Which of the following most accurately describes the life history for organisms such as sea urchins, who release hundreds or even thousands of eggs to be fertilized in the open ocean? combination of r-selected and K-selected r-selected K-selected
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Which of the following most accurately describes the life history for organisms such as sea urchins, who release hundreds or even thousands of eggs to be fertilized in the open ocean?
combination of r-selected and K-selected |
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r-selected |
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K-selected |
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- Which of the following would be an appropriate hypothesis for an experiment in this lab? Which of the following would be an appropriate hypothesis for an experiment in this lab? Sea urchins living in kelp forests have higher fertilization rates than those living on rocks in intertidal areas. Sea urchin species spawning near other echinoderm species have lower fertilization rates. Sea urchins fertilization rate drops as carbon dioxide concentrations rise. The concentration of phthalates in sea water reduces sea urchin fertilization rates. Sea urchins living in depths up to 10 meters have higher fertilization rates.Which of the following habitat and life history traits would you expect in a species that reproduces sexually, reaches sexual maturity relatively quickly, and provides little parental care? Choose all that apply. A heavy parasite load A predictable environment A low parasite load An unpredictable environment A small number of eggs per reproductive effort A large number of eggs per reproductive effortIn spadefoot toads there are two forms of the tadpoles: omnivores and carnivores. Environmental factors such as population density, oxygen concentration, and availability of food determine which form any particular tadpole takes. Consider the situation below. A single pair of toads produces a fertilized group of eggs in a pond. The pond dries a bit creating two separate ponds, one is deep and the other is shallow. All the tadpoles in the deep pond become omnivores and all the tadpoles in the deep pond become carnivores. There is a heavy rain and the ponds become connected again and the two groups of tadpoles mix together. The carnivores eat most of the omnivores and more of the carnivores become adult toads This is an example of Group of answer choices A. natural selection and evolution B. evolution only C. natural selection only
- A group of researchers are interested in whether temperature has an affect on time to metamorphosis in a species of frog. Eggs from a single pond were obtained and raised at either 15°C or 25°C until metamorphosis completed. Time (days) 15°C 25°C 360 379 375 353 354 299 378 349 385 323 359 298 371 301 355 375 μ 367.1 334.6 S 11.66 33.85 Time to metamorphosis at 25°C quantile Time to metamorphosis at 15°C quantile 385 380 375 370 365 360 355 +3 -1.5 380 360 340 320 300 -1.0 -0.5 00 05 10 1.5 Normal quantile -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 00 0.5 1.0 Normal quantile a) List the potential statistical tests that could be used to test the researcher's hypothesis, how they compare in terms of power, and the assumptions made by those tests. (3 marks) b) Based on the data, which test should be used? Provide a brief explanation and test any assumptions, as necessary to come to your conclusion. (4 marks) c) Conduct a statistical analysis using that test. (8 marks)The three key themes of Pacific salmon biology are anadromy, philopatry (homing), and semelparity. Describe how each of these themes define the salmon’s life cycle in no more than 2 sentences per term.Can you answer all the parts to this question Anadromous- born in freshwater, migrate to saltwaterCatadromous- born in saltwater, migrate to freshwaterOceanodromous- born in saltwater body, migrate to another saltwater bodyPotamodromous- born in freshwater stream or lake, migrate to another stream or lake Example of one anadromous species? And what is its migration pattern? (as in what specific bodies of water does this specimen breed in and live in?) Example of one catadromous species from your list? And what is its migration pattern? (as in what specific bodies of water does this specimen breed in and live in?)
- What do you think is the adaptive value of this bizarre behavior when the urchins are actively foraging on their feeding ground? Explain in terms of different adaptive behaviors to maximise growth, survival & other traits that contributes to the fitness of the species in a highly variable coastal environment. *Which of the following organisms cohabitate with the tripod fish? goldfish anglerfish swordfish catfishAmniotic eggs, compared to non-amniotic eggs, are a useful adaptation for Decreasing the amount of resources taken from the mother per egg Allowing mass amounts of offspring to be produces quickly Increasing the potential geographic range of species None of the above
- If a turbellarian worm (flatworm) were to produce offspring that were thick and round; The offspring would die quickly due to a lack of oxygen The offspring would no longer have a body cavity like it's parents The offspring would be neither helped nor hindered by this trait The offspring would be more fit and increase in the populationIn the new city, some individual birds become hosts for a particular type of blood-sucking ectoparasite. A researcher wanted to know: Are birds healthier, as measured by their weight, when they are free of these parasites compared to when they are infected with these parasites? She collected the following data. Bird Weight Data Data on Individual Birds Sample Parasites? Bird Weight (g) 1 No 48 2 No 32 3 No 56 4 No 40 5 No 28 6 Yes 12 7 Yes 24 8 Yes 16 9 Yes 28 10 Yes 40 Summary Data Parasite Presence Mean Weight (g) 40.8 24.0 Absent PresentWhich of the following statements best describes the advantage of sexual reproduction in organisms? It reduces genetic variation, which may be useful in the future. It prevents adaptation in a changing environment. It yields offspring with novel combinations of traits. It eliminates the possibility of harmful traits being passed on. tnf: Which of the following statements best describes the functions of villi and microvilli? Villi and microvilli form the inner layer of epithelial tissue in the small intestine and increase the absorption of nutrients from chyme. Villi and microvilli absorb food through the small intestine via smooth muscle contractions called peristalsis. Villi and microvilli increase the surface area of the small intestine, which increases the absorption of nutrients by diffusion. Villi and microvilli increase the surface area of the small intestine, which aids in the absorption of bile salts and vitamin B12.