Which of the following are metabolic fight or flight responses? a. decreased glycolysis in the muscles b. decreased adrenalin : insulin c. increased gluconeogenesis in the liver d. increased glycogen synthesis in the liver e. increased insulin : glucagon
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- Neuropathy is a potential complication of diabetes. Why does it occur? Select one: A. Overproduction of ketone bodies by the liver B. Viral infection in the nerves C. Lack of glucose production by the nerves D. Blockage of blood vessels that supply the nerve fibers E. Excessive production of glucose by the brain and spinal cordNeuropathy is a potential complication of diabetes. Why does it occur? Select one: A. Viral infection in the nerves B. Lack of glucose production by the nerves o C. Blockage of blood vessels that supply the nerve fibers O D. Excessive production of glucose by the brain and spinal cord E. Overproduction of ketone bodies by the liver O ODiabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by the: a. inadequate production of insulin in the body. b. rapid break down of carbohydrates in the body. c. excessive movement of blood glucose into various body cells. d. failure of the body to produce ketones
- Type 1 diabetes is the result of which of the following? a. Autoimmune disorder b. Metabolic syndrome c. Improper diet d. Excessive insulin secretionWhich of the following statements for McArdle’s Disease is NOT correct? a. It is an inherited disorder. b. Patients have high quantities of glycogen in muscles, implying that glycogen synthesis is normal. c. Patients have no glycogen phosphorylase activity and thus no glycogen breakdown. d. Patients have high concentration of blood glucose, implying that glucose synthesis is normal.Which of the following statements about type 2 diabetes is true? Select one: A. It is an autoimmune disease. B. It is caused by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. C. It can result in hyperglycemia. D. It is characterized by a lack of insulin production. E. It is caused by a lack of pancreatic alpha cells. O
- ndicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If false, correct the statement or provide a briefexplanation for why it is false.a. Insulin increases the rate of glucose uptake by the tissues.b. Glucagon is the hormone that signals low blood glucose levels.c. The muscles can use glucose, fatty acids and ketone bodies for fuel.d. Epinephrine stimulates breakdown of glycogen in muscles when there is an immediate needfor energy by muscle cells.e. Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis to maintain the blood glucose concentration.f. With high [carbohydrate] levels, excess glucose (after glycogen storage has reached amaximum) is converted to fat.g. The high potential electrons of NADH enter the respiratory chain at NADH-Q reductase.h. Ubiquinol (QH2) is also the entry point for electrons from NADH of flavoproteins.i. Cytochrome reductase catalyzes the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to O2.Which of the following statements about the integration of fat and carbohydrate metabolism control is correct? a. High insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in muscle b. High insulin/glucagon ratio inhibits lipogenesis in liver. c. Low insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in adipocytes. d. Insulin-dependent glucose transporters are recruited to their functional membrane site when insulin levels are lowWhich of the following is caused by glucocorticoids ? A. Stimulated cartilage growth B. Increased blood glucose level C. Worsened rheumatoid arthritis D. Decreased gluconeogenesis
- Which of the following statements about insulin is not true? a. The insulin receptor has tyrosine kinase activity. b. Insulin increases fat synthesis in adipose cells. c. Insulin increases glycogen synthesis d. Insulin increases gluconeogenesis reactions.When a person fasts for days or weeks the body must compensate by changing proteins (muscle) and fats (adipose) into glucose. What is the name of this homeostatic process and what hormone stimulates this process? A. glycogenolysis stimulated by insulin B. glucohydro-attenuation stimulated by adrenalin C. gluconeogenesis stimulated by cortisol D. carbo-redemtion stimulated by cortisol. Which of the following tissues are primary targets of insulin? a. Muscle b. Brain c. Adipose tissue d. Liver