.9 53.5 56.7 63.2 58.6 3.8: 55.6 59.6 52.6 54.5 6.0: 51.2 48.6 53.8 48.9 10.2: 44.3 48.4 41.0 47.9 46.5 In USE SALT Use the F test at level a = 0.05 to test for any differences in true average yield due to the different salinity levels. State the appropriate hypotheses. O Ho: H1 = H2 = !3 = H4 H: all four u's are unequal O Ho: H1 = H2 = H3 = H4 H: at least two u's are unequal O Ho: H1 # Hq # Hz# H4 H: all four u's are equal O Ho: H1* H2 * H3# H4 H: at least two u's are equal Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) f = What can be said about the P-value for the test? O P-value > 0.100 O 0.050 < p-value < 0.100 O 0.010 < p-value < 0.050 O 0.001 < P-value < 0.010 O P-value < 0.001The following data refers to yield of tomatoes (kg/plot) for four different levels of salinity. Salinity level here refers to electrical conductivity (EC), where the chosen levels were EC = 1.6, 3.8, 6.0, and 10.2 nmhos/cm. (Use i = 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively.) 1.6: 59.4 53.4 56.3 63.2 58.4 3.8: 55.9 59.7 52.7 54.2 6.0: 51.7 48.2 53.9 49.0 10.2: 44.3 48.3 40.7 47.2 46.7 W23 = W 24 = W34 = USE SALT Apply the modified Tukey's method to identify significant differences among us. (Round your answers to two decimal places.) W12 = W13 = W14= Which pairs are significantly different? (Select all that apply.) Othe group and the 3.8 group the 1.6 group and the 6.0 group the 1.6 group and the 10.2 group the 3.8 group and the 6.0 group the 3.8 group and the 10.2 group O the 6.0 group and the 10.2 group There are no significant differences.What is the vapor pressure difference (VPD) between the leaf and the atmosphere under the following conditions: Air temperature 32 C Air Relative humidity 75% Leaf temperature - 27 C Temperature (°C) Cwy (mol m-3) 0.269 0.378 10 0,522 15 0.713 20 0.961 25 1.28 30 1.687 35 2.201 40 2.842 45 3.637 1 -10 10 30 40 50 Air temperature (°C) Saturation water vapor concentration, wv(sat.) (mol m-3) 2. 20
- The measured concentration of phosphorus (P) for n = 20 identical specimens of wastewater with known concentration of 2 mg/L are: 1.8, 2.2, 2.1, 2.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.1, 2.1, 1.8, 1.9, 2.4, 2.0, 1.9, 1.9, 2.2, 2.3, 2.2, 2.3, 2.1, 2.2 Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the true mean concentration. Does the interval contain the value 2.0 mg/L? What does this result imply?The measured concentration of phosphorus (P) for n = 20 identical specimens of wastewater with known concentration of 2 mg/L are: 1.8, 2.2, 2.1, 2.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.1, 2.1, 1.8, 1.9, 2.4, 2.0, 1.9, 1.9, 2.2, 2.3, 2.2, 2.3, 2.1, 2.2 For the phophorus data test the following hypotheses using a two sided test at a = 0.05: Ho: n = 2 HA:n # 217.7 Butterfly wings. Researchers studied the morphological attributes of monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus), a species that undertakes large seasonal migrations over North America. They measured the forewing weight (in milligrams, mg) of a sample of 92 monarch butterflies, all of which had been reared in captivity in identical conditions.° Figure 17.4 shows the output from the statistical software JMP. (The data are also available in the Large.Butterfly the data file if you wish to practice working with your own software.) Estimate with 95% confidence the mean forewing weight of monarch butterflies reared in captivity. Follow the four- step process as illustrated in Example 17.2. 4 STEP そMP FWweight 30 25 20 15 10 11 12 13 14 15 8 9 10 Summary Statistics Mean 11.795652 Std Dev 1.1759413 Std Err Mean 0.1226004 Upper 95% Mean Lower 95% Mean 1 FIGURE 17.4 Software output (JMP) for the forewing weight of monarch 12.039183 11.552122 92 N. butterflies. Count
- The article “Wastewater Treatment Sludge as a Raw Material for the Production of Bacillus thuringiensis Based Biopesticides” (M. Tirado Montiel, R. Tyagi, and J. Valero, Water Research, 2001:3807–3816) presents measurements of total solids, in g/L, for seven sludge specimens. The results (rounded to the nearest gram) are 20, 5, 25, 43, 24, 21, and 32. Assume the distribution of total solids is approximately symmetric. a) Can you conclude that the mean concentration of total solids is greater than 14 g/L? Compute the appropriate test statistic and find the P-value. b) Can you conclude that the mean concentration of total solids is less than 30 g/L? Compute the appropriate test statistic and find the P-value. c) An environmental engineer claims that the mean concentration of total solids is equal to 18 g/L. Can you conclude that the claim is false?Radon is a gas emitted from the ground that can collect in houses in buildings. At certain levels it can cause lung cancer. Radon concentrations are measured in picocuries per liter (pCi/L). A radon level of 4 pCi/L is considered “acceptable” Radon levels in a house vary from week to week. In one house, a sample of 6 weeks had the following readings for radon level (in pCi/L): 1.9 2.8 3.9 3.9 4.2 5.7 Find the variance and standard deviation (definitional formula). Show your work using a table.The data below give the concentration of thiol (NM) in the blood lysate for two groups of volunteers. The first group of volunteers is considered 'normal', and the members of the second group of volunteers suffer from rheumatoid arthritis. a Normal: 1.85 Rheumatoid: 2.81 1.90 2.85 2.35 4.08 1.45 3.95 1.83 3.27 1.92 3.77 Find the sample mean and sample standard deviation for the 'Normal and 'Rheumatoid' groups, respectively. (Show the working steps.) 2.15 b Based on the result of (a), what kind of the hypothesis test should be used if we want to investigate whether the mean concentration of thiol is the same for the two groups?