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Choose the correct answer 1. In tracking control system the initial control effort has a. inimum value b. zero value c. maximum value a. stavie aute IVICATII 3. In LQR controller technique it can increase the input signal by a. Reducing diagonal elements of Q matrix b. Reducing diagonal elements of R matrix Increasing diagonal elements of R matrix d. Increasing diagonal elements of Q matrix SVILU problem a Increase rise time Decrease rise time c. Increase settling time d. Decrease settling time e. None of all above MUUTOK* .ny value 111 atrix is 5. In LQR controller technique decreasing value of the element q12 in Q matrix can

4- Determine the High-level noise margins for TTL circuits if VHCuain) = 2 V, VIL(max)=0.8 V. VoHmm)=2.4 V, VoL(mas) =0.4 V a- 0.4 V b- 1.2 V C- 1.17 V d- 0.7 V

:Zoom 8. In a multiplexer, the selection of a particular input line is controlled by, a) Data controller b) Selected lines c) Logic gates d) Both data controller and selected lines 16:36 ENG 08/12/2021

For the cct shown below find zt and drow the equivalent cct IPD I Cgdp RE Cgdn CPD VDD Mp Ma HH Figure 5. Schematic diagram of the Inv-TIA. Cout

Suppose that the circuit shown in the below figure is to be modeled. What is the correct VHDL option for the synthesis of this circuit? global_resetb zb- global cik a

3. Suppose that EAX = 00001000H, EBX = 00002000H, and DS = 0010H. Identify theaddressing modes and determine the addresses accessed by the following instructions,assuming real mode operation:(a) MOV ECX, [EAX+EBX](b) MOV [EAX+2*EBX], CL(c) MOV DH, [EBX+4*EAX+1000H]

Arduino Mega is based on ATmega328 processor True False O * Arduino Uno has .... Analogue input/output 12 O 8 16 Arduino Uno processor speed is greater than Arduino Due False O True O

Decoder circuit as shown in the following Figure. if A is LSB and C is MSB, the output expression F= YO Y Y, Y, D. Y. Decoder O a. B' O b. C O'c.B O d. C

Write an 8085 assembly language program for the interfacing of 8255., where Port A and Port B are holding values, take those numbers from Port A and Port B, add them, and send the result at Port C. Note: Port A address is 00, Port B address is 01, Port C address is 02 and Control Register address is 03.

Explain: Block diagram and typical parameters of Data Acquisition Boards

Write VHDL code of 7 segment decoder as shown in figure below 7-segment decoder 4 4 0 6 3

Design an encoding matrix with diodes and resistors to display a decimal number to on the seven-segment display. You have 10 switches (WO-W9) with one terminal connected to Vec. For decimal number 0, switch 0 (S0) is closed, for decimal number 1, switch 1 (S1) is closed etc. (Switches are on the vertical axis, S0 on top and the outputs are taken on the horizontal axis (Y0-Y6), with “a" on the left and "g" on the right. Note that (Y0-Y6) outputs are used as inputs to seven-segment display. Since these outputs cannot drive the seven segment display LEDS you may need additional bipolar transistors and resistors. The supply voltage is 5V and each LED needs a current of 20mA. Note that this is a design problem and the design is not unique. Do your best! f a a e

Why modulation is necessary in communication system? Explain with at least three advantages of the importance of modulation in communication system?

Explain need of modulation in communication system.

