PHY 105M Lab 7 (1)

За. Bromine and methanoic acid react in aqueous solution. Br, (aq) + HCO0Н (ад) — 2Br (aq) + 2H" (аq) + Со, (g) The reaction was monitored by measuring the volume of carbon dioxide produced as time progressed. o 5 10 15 20 25 [Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019] 30 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Time / s [Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019] Determine from the graph the rate of reaction at 20 s, in cm³ s1, showing your working. 3b. Outline, with a reason, another property that could be monitored to measure the rate of this reaction. 3c. Describe one systematic error associated with the use of the gas syringe, and how the error affects the calculated rate. 3d. Identify one error associated with the use of an accurate stopwatch. Volume of carbon dioxide / cm T m mm mo

Peroxynitric acid (HOONO2) is an unstable molecule that decomposes to nitric acid and oxygen: 2HOONO2(aq) → 2HNO3(aq) + O2(g)When the concentration of peroxynitic acid is graphed against time, the resulting plot is curved, but if the logarithm of this concentration is plotted, we instead get a straight line. Based on this, which statement is true? a)  This decay is a second order in peroxynitric acid. b)  The slope of the straight-line graph is the rate constant. c)  One needs the concentration of peroxynitric acid to calculate its half-life. d)  The rate law appears to be of the form -Δ[HOONO2]/Δt = k[HOONO2].

A student working in lab is reacting calcium oxide with water by dropping lumps of calcium oxide into the distilled water. CaO (s) + H2O (ℓ) → Ca(OH)2 (aq) Which actions or changes can the student make to increase the number of effective collisions between CaO and H2O? [Specify all that are correct.] Group of answer choices - Use a larger beaker. - Add heat. - Decrease the amount of water. - Grind up the lumps of calcium oxide. - Use a catalyst.

For the following organic reaction identify the mystery reactant R, its stoichiometric coefficient N, and any other substance X that must be present. CH3 CH₂ =C-C-CH=CH₂ || CH₂ Chemical formula of R: Stoichiometric coefficient N: + NR Must any other substance X be present? X CH3 | CH3 CH–CH–CH2–CH3 T CH3 If you said an additional substance X must be present, enter its chemical symbol or formula: 0 yes no 90 X 5

Why does the product (a•b), rather than the sum (a + b) appear in the Law of Mass Action? This is sometimes brought up to demonstrate how/why nonlinear terms arise in differential equations. The law of mass action states that The rate of a chemical reaction involving an interaction of two or more chemical species is proportional to the product of the concentrations of the given species.  This is NOT an assignment...I'm just curious and trying to understand mathematical relations better. Thanks!

Nitric oxide reacts with hydrogen to release large amounts of chemiluminescence with the characteristics of the highly cytotoxic species. The following data were measured for the reaction of nitric oxide with hydrogen: Data number 1 2 3 2 NO(g) + 2 H₂(g) → N₂(g) + 2 H₂O(g) [NO] (M) 0.1 0.1 0.2 [H₂] (M) 0.1 0.2 0.1 Based on the data, (a) Determine the rate law for this reaction. (b) Calculate the rate constant. (c) Calculate the rate when [NO] = 0.050 M and [H₂] = 0.150 M Initial rate (M/S) 1.23 x 10-³ 2.46 x 10-³ 4.92 x 10-³

Construct the expression for Kc for the following reaction. 1 3NO(g) = N20(g) + NO2(g) Construct the expression for Kc for the following reaction. 2 X 4HCI(aq) + O2(g) = 2H20(1) + 2C12(g) > Construct the expression for Kc for the following reaction. 3 CH4(g) + 2H2S(g) = CS2(g) + 4H2(g) Construct the expression for Kc for the following reaction. 4 X 2Cu*(aq) + Zn(s) = 2Cu(s) + Zn²*(aq) >

In any manufacturing process, reaction monitoring ensures that a chemical reaction proceeds as expected. Table 1 shows the monitoring data for the formation of chlorohexane, collected using a technique called gas chromatography. Note that the concentrations of the chlorohexane solutions are given in millimoles per litre (mmol l–1). The abbreviation mM (millimolar) is frequently used. Plot a graph of the data in Table 1. The graph should be drawn on graph paper or use fine grid if it’s drawn on Excel. Elapsed Time/Hours  Concentration of Chlorohexane/mM 0 0 2 40 4 65 6 80 8 90 10 95 12 99

Route 1:RME = 82.92%MI= 1.34 Route 2RME = 93.33%MI = 1.57 Route 3RME = 57.34%MI = 1.89 Compare the value of Reaction Mass Efficiency (RME) and Mass Intensity (MI) generally, and choose which metrics is more significant in green measurement. Justify your answer.

