We have many antimicrobial drugs to treat bacterial infections, but very few for viruses. Why is it so difficult to treat viral infections? Hint: What would the targets for the drugs be?
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We have many antimicrobial drugs to treat bacterial infections, but very few for viruses. Why is it so difficult to treat viral infections? Hint: What would the targets for the drugs be?
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- In what cellular process does the drug target play a role?Introduction: There’s quite a bit of interest around repurposing extant drugs to treat infections by targeting host pathways that pathogens rely on. Here are a few potential drugs: 1) A drug that inhibits endocytosis, but not phagocytosis. 2) A drug that inhibits degradation of cytoplasmic proteins into smaller peptides, preventing their cycling back into amino acids. 3) A drug used to treat porphyria that reduces the reactivity of heme. 4) A drug that depletes glutathione, a chemical which protects red blood cells against the reactivity of heme. 5) A drug that reduces expression of the ACE-2 protein. Question: Pick a drug and an infection that the drug is likely to be good at treating, or pick an infection and a drug that would most likely make the infection substantially worse. Which drug and pathogen did you pick? Do you think it’ll make it better or worse?How can drug resistance in microorganisms be circumvented?
- Describe: a.) the mechanism of action of PF-07321332, the active compound found in the antiviral drug Paxlovid; b.) the viral target that it inhibits; and c.) the product formed. Use schemes where appropriate to support your answer. H H" H NH NH PF-07321332 FAll of the following can be side effects of antimicrobialagents EXCEPT:(a) “Superinfections” can occur with new pathogens whendefensive capacity of normal flora is destroyed(b) Host toxicity(c) Disruption of normal microflora in host(d) Host allergic reaction(e) Host “superimmunity”What is Anti-D Drug?
- (a) Describe how a microorganism may become resistant to a drug to which it was previously susceptible. (b) What can health care workers do to help prevent the development of drug resistant microbes? (c) What can you do on a personal level to help prevent the development of drug resistant microbes? 2.Which of the following is true of selective toxicity? O 1) It refers to the process of determining the correct dose of a particular drug O 2) To be effective, an antimicrobial agent must be more toxic to the patient than 2) the pathogen O 3) It contributes to antibiotic resistance O 4) It refers to the body's ability to protect the brain and eye 5) It takes advantage of metabolic and structural differences between host and pathogenThe World Health Organization (WHO, 2017) haslisted six steps individualscan take to prevent and control the spread of antibiotic resistance. a.One of the recommendations is “Never demand antibiotics if your health worker says you don’t need them.”Explain why when you have a flu, your health care worker would say that you do not need antibiotics. What are the other five recommendations?