Q: How do angiotensin II receptors reduce blood pressure, and what are the advantages do they have over…
A: The circulatory framework, likewise called the cardiovascular framework or the vascular framework,…
Q: Why does the glomerulus have a high-pressure capillary network? Explain.
A: Glomerulus is defined as the network of blood capillaries present in the kidney. The network of…
Q: List the Pathways by which decreased plasma volume leads, via the renin-angiotensin system and…
A: Aldosterone is the primary mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. It maintains the ratio…
Q: Where is Atrial Natriuretic Peptide located? What is its role?
A: BASIC INFORMATION HEART It is a muscular organ It is present in a space in between the lungs…
Q: Explain the significance of pressures involved in filtration and reabsorption processes in the…
A: The kidneys filter far more fluid than is actually expelled in the urine (about 1.5 litres per day).…
Q: subject kidneys What is renal plasma threshold?
A: The kidneys remove waste products from the blood and produce urine. As blood flows through the…
Q: Explain how plasma clearance is used to calculate renalplasma flow
A: Plasma clearance is seen in terms of Para-aminohippurate clearance. It is measured in either L/hr or…
Q: Which pressure would be affected by an obstruction in the capillary? Would this increase or decrease…
A: INTRODUCTION Capillary pressure is the pressure difference across the interface between two…
Q: Describe the response of the renin-angiotensinaldosterone hormone mechanism to a decrease in…
A: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an endocrine hormone system that functions to…
Q: What is the renin-angiotensin system?
A: this system is present in the kidney
Q: how cAMP increase permeability to water in the epthelial cell of renal tubules? define
A: The aquaporins (AQPs) allows majority of reabsorption of water occurring in the nephron. In the…
Q: Why do site -IV diuretics drugs administer with the combination of site-I, site-II and site-III…
A: The amount of water in the body must be controlled in order to maintain the homeostasis. The amount…
Q: Which part of the filtration membrane prevents red blood cells from entering the capsular space?
A: Filtration membrane: A glomerular capillary that comprises of leaky barrier and the…
Q: Briefly explain the Renin-angiotensin mechanism indicating the treatment or drug target sites of…
A: It is a system that regulates blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte balance as well as systemic…
Q: Why do site-IV diuretic drugs administer with the combination of site-I, site-II and site-III…
A: The amount of water has to be regulated to maintain the homeostasis. This is mainly done by the…
Q: What is the effect of no vasopressin and maximum vasopressin concentration in the blood?
A: Vasopressin is also known as anti-diuretic hormone. Vasopressin is a peptide hormone produced in the…
Q: Why are most plasma proteins the albumins and globulin excluded from the filtrate in a healthy…
A: Urine formation occurs in the kidneys. Nephrons are the structural units of kidneys.
Q: If blood pressure in the afferent arteriole leading to a glomerulus decreased, how would the rate of…
A: Answer- GFR or glomerular filteration rate is dependent upon many factors like blood pressure in…
Q: How do Na-H exchangers on the luminal surface of tubular cells promote bicarbonate reabsorption in…
A: The Na+/H+ exchange aids NaCl reabsorption and luminal surface of the tubular cells. The NHE3 (in…
Q: What is the net result of the renal response to acidosis?
A: Metabolic acidosis is a common clinical condition that is characterized by reduced blood pH and…
Q: what are the types of osmoregulation and describe these
A: Osmoregulation refers to the maintenance of salt and water content in the body of the animal.…
Q: What is the effect of vasopressin on the renal tubules?
A: Vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone is a type of peptide hormone formed in hypothalamus.
Q: What is autoregulation in the kidney? What other regulatory mechanisms are at work in renal…
A: Kidneys are the primary organs of the excretory system.
Q: 17-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department after being injured in an automobile accident…
A: We have a case of a 17-year-old boy who has been injured by an automobile accident. Because of the…
Q: Why did the differential renal vein renin test show an increase in the blocked renal artery side…
A: Renal vein renin test compare the renin release from two kidneys. It is the ratio of the measurement…
Q: Which transporters below are most likely facilitators of the renal elimination of furosemide?
A: The below given figure is of Furosemide which is a potent loop diuretics and is eliminated by renal…
Q: Suppose a tumor is pressing on and obstructing the right ureter. What effect might this have on CHP…
A: Different body organs work in a coordinated manner to maintain optimum body functioning. The…
Q: How fast in mL/min is the total renal blood flow in an average sized adult?
A: Answer- The average in adult total renal blood flow is:- 1L/mint .
