ENGR3345_Group3_Lab6_Closed_Conduit_FLow

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Kennesaw State University *

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3345

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Civil Engineering

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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2 Department of Civil Engineering Lab 6: Closed Conduit Flow Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Section 1 Prepared by: Dorsey, Fahim – Results McManus, Harrison – Introduction & Full Report Review Moreno, Jesus – Conclusion Partain, Ethan – Discussion Rosenberg, Austin – Executive Summary, Materials and Methods, & Template Design ENGR 3345 – Fluid Mechanics Laboratory David S. Ancalle, P.E November 15 th , 2023

2 Table of Contents: Cover Page ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 0 Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1 Executive Summary …………………………………………………………………………………………….……. 2 Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….. 2-3 Materials & Methods ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-4 Results ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….. 5-6 Discussion ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 7-9 Conclusion ……………….…………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 10 References …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 11 Appendix …….…………..…………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 12

2 Executive Summary The main goals of this experiment were to view major and minor losses experimentally, investigate the relationship between pressure drops and energy losses, and calculate friction factors and loss coefficients. The energy equation was the start for the analysis of losses in a closed conduit system. Three different tests were to be carried out, that included divided flow with parallel pipes, minimal loss with a half-open ball valve in a smooth pipe, and friction loss in a rough pipe. The findings showed patterns in friction factors in relation to Reynolds numbers, which made it possible to compare the findings with well-known formulas like the Swamee-Jain equation. The split flow experiment used a trial- and-error approach to reduce head loss, and the ball valve's estimated minor loss coefficient was compared with published values. Introduction The Materials and Methods Equipment and Materials: The experimental setup involved the use of AFTC (Advanced Fluids Training and Calibration) software, a pump actuator (AB-1 button), a hydraulic network with manometer tubes, and a variety of pipes and valves. The tests were designed to find friction losses in a rough pipe, minor losses with a half-open ball valve in a smooth pipe, and split flow in parallel pipes. Specific instruments included manometer tubes for pressure measurements, a ball valve for controlling flow, and various pipes of different diameters and lengths.

2 Experimental Procedure: 1. Friction Loss (Rough Pipe with No Minor Losses): The experiment began with the start of the pump actuator through the AFTC software. For each flow rate, the length of the pipe across two manometer tubes was measured, and the diameter of the pipe was recorded. Pressure head differences were recorded for at least eight readings, and data was collected. 2. Minor Loss (Smooth Pipe with a Ball Valve Half Open): In this test, the length and diameter of the pipe were measured, and a ball valve was opened halfway. The pressure head differences were recorded for four different flow rates. 3. Split Flow (Smooth Pipe with Split Flow): This test used the measurement of minor loss components such as elbows, tees, and valves. The lengths and diameters of the pipes in the upper and lower sections were measured. A ball valve was opened halfway, and pressure head differences were recorded for four flow rates. Theoretical calculations involved a trial-and-error method to minimize head losses. These procedures were conducted while considering a roughness height (ε) of 0.175 mm for calculations. The data collected was used to find friction factors, Reynolds numbers, and minor loss coefficients, and plots were created to analyze trends and compare with equations.

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