Sodium chlorate crystals are easy to grow in the shape of cubes by allowing a solution of water and sodium chlorate to evaporate slowly. a. If V is the volume of such a cube with side length x, calculate dV/dx when x = 3 mm and explain its meaning (be specific). b. Show that the rate of change of the volume of a cube with respect to its edge length is equal to half the surface area of the cube.

Use the information given here to answer both questions (4 and 5).  For the fictitious reaction:  AB → A + B Some data was collected measuring the [AB] at certain time intervals.  This data was then graphed as described below. A graph of 1/[AB] versus time (s) gives a straight line with the equation: y = 0.0052x + 0.1135 and a R2 = 0.9995.  A graph of ln[AB] versus time (s) gives a straight line with the equation: y = -0.0068x + 1.725 and a R2 = 0.8925.   Assume the data doesn't fit a zero order reaction. What is the rate law for this reaction? Select one: a. Rate = k[AB]2 b. Rate = k[A][B] c. Rate = k[AB] d. Rate = k   Using the data from the previous question. What is the value of the rate constant for the given reaction? Select one: a. k = 0.0052 M-1s-1 b. k = 0.0157 Ms-1 c. k = 0.0068 s-1 d. There is no way to determine the value of the rate constant from the given information.

Consider the equation for the decomposition of SO2C22, SO2Cl2 (g) → S02(g) + Cl2 (g) The graph of In SO2 Cl2] versus time is -2.3- Slope y-intercept -2.4 y -0.000290t 2.30 -2.5 -2.6- -2.7 -2.8+ 0. 500 1000 1500 2000 Time (s) You may want to reference (Page) Section 14.4 while completing this problem. In [SO,Cl]

3. Standard white vinegar you can buy in the grocery store is 5% concentration. That means 5% of the liquid vinegar is acetic acid and 95% of the solution is water. In a hardware store, you can buy industria strength vinegar, which is 30% concentration. This means that 30% of the vinegar is acetic acid, and the remaining 70% is water. Samuel does another experiment, this time with 5% vinegar and 30% vinegar. He sets up two science fair volcanoes (in no particular order), each with the same temperature, mass of baking soda and volume o vinegar. But one volcano uses 5% vinegar and the other volcano uses 30% vinegar. He measures the volume of gas production for the'first minute of each reaction, and he records the data below. Volcano # 1 Volume of gas produced (mL.) vs. Time (s) for Volcano #1 Time Volume of gas (s) produced (ml) 60 E 50 10 20 30 25 8 40 38 46 30 20 Volume of gas produced (ml) 40 50 50 60 52 of 10 53 20 40 60 80 Time (s) Volcano # 2 Volume of gas Volume of gas produced…

3. The reaction H₂SO3(aq) + 6(aq) + Haq) → Se(s) +213(aq) + 3H₂0 (1) was studied at 0°C. The following data were obtained: Experiment # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 [H₂SO3(aq)lo (mol/L) constant? 1.0 x 104 2.0 x 10-4 3.0 x 104 1.0 x 10-4 1.0 x 10-4 1.0 x 104 1.0 x 104 [¹] (mol/L) 2.0 x 10² 2.0 x 10-² 2.0 x 10-² 4.0 x 10-² 1.0 x 10-² 2.0 x 10-² 1.0 x 10-² Find the order of the reaction with respect to [H₂SO3]. respect to [I-¹]. reaction with respect to [H+¹]. is the overall order of the reaction? Find the value of the rate constant (k). Only write the number. [H¹+] (mol/L) 2.0 x 10-² 2.0 x 10-² 2.0 x 10-² 2.0 x 10-² 2.0 x 10-² 4.0 x 10-² 4.0 x 10-² Rate (mol/L.s) Find the order of the reaction with Find the order of the What What are the units of the rate 1.66 x 10-7 3.33 x 10-7 4.99 x 10¹7 6.66 x 10-7 0.42 x 10-7 13.2 x 10-7 3.36 x 10-7

5 Why is it important to be able to calculate steady-state variables such as temperature, pressure, concentration?

1-arr In a study of the gas phase decomposition of phosphine at 120 °C PH3(g)- →1/4 P4(g) + 3/2 H2(g) the concentration of PH3 was followed as a function of time. It was found that a graph of In[PH3] versus time in seconds gave a straight line with a slope of -2.50×10² s1 and a y-intercept of -3.24. Based on this plot, the reaction i v O order in PH, and the half life for the reaction is seconds. zero first second

In a study of the conversion of methyl isonitrile to acetonitrile in the gas phase at 250 CH 3 NC(g) CH 3 CN(g) the concentration of CH 3 NC was followed as a function of time It was found that a graph of ln[CH 3 NC] versus time in seconds gave a straight line with a slope of - 4.17 * 10 ^ - 3 * s ^ - 1 and a y intercept of -4.05 Based on this plot , the reaction is order in CH 3 NC and the rate constant for the reaction is

Part A Consider the equation for the decomposition of SO2 Cl2, SO2Cl2 (g) → SO2 (g) + Cl2 (g) Use the graph and the best fitting line to predict the concentration of SO2 Cl2 at 1700 s. The graph of In SO2 Cl2] versus time is Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units. -2.3 Slope y-intercept HẢ ? -2.4 y = -0.000290t - 2.30 -2.5 Value Units -2.6- -2.7 Submit Request Answer -2.8+ 500 1000 1500 2000 Time (s) Provide Feedback In [SO,Cl2]

Explain why scientists do not use a standard set of steps for everyinvestigation they conduct.

The solubility of Zn(OH)2 in water at 25 °C is measured to be 4.2 × 101 Round your answer to 2 significant digits. L □×10 ⑤ Use this information to calculate KS, for Zn(OH)2. sp

so that means route a is preferrable in a small lab and route b is preferred in a chemical plant?

1) Listen -5 The Ksp value for calcium sulfate [CaSO4] is 2.40 X 10 and a professor made 1825 mL of a CaSO4(ag) solution but then one of his graduate student accidentally poured in a 0.125 M solution of calcium phosphate [Cag(PO4)2] solution. You may ignore the additional volume coming from the Ca3(PO4)2 solution to make the calculation simpler. Calculate the new sulfate (SO42) ion concentration at equilibrium with this common ion effect. 6.40 x 10-5 5.25 x 10-5 6.21 x 10-5 5.44 x 10-5 201591..docx LAB EXP. #3 -..docx Show All

PREV 1 2 3 NEXT Based on your ICE table (Part 1) and the definition of Kb, set up the expression for Kb in order to determine the unknown. Each reaction participant must be represented by one tile. Do not combine terms. Kb = [0] [0.50] (x) [x +4.20] [x - 4.20] [x+6.3 x 10 < PREV 1 [2x] = 3.8 × 10-10 RESET [4.20] [6.3 x 10-5] [1.6 × 10-19] [3.8 × 10-19] [x-6.3 x 10] [x+1.6 × 10-9] [x-1.6 x 10-19 [x+3.8 x 10-9] [x-3.8 x 10-19 2 3 Based on your ICE table (Part 1) and the equilibrium expression for Kb (Part 2), determine the original concentration of C6H5NH3+. [C6H5NH3+] = M RESET 0 8.3 × 1010 0.86 1.2 10 2.1 0.50

A gallon of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) is spilled in a room which is 20'x15'x10'. Given static conditions, what is the concentration in the room? A. 12,237 ppm B. 12, 327 ppm C. 13,227 ppm

the heat of combustion of benzoic acid.   based on the data and the graph, what is the drift rates the initial and final drift rates (??⁄??)? and (??⁄??)?

4PH3 P4 + 6H₂ What is the rate of disappearance of PH3 from 0 to 75 seconds? Time [PH₂] [P4] [H₂] 0 2.00 0 0 75 1.50 ? ? 150 1.25 0.19 1.13 225 1.13 0.22 1.31 300 1.07 0.23 1.40 RatepH3 [?] x 10 M/s Coefficient (green) Exponent (yellow) Enter

0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 ー-マー C 0.05 ロー - ロー - ロー - EB Tempo/ (min) A- Calculate the initial speeds for each component of the system. B. calculate the stoichiometric coefficients for each reagent and product and get the equation right. C-calculate the initial reaction speed. Quantidadel (mol) 2.

POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE AND SODIUM HYDROXIDE Repeat procedure 3 using 6M sodium hydroxide instead of 6M sulfuric acid. Allow the solution to stand for about 15 minutes and write an observation of any changes. Observations: Balanced chemical equation: 2KMnO 4(aq) + 3NaHSO 3(aq) + NaOH (aq) → 2H2O(l) + K2SO 4(aq) + 2MnO 2(s) + 2Na2SO 4(aq) What substance is responsible for the color change?

how do i find the time it took for the mixture to react from A = 0.600 to 0.800 when catalyst was added to the reactant?

Would this be solved using n=MV??

2. a) Calculate the hard-sphere (HS) collision theory rate constant ks for the reaction NO(g) + C₁₂(g) Þ NOCl(g) + HS Cl(g) at 300 K in units of dm³ mols. The collision diameters of NO and Cl₂ are 370 and 540 pm, respectively. 16.0 g/mol, and mcı Use masses of m₁ = 14.0 g/mol, mo = 35.0 g/mol. N = b) Now include the line-of-centers (LOC) energy criterion to find koc in units of dm³ mol¹ s¹ using E₁ = 84.9 kJ mol LOC LOC c) Calculate the ratio of kчs and kLoc to the experimental rate constant at 300 K given A = 3.981 10° dm³ mol¹ s and E₁ = 84.9 kJ mol‍¹. a -1