Q: What two quantities make up “H1 excretion”? Why can this term beequated with “contribution of new…
A: Plasma is a clear, straw-colored liquid portion of the blood that is devoid of red blood cells,…
Q: What is Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) ?
A: Atrial natriuretic hormones are secreted from the cells in the right atrium of the heart when the…
Q: how cAMP increase permeability to water in the epthelial cell of renal tubules? explain
A: The pair of kidneys are bean shaped red organs that are placed on abdominal region. They play a key…
Q: why does the kidney receive 1/4 of cardiac output?
A: Renal blood flow refers to the volume of blood delivered to the kidneys/unit time. The kidneys…
Q: What effect does vasodilation have on the afterload of a patient with sepsis?
A: Sepsis which is a common medical condition with a very high mortality rate and it is a…
Q: Why don't red blood cells usually appear in urine?
A:
Q: What metabolic by-product from hemoglobin colors the urine yellow?
A: Kidneys are the principal functional organs of the urinary system. Kidneys filter blood and produce…
Q: Explain the interactions between ADH, angiotensin-renin-aldosterone P, GFR, in a patient with acute…
A: ADH :- Antidiuretic hormone is released usually when intravascular fluid volume is reduced…
Q: Why is blood filtration important and briefly describe how this is achieved
A: Blood should be filtered to remove waste and toxin materials from the blood. The process occurs…
Q: Why would the differential renal vein renin test show an increase in the blocked renal artery side…
A: Renal vein renin test measures the ratio between the ischemic kidney and that of contralateral…
Q: Define plasma clearance and show how it is calculated
A: In the human body, blood is considered the fluid that plays a significant role in the transportation…
Q: What type of gradient is being established in the medulla of the kidney?
A: Kidneys are made up of a large number of smaller units called nephrons. The nephron is the…
Q: How does renal compensation affect blood plasma levels of HCO3– ? How does respiratory compensation…
A: Renal compensation Renal compensation is a regulatory mechanism in which the pH of the plasma is…
Q: What is atrial natriuretic factor?
A: There are several hormones which play an active part in the regulation of kidney functions.
Q: 17 year old boy is brought to the emergency department after being injured in automobile accident…
A: Automobile accidents are very dangerous and most common in adolescence. Due to an automobile…
Q: What is meant by the term osmoregulation?
A: Organism is any individual entity that embodies the properties of life. Organisms are classified by…
Q: what three organs need to be evaluated because of their ability to promote edema and why? Describe…
A: Body’s fluid accumulates in the interstitial space as capillary filtration exceeds the amount of…
Q: Why do site-IV diuretic drugs administer with the combination of site-I, site-II ans site-III…
A: Diuretics are medicines that are used to increase the rate of formation of urine in our bodies. The…
Why does exogenous erythropoietin (EPO) effectively treat anemia due to renal failure but is ineffective in treating the other four types?
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- Which of the following is true regarding plasma colloid osmotic pressure ? 1) It is less than interstitial osmotic pressure 2) It decreases by significantly in the muscle capillaries as blood flows from the arteriole end to the venous end 3) It is primarily caused by the presence of the substances in the plasma such as sodium and potassium 4) It increases in response to an increase in plasma fibrinogen concentration asap pleaseWhat are the major function of an ultrafiltrate of plasma?What would be the result of erythropoietin overproduction by the kidneys? Where are the kidneys located in the body? What is the medial indention on the kidneys called?
- In hemodialysis, which substances diffuse out of the blood and into the dialysate (the solution used to remove waste products)? Which substances flow from the dialysate into the blood?What happens to blood concentration of plasma proteins in an individual with renal disease that results in either (a) damage to the filtration membrane or (b) decreased filtration at the filtration membrane?What is the renin-angiotensin system?
- Please help me with these questions, more than one answer may be correct for each:1) Which of the following statements are true about the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis? A) Angiotensin II stimulates production of aldosterone, which increases sodium reabsorption B) Renin converts angiotensinogen to angotensin I C) Angiotensin II stimulates production of vasopressin, which increases aquaporins in the collecting duct D) Vasopressin decreases thirst E) Renin lowers GFR 2) The purpose of excretion is to A) maintain internal pH B) remove harmful substances C) maintain plasma volume D) maintain osmotic balance E) maintain internal solute concentrationDescribe at least two mechanisms by which angiotensin II targets the kidneys to increase extracellular fluid volume and, therefore, increase blood pressure.What is the details of the renin-angiotensin pathway?