Automatic Contrl Theory

Arrange the chronological order of the elements and its function to Digital Communication by writing the numbers 1 to 10 in both column A and column B. A Elements Channel Decoder Channel Encoder Digital Demodulator LICHTE SE Digital Modulator Input Transducer Channel Output Signal Output Transducer Source Source Decoder Source Encoder B A ndeseng Function After detecting the sequence, it does some error corrections. A It can be an analog signal. It compresses the data into minimum number of bits. It converts the signal into the original physical form, which was at the input of the transmitter. It does the coding for error correction. It allows the analog signal to transmit from the transmitter end to the receiver end. It produced after the whole process. It takes a physical input and converts it to an electrical signal. The received signal is demodulated as well as converted again from analog to digital.notni erli lo ini arli lo voeber edirsin.sm The resultant signal is once again…

Q1: Given the data stream o 011IOI sketch the tranimitted sequence of pulses for each of the following line codes. ( Manchester NRZ.Unipolar NRZ, Unipolar RZ polar NRZ)

(a) Suppose that the BI/RBO input line was connected to ground on the 74LS47 BCD- to-seven segment decoder and all other input lines were connected as shown in Figure 3. Determine the effect this would have on the display. (b) Assume that the switches in Figure 3 are set to binary 1000, but the display shows a zero. What are possible causes for this error? Four DIP switches +5.0 V 1.0 ΚΩ MSB LSB w 330 Ω www 330 Ω 330 ww 330 Ω +5.0 V 7447A +5.0 V R's=330 Voc Anode a w a Lamp test ba ww b BI/RBO CO www RBI Outputs d w e ww e f w ww 8 DUBA BCD inputs GND MAN72 seven-segment display

a Multiplexer : a) can only have one Se lector Switch b) routes or Connects the Se lected data input to the output c) Selects the least bits and rouks to output d) routes or connects the Seleced outpot from the input data

ii. Describe the role of the process reaction curve ( Figure 3 )and the Ziegler-Nichols PID tuning rules (Table 1) in control system design. Tangent line at inflection point Figure 3 Table: 1 Zeigler-Nichols PID controller Tuning rules Type of Controller K, T T P. 00 0.95 125 PI 0.3 PID 2L 0.5L Imnortant Note:

The following data are transmitted in a serial communication system (P is the parity bit). What parity is being used in each case? a. ABCDEFGHP = 010000101 b. ABCDEFGHP = 011000101 c. ABCDP = 01101 d. ABCDEP = 101011 e. ABCDEP = 111011

Q27) Quantization noise can be reduced when the size of quantization level is decreased. a. False b. True   DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS Course.

(i) Below (figure 1) is an example of a VHDL code for a multiplexer. --multiplexer.vhd --Common Multiplexer LIBRARY ieee; USE ieee.std_logic_1164.ALL; ENTITY multiplexer IS PORT(el, d3, d2, d1, d0 : IN STD_LOGIC; a,b.c,d,e,f.g.h.ij.k,lm,n:OUT STD LOGIC); END multiplexer; ARCHITECTURE mult OF multiplexer IS SIGNAL input : STD LOGIC_VECTOR (4 downto 0); SIGNAL output : STD LOGIC_VECTOR (13 downto 0); BEGIN input ca el & d3 & d2 & d1 & d0; WITH input SELECT "00000010000001"WHEN "10000",--Input A "00000010000001"WHEN "10001",- "00000010000001"WHEN "10010",- "00000010000001"WHEN "10011",- "00000011001111"WHEN "10100" "00000011001111"WHEN "10101 "00000011001111"WHEN "10110" "00000011001111"WHEN "10111" "10011110000001"WHEN "11000" "10011110000001"WHEN "11001" "10011110000001"WHEN "11010, "10011110000001"WHEN "11011" "10011111001111"WHEN "11100" "100111110011i1"WHEN "11101",- "10011111001111"WHEN "11110",-- "10011111001111"WHEN "11111":-. "00000010000001" -00 --"00000011001111"-01…

What is a multipath channel? Why is a multipath channel frequency selective?

Q1/ Answer the following questions? 1. List and explain LCD registers? 2. Human eyes emitenergy and are detected by ---- 3. Define Common cathode 7-Segment? 4. List 3 applications of microcontroller? 5. Ultrasonic include ----, - Q2/ How can we connect LDR with PIC Microcontroller? Q3/design control circuit by MC to operate 2 LEDs connected to pins AB and A4 of PIC16F84A.