TOPIC: "Frog Urogenital System" 1. Describe how urine is formed and excreted in frogs. (Please include the structures involved in the process.) 2. Describe the step-by-step fertilization process in an amphibian. (Please include the structures involved in the process.)
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TOPIC: "Frog Urogenital System"
1. Describe how urine is formed and excreted in frogs. (Please include the structures involved in the process.)
2. Describe the step-by-step fertilization process in an amphibian. (Please include the structures involved in the process.)
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- 1. Describe how urine is formed and excreted in frogs. - Include in the discussion the structures involved in the process. 2. Describe the step-by-step fertilization process in an amphibian. - Include in the discussion the structures involved in the process. 3. What is the importance of feedback systems in the control of hormonal output in amphibians? - Provide/elaborate one hormonal feedback pattern observed in amphibians.Answer the following questions briefly (3-5 sentences only). 1. Why does oxygen consumption increase during gastrulation? 2. What is the purpose of applying tiny particles of carbon to the surface of the embryo? 3. What processes cause the change in the form of the embryo during gastrulation 4. Does the environment play a role in the movement of cells? 5. Why is the nuclei of the early cleavage cells considerably larger than they are in ordinary somatic cells?Research and define 4 Artificial Reproductive Technologies (medical procedures uUsed primarily to address infertility). After gathering information, reflect on the following questions: a.) What are the ethical (moral) implications of these technologies? b.) Should be allowed the ability to artificially reproduce? Give your opinion on this and why? c.) If these technologies not existed, what would be the impact to the person who would not be able to reproduce?
- Direction: Explain the following in paragraph form consists of at least five sentences for each question. 1.What might be a disadvantage to temperature-dependent sex determination? 2.Compared to separate sexes and assuming self-fertilizing is not possible, what might be one advantage and one disadvantage to hermaphroditism?Complete the table below for the differences of the different organs in male and female cat. Excretory/Urinary Male Function(s) Female Function(s) 1. Kidneys 2. Ureters 3. Bladder 1. Urethra Reproductive Male Function(s) Female Function(s) 1. Vagina 2. Penis 3. OviductsSpecimen: mammalian ovary c.s. Total Magnification: Fill-in (complete each statement with the correct term) 1. The fluid-filled space within a follicle is called the _?_. 2. The tissue surrounding a mature follicle is called the _?_. 3. A follicle secretes the hormone _?_. 4. The external genitals of the female are known by the term _?_. 5. The ?_ secrete lubricating fluid into the vestibule. 6. The release of an oocyte from a follicle is termed _?_. 7. The normal site of fertilization of an egg is in the _?_. 8. The narrow portion, or neck, of the uterus is called the _?_. 9. The oocyte in a secondary follicle is embedded in the _?_ mass. 10. The thin membrane covering all or part of the vaginal opening is called the _?_. 11. The _?_ is a structure of the ovary that secretes progesterone. 12. The birth canal is also called the ?_.
- Activity 1. Define each of the concepts below. Acrosome Amnion Blastocyst Blastula Chorion Cortical reaction Extraembryonic membranes Gastrulation Holoblastic Isolecithal Meroblastic Morula Placenta Radial cleavage Spiral cleavage Telolecithal Trophoblast Activity 2. Using the concepts from Activity 1, make mini-concept maps (two concepts connected by a relationship) by connecting each concept to at least one other.Objective: Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female reproductive system. Materials: • copy of unsequenced events in menstrual cycle. • Pencil and paper Procedure: 1. Study the numbered diagrams/pictures of unsequenced events in menstrual cycle below. SEE FIGURE 1 2. Use a separate paper and copy the table below as guide in arranging the events based on its correct sequence. Write the NUMBER ONLY of the diagrams/pictures based on its corresponding stages/ events. SEE FIGURE 2Discuss the following terms in detail 1. Fertilization 2. Cleavage 3. Gastrulation
- Part IlI: Discussion 1. How can you distinguish an unfertilized egg from a fertilized egg? 2. As development proceeds from zygote to morula, what happens to the: a. number of cells? b. size of cells? C. size of the cell mass? 3. Construct a table listing the three germ layers of the gastrula and the major body portions formed from each Jayer. 108 Lab 33A. What are the cell movements (ex. Epiboly, involution, etc.) involved in human gastrulation? Explain how each occurs B. Why do these vary among vertebrate groups?Answer the following questions. 1. Where does a sea star embryo get its nutrition during prelarval stages of development? 2. More recently evolved organisms have modified the stages of embryological development. Would you expect early or late stages to be modified the most? Why? 3. The basic stages of embryological development are remarkably similar for a wide range of organisms. How would you explain such consistency? 4. As cells invaginate and move about, do they “know” where they are? If not, how is movement controlled? If so, how do they perceive